Informatique, politique industrielle, Europe, entre Plan Calcul et Unidata PDF Download

Author: Institut d'histoire de l'industrie (France)
Publisher: Rive Droite
ISBN:
Category : Computer industry
Languages : fr
Pages : 634

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Author: Harm G. Schröter
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540740368
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 592

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Though in its infancy, the European enterprise has the power to change both the perception and the actual face of Europe. This book evaluates the future potential of this new type of enterprise. The contributors look for European convergence at all levels of the economy: firm, branch, state, and EU. They stress various points of view, using diverse methods, and propose different measures.

Author: Dick van Lente
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool
ISBN: 1450398189
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 556

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When electronic digital computers first appeared after World War II, they appeared as a revolutionary force. Business management, the world of work, administrative life, the nation state, and soon enough everyday life were expected to change dramatically with these machines’ use. Ever since, diverse prophecies of computing have continually emerged, through to the present day. As computing spread beyond the US and UK, such prophecies emerged from strikingly different economic, political, and cultural conditions. This volume explores how these expectations differed, assesses unexpected commonalities, and suggests ways to understand the divergences and convergences. This book examines thirteen countries, based on source material in ten different languages—the effort of an international team of scholars. In addition to analyses of debates, political changes, and popular speculations, we also show a wide range of pictorial representations of "the future with computers."

Author: Antonio Varsori
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319651633
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 315

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This edited collection offers a new approach to the study of Italy’s foreign policy from the 1960s to the end of the Cold War, highlighting its complex and sometimes ambiguous goals, due to the intricacies of its internal system and delicate position in the fault line of the East-West and North-South divides. According to received opinion, during the Cold War era Italy was more an object rather than a factor in active foreign policy, limiting itself to paying lip service to the Western alliance and the European integration process, without any pretension to exerting a substantial international influence. Eleven contributions by leading Italian historians reappraise Italy’s international role, addressing three complex and intertwined issues, namely, the country’s political-diplomatic dimension; the economic factors affecting Rome’s international stance; and Italy’s role in new approaches to the international system and the influence of political parties’ cultures in the nation’s foreign policy.

Author: Chantal Lebrument
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030348369
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 154

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This book recounts the adventures of Louis Pouzin who invented one of the core elements for transmitting data over today’s Internet, the datagram. He also created one of the most widely used computer programming languages, the Shell; and is currently, at age 88, a leader in the development of a new Internet, RINA. Louis Pouzin is not well known in his own country, France, but is acclaimed by his peers internationally. He was ignored in France for years although he is one of the very few French scientists who has met Queen Elizabeth II three times. This lack of appreciation on the part of the French public is also due to the fact that, despite the motto “publish or perish” current in scientific circles, he has an impressive list of scientific publications but only one book in English, to present his incredible achievement carried out with an exceptional team: the Cyclades project. This book is the story of a life and a team. It is the journey of a visionary intellectual who has always been one step ahead and has fully adapted to the 21st century though born into a very modest family in a small village in central France at the beginning of the 20th century... What makes Louis Pouzin so special is that he is a leader and decision-maker who knows how to attract the right people to get projects done. He never admits defeat, even when short-sighted politicians absurdly order him to scrap his breakthroughs. In its making, this book which is written for everyone interested in the true history of the Web, has strictly respected the basic rules of any journalistic investigation: interviews with those who made history, cross-referencing of sources, and documentary research.

Author: Christophe Bouneau
Publisher: Peter Lang
ISBN: 9789052016054
Category : European federation
Languages : fr
Pages : 268

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Le processus d'intégration européenne a été interconnecté avec science et technologie seulement apparemment au cours de la dernière décennie. Au contraire, dès les années 1950 les États membres de la CEE et ses potentiels candidats ont été engagés dans différents projets et tentatives de coopération dans les secteurs de la science et la technologie. Les gouvernements nationaux non seulement choisirent la voie intergouvernementale, mais ils essayèrent de profiter du cadre communautaire. Ces tentatives ont produit d'autres projets débattus au niveau de la CEE sur la standardisation de l'automobile ou sur l'énergie nucléaire et les solutions à crise pétrolière, la coopération européenne a été expérimentée avec succès dans d'autres secteurs mais non seulement dans le « berceau » communautaire, tels que l'aéronautique ou les réseaux électriques. Ces expériences et débats sur la construction européenne techno-scientifique ont été confrontés à la compétition transatlantique, et même à celle intra-européenne. En tous cas, comme les plus récents développements semblent prouver, l'Union européenne est destinée à jouer un rôle d'innovateur technologique. Grâce à une approche historique transnationale et interdisciplinaire, serions-nous capables de suggérer quel rôle, et selon quelles trajectoires ? Ostensibly the European integration process has been interconnected with science and technology only in the last decade. On the other hand, since the 1950s EEC member states and would-be members have been engaged in several projects and attempts to cooperate in science and technology. National governments not only chose the intergovernmental way, but also they tried to take advantage of the communitarian framework. These attempts produced some successes inside the EEC including the European Commission's framework programme. Appart from some projects discussed at EEC level on automobile standardisation, nuclear energy and supplies during oil crisis, European cooperation in aircraft or electric power was successfully experimented but outside the communitarian networks. These experiences and debates on a European techno-scientific construction encountered competition from across the Atlantic as well as within Europe. As the most recent developments seem to prove, the European Union has to play a role of technological innovator. Thanks to a transnational and interdisciplinary historical approach, are we able to suggest which role, and by which trends?

Author: Niels Brügger
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000797813
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 245

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The internet and the web are among the largest human-made technological artefacts ever created. Many facets of how these inventions came into being have been depicted in books and journal articles about the histories of the internet and the web. But the voices of those who took part in the creation and development of these technologies that have changed our culture and societies profoundly have only occasionally found a home. Oral Histories of the Internet and the Web brings together a number of interviews with people who in various ways have affected the establishing and evolution of the internet and the web, and in contrast to the historical accounts these interviews give a sense of lived and living history. The interviews were originally published in the interdisciplinary journal Internet Histories: Digital Technology, Culture and Society between 2017 and 2022.

Author: Niels Brügger
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1526455463
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 997

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The Web has been with us now for almost 25 years. An integral part of our social, cultural and political lives, ‘new media’ is simply not that new anymore. Despite the rapidly expanding archives of information at our disposal, and the recent growth of interest in web history as a field of research, the information available to us still far outstrips our understanding of how to interpret it. The SAGE Handbook of Web History marks the first comprehensive review of this subject to date. Its editors emphasise two main different forms of study: the use of the web as an historical resource, and the web as an object of study in its own right. Bringing together all the existing knowledge of the field, with an interdisciplinary focus and an international scope, this is an incomparable resource for researchers and students alike. Part One: The Web and Historiography Part Two: Theoretical and Methodological Reflections Part Three: Technical and Structural Dimensions of Web History Part Four: Platforms on the Web Part Five: Web History and Users, some Case Studies Part Six: The Roads Ahead

Author: Geoffrey Owen
Publisher: HarperCollins Publishers
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 536

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He analyses the interaction between individual firms, industries and countries, demonstrating the influence of national institutions and policies on which types of industry are likely to succeed.

Author: Jean-Pierre Brulé
Publisher: Belles Lettres
ISBN:
Category : Computer industry
Languages : fr
Pages : 396

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