Author: Yimer Abiyot Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783659716348 Category : Languages : en Pages : 60
Book Description
Human beings cooperate from single occasions to repeated actions which can even pass from one generation to the other. Cooperation is mostly successful through network formation which can have many patterns: Friendship network among adolescents; trade network between countries; labor sharing network among rural households and so on. Labor sharing network in rural Ethiopia is the focus of this research. In rural Ethiopia it's hard to find insurances and credit facilities for small farm holders. Agricultural labor market is still at its lowest stage. Using panel data (1994-2009) from rural Ethiopia, the study tried to discuss about the role of informal labor sharing institutes, as a coping strategies by the time when different type of shocks happen. Three types of shocks, having different properties, are chosen to address shock variables. Health shock, flood shock and wild animal invasion of farms. These shocks have been major problem in rural Ethiopia next to drought for many decades. Therefore the study confirms that informal labor sharing institutions in general are used by rural households as a means of coping strategies through acquiring enough labor force against shocks.
Author: Lauren M. MacLean Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1139488139 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This book challenges previous assumptions about institutions, social capital, and the nature of the African state by investigating the history of political and economic change in villages on either side of the Ghana-Cote d'Ivoire border. Prior to European colonial rule, these Akan villages had very similar political and cultural institutions. By the late 1990s, however, Lauren M. MacLean found puzzling differences in the informal institutions of reciprocity and indigenous notions of citizenship. MacLean argues that divergent histories of state formation not only shape how villagers help each other but also influence how local groups and communities define citizenship and then choose to engage with the state on an everyday basis. She examines the historical construction of the state role in mediating risk at the local level across three policy areas: political administration, social service delivery, and agriculture.
Author: Sven Fuchs Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1107154898 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 369
Book Description
A comprehensive overview of the concepts of vulnerability and resilience for natural hazards research for both physical and social scientists.
Author: Franziska Ohnsorge Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 1464817545 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 397
Book Description
A large percentage of workers and firms operate in the informal economy, outside the line of sight of governments in emerging market and developing economies. This may hold back the recovery in these economies from the deep recessions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic--unless governments adopt a broad set of policies to address the challenges of widespread informality. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of the extent of informality and its implications for a durable economic recovery and for long-term development. It finds that pervasive informality is associated with significantly weaker economic outcomes--including lower government resources to combat recessions, lower per capita incomes, greater poverty, less financial development, and weaker investment and productivity.
Author: Guillermo Perry Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821370936 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 270
Book Description
Analyzes informality in Latin America, exploring root causes and reasons for and implications of its growth. This book uses two distinct but complementary lenses. It concludes that reducing informality levels and overcoming the "culture of informality" will require actions to increase aggregate productivity in the economy.
Author: Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821368915 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 292
Book Description
"Analysis of the distributional impact of policy reforms plays an important role in the elaboration and implementation of poverty reduction strategies in developing and transitional countries, promoting evidence-based policy choices and fostering debate on policy reform options. International agencies and national partners are increasingly encouraging a more systematic application of policy reform analysis. Requisite to a systematic application is capacity building within countries as well as within donor agencies." "Tools for Institutional, Political, and Social Analysis of Policy Reform: A Sourcebook for Development Practitioners contributes to this agenda by introducing a framework and a set of practical tools that analyze the institutional, political, and social dimensions of policy design and implementation. The authors fill a perceived gap in knowledge of the application of social tools and complement existing guidance on conventional economic analysis of distributional impacts of reform." "This book will be of interest to commissioners and practitioners working in policy analysis in a range of areas - including macroeconomic, sectoral, and public sector policy - that are subject to ongoing policy reform discussions."--BOOK JACKET.
Author: Sebastian Martorell Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1482266482 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 3512
Book Description
Safety, Reliability and Risk Analysis. Theory, Methods and Applications contains the papers presented at the joint ESREL (European Safety and Reliability) and SRA-Europe (Society for Risk Analysis Europe) Conference (Valencia, Spain, 22-25 September 2008). The book covers a wide range of topics, including: Accident and Incident Investigation; Crisi
Author: International Monetary Fund Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1513575910 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 414
Book Description
The Global Informal Workforce is a fresh look at the informal economy around the world and its impact on the macroeconomy. The book covers interactions between the informal economy, labor and product markets, gender equality, fiscal institutions and outcomes, social protection, and financial inclusion. Informality is a widespread and persistent phenomenon that affects how fast economies can grow, develop, and provide decent economic opportunities for their populations. The COVID-19 pandemic has helped to uncover the vulnerabilities of the informal workforce.
Author: Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Banks and banking, International Languages : en Pages : 52
Book Description
"The authors (1) present new indicators of banking sector penetration across 99 countries based on a survey of bank regulatory authorities, (2) show that these indicators predict household and firm use of banking services, (3) explore the association between the outreach indicators and measures of financial, institutional, and infrastructure development across countries, and (4) relate these banking outreach indicators to measures of firms' financing constraints. In particular, they find that greater outreach is correlated with standard measures of financial development, as well as with economic activity. Controlling for these factors, the authors find that better communication and transport infrastructure and better governance are also associated with greater outreach. Government ownership of financial institutions translates into lower access, while more concentrated banking systems are associated with greater outreach. Finally, firms in countries with higher branch and ATM penetration and higher use of loan services report lower financing obstacles, thus linking banking sector outreach to the alleviation of firms' financing constraints. "--World Bank web site.
Author: Yimer Abiyot
Author: Lauren M. MacLean
Author: Sven Fuchs
Author: Franziska Ohnsorge
Author: Guillermo Perry
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Author: Sebastian Martorell
Author: International Monetary Fund
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