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Author: Ramachandra Ghosha Publisher: Kessinger Publishing ISBN: 9781104494445 Category : Literary Collections Languages : en Pages : 188
Book Description
This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work.
Author: Asko Parpola Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0190226935 Category : Religion Languages : en Pages : 385
Book Description
Hinduism has two major roots. The more familiar is the religion brought to South Asia in the second millennium BCE by speakers of Aryan or Indo-Iranian languages, a branch of the Indo-European language family. Another, more enigmatic, root is the Indus civilization of the third millennium BCE, which left behind exquisitely carved seals and thousands of short inscriptions in a long-forgotten pictographic script. Discovered in the valley of the Indus River in the early 1920s, the Indus civilization had a population estimated at one million people, in more than 1000 settlements, several of which were cities of some 50,000 inhabitants. With an area of nearly a million square kilometers, the Indus civilization was more extensive than the contemporaneous urban cultures of Mesopotamia and Egypt. Yet, after almost a century of excavation and research the Indus civilization remains little understood. How might we decipher the Indus inscriptions? What language did the Indus people speak? What deities did they worship? Asko Parpola has spent fifty years researching the roots of Hinduism to answer these fundamental questions, which have been debated with increasing animosity since the rise of Hindu nationalist politics in the 1980s. In this pioneering book, he traces the archaeological route of the Indo-Iranian languages from the Aryan homeland north of the Black Sea to Central, West, and South Asia. His new ideas on the formation of the Vedic literature and rites and the great Hindu epics hinge on the profound impact that the invention of the horse-drawn chariot had on Indo-Aryan religion. Parpola's comprehensive assessment of the Indus language and religion is based on all available textual, linguistic and archaeological evidence, including West Asian sources and the Indus script. The results affirm cultural and religious continuity to the present day and, among many other things, shed new light on the prehistory of the key Hindu goddess Durga and her Tantric cult.
Author: Sukumar Das Publisher: Independently Published ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 570
Book Description
For the first time, this book revealed, rubbing off the mythological muds, and established that the Gods and Goddesses of Vedic Hindu Religion included 12 Living Human beings of Mesopotamia of 15th Century BC, who were deified by writing Hymns in their names by the contemporary High-Priest Clans from Mesopotamia, under the dictation of the Great War-Lord Indra, who successfully invaded, conquered and established four major Indo-Aryan Dynasty along with his own empire during 1432 BC to 1390 BC, deified himself as the King of all Gods, and also deified his war-strategist, Technocrat and Medico-Surgeon Hittite Royal Twins by a God-name Nasatya, deified his young age patron Rishi Rudra of Canaan [ as God of Storms, Chief Priest of the Angira Rishi Clans of Kassites, his life-long career-associate Rishi Vrihaspati as Chief God of the Vedic Gods' Pantheon, deified his Cavalry Chiefs with common God-Name Marutas, coping the name of Kassite War-God Marruttwas, including his childhood friend Lord Vishnu, Mother Aditi, weapon-maker Tvasta, just expired Indo-Aryan pride, emperor of Babylon, Burna-Buriash by the word Varuna, King Barattarna of Mitanni Kingdom by the word Mitra [ alternative word for a Sun-God], his three illicit sons by a common God-Name 'Ribhus', and their mother, Indra's Consort Saranyu, and allowed to induct traditional Gods of Natural phenomena like Fire, Air, Sun, Water, Rain, Dawn, River, Dyous and Prithvi, all together 33 gods, compiling Hymns on them in the world's oldest Book of Religion called Rig-Veda, having 1028 Hymns, of which 71% of Hymns were awarded to 8 human Gods like Indra, Nasatya, Marutas, Varuna and Mitra. Lord Indra the conqueror India was honored by 250Hymns, Agni, the fire-God was praised in Rig-Veda by 2nd highest number of 209 Hymns, as fire's contribution to burn the Cities and Settlements of the Black-Indians and thus getting their left out wealth and vacant lands], Hard-Drink Soma Juice was highly praised with 123 Hymns in exclusive 9th Mandal in addition to Hymns in all other Mandalas, as it could only give Indra and his Cavalry Soldiers the 10-time extra energies for insane destruction, cruelest killings, plundering [not otherwise possible, all victories in all 150 wars], and the most resulting giving time of attack being dawn-time before rise of the Sun, and so, the Usha-devi [Goddess of Dwan] was offered more hymns that God Vishnu, Rudra, Brihaspati, Varuna, Mitra etc. So, the deification crave to the invaders, destroyers, plunderers, killers of the local Indians, colonizer of conquered land, got 91% of the total God-making Hymns of 846, living aside other hymns on non-god subjects. This gives a factual idea that the Holy Book of "Rig-Veda" was composed as a book of cheering and praising poems of "Physical Imperialism & Mass-Killings", and this created a new Religion to worship the Human Gods, that succeeded to provide permanent settlement, political and military hold, religious and socio-economic dictatorship of the Indo-Aryan invaders and settlers for perpetuity, and imposing a religion for the 'enslaved population' to worship their devastating killers. But such a sadistic joke, such a impossible scheme, could still made to work, as all religions spread very fast by the sponsorship of political and military powers only. Rig-Deva created the " Vedic Hindu Religion" in India, and the Hinduism is still surviving as the 3rd biggest religion of the mankind.And the bare fact also is that out of 33 gods, 30 were imported from various regions of Mesopotamia, retaining their original name and domains, and all gods did have their equivalent counterparts spread over the vast land of Ancient Mesopotamia.