Author: Vishnu Kant VermaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Indo-Aryans
Languages : en
Pages : 260
Book Description
Indo-Aryan Colonization of Greece and Middle-East
Author: Vishnu Kant VermaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Indo-Aryans
Languages : en
Pages : 260
Book Description
Missing Link of World Civilization
Author: Vishnu Kant VermaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Indo-Aryans
Languages : en
Pages : 520
Book Description
Study dealing with Indo-Aryans colonization of Greece, Middle-East Egypt, Persia, and Euro-Asian.
None but India (Bharat) the Cradle of Aryans, Sanskrit, Vedas, & Swastika
Author: Jagat K. Motwani Ph.DPublisher: iUniverse
ISBN: 1450261280
Category : Foreign Language Study
Languages : en
Pages : 469
Book Description
The divide between the North Indians and the South Indian Dravidians was created by the two British-initiated theories of the Aryan invasion of India (AII) and the Indo-European family of languages (IE). Both the theories AII and IE were mischievously engineered by the British, with their colonial and missionary agenda, guided by their world-known notorious policy, Divide and Rule. According to the AII, Aryans invaded India in about 1500 B.C. and got settled in North and forcibly pushed dark-skinned Dravidians to South. Aryans brought Sanskrit and composed the Vedas. The Dravidian Tamil, Telugu, Kannada and Malayalam are the native languages of India, not Sanskrit. With abundant historical irrefutable evidence, it has been established that the alleged invading Aryans were originally from Aryavarta (India) who had gone overseas earlier than 1800 B.C. for trade, and had established their Vedic kingdoms in several countries. Even Greece was colonized by the Indo-Aryans. When in trouble in about 1500 BC, some of them attempted to return to India, the land of their ancestors. The rest were culturally absorbed. The returning Aryans were mistaken as invaders because they were traveling in armored horsedriven chariots. It was their return to, not invasion of India. Because of long cohabitation between Sanskrit-speaking Aryans and Europeans, as the result of Indian colonization, Sanskrit influenced several European languages, particularly Greek and Latin. Resulting philological resemblances prompted Sir William Jones to theorize the IE, that Sanskrit and European languages have a common origin. It has been proved that Sanskrit and European languages do not have a common origin and that there is significant resemblance between Sanskrit and the Dravidian languages, much more than between Sanskrit and European languages.
Black Athena
Author: Martin BernalPublisher: Rutgers University Press
ISBN: 1978807139
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 668
Book Description
Winner of the 1990 American Book Award What is classical about Classical civilization? In one of the most audacious works of scholarship ever written, Martin Bernal challenges the foundation of our thinking about this question. Classical civilization, he argues, has deep roots in Afroasiatic cultures. But these Afroasiatic influences have been systematically ignored, denied or suppressed since the eighteenth century—chiefly for racist reasons. The popular view is that Greek civilization was the result of the conquest of a sophisticated but weak native population by vigorous Indo-European speakers—Aryans—from the North. But the Classical Greeks, Bernal argues, knew nothing of this “Aryan model.” They did not see their institutions as original, but as derived from the East and from Egypt in particular. In an unprecedented tour de force, Bernal links a wide range of areas and disciplines—drama, poetry, myth, theological controversy, esoteric religion, philosophy, biography, language, historical narrative, and the emergence of “modern scholarship.”
The Roots of Hinduism
Author: Asko ParpolaPublisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190226935
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 385
Book Description
Hinduism has two major roots. The more familiar is the religion brought to South Asia in the second millennium BCE by speakers of Aryan or Indo-Iranian languages, a branch of the Indo-European language family. Another, more enigmatic, root is the Indus civilization of the third millennium BCE, which left behind exquisitely carved seals and thousands of short inscriptions in a long-forgotten pictographic script. Discovered in the valley of the Indus River in the early 1920s, the Indus civilization had a population estimated at one million people, in more than 1000 settlements, several of which were cities of some 50,000 inhabitants. With an area of nearly a million square kilometers, the Indus civilization was more extensive than the contemporaneous urban cultures of Mesopotamia and Egypt. Yet, after almost a century of excavation and research the Indus civilization remains little understood. How might we decipher the Indus inscriptions? What language did the Indus people speak? What deities did they worship? Asko Parpola has spent fifty years researching the roots of Hinduism to answer these fundamental questions, which have been debated with increasing animosity since the rise of Hindu nationalist politics in the 1980s. In this pioneering book, he traces the archaeological route of the Indo-Iranian languages from the Aryan homeland north of the Black Sea to Central, West, and South Asia. His new ideas on the formation of the Vedic literature and rites and the great Hindu epics hinge on the profound impact that the invention of the horse-drawn chariot had on Indo-Aryan religion. Parpola's comprehensive assessment of the Indus language and religion is based on all available textual, linguistic and archaeological evidence, including West Asian sources and the Indus script. The results affirm cultural and religious continuity to the present day and, among many other things, shed new light on the prehistory of the key Hindu goddess Durga and her Tantric cult.
Greeks, Romans, Germans
Author: Johann ChapoutotPublisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520292979
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 514
Book Description
Much has been written about the conditions that made possible Hitler's rise and the Nazi takeover of Germany, but when we tell the story of the National Socialist Party, should we not also speak of Julius Caesar and Pericles? Greeks, Romans, Germans argues that to fully understand the racist, violent end of the Nazi regime, we must examine its appropriation of the heroes and lessons of the ancient world. When Hitler told the assembled masses that they were a people with no past, he meant that they had no past following their humiliation in World War I of which to be proud. The Nazis' constant use of classical antiquity—in official speeches, film, state architecture, the press, and state-sponsored festivities—conferred on them the prestige and heritage of Greece and Rome that the modern German people so desperately needed. At the same time, the lessons of antiquity served as a warning: Greece and Rome fell because they were incapable of protecting the purity of their blood against mixing and infiltration. To regain their rightful place in the world, the Nazis had to make all-out war on Germany's enemies, within and without.
Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture
Author: J. P. MalloryPublisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 9781884964985
Category : Foreign Language Study
Languages : en
Pages : 890
Book Description
The Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture is a major new reference work that provides full, inclusive coverage of the major Indo-European language stocks, their origins, and the range of the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European language. The Encyclopedia also includes numerous entries on archaeological cultures having some relationship to the origin and dispersal of Indo-European groups -- as well as entries on some of the major issues in Indo-European cultural studies.There are two kinds of entries in the Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture: a) those that are devoted to archaeology, culture, or the various Indo -European languages; and b) those that are devoted to the reconstruction of Proto-Indo-European words.Entries may be accessed either via the General Index or the List of Topics: Entries by Category where all individual reconstructed head-forms can also be found. Reference may also be made to the Language Indices.In order to make the book as accessible as possible to the non-specialist, the Editors have provided a list of Abbreviations and Definitions, which includes a number of definitions of specialist terms (primarily linguistic) with which readers may not be acquainted. As the writing systems of many Indo-European groups vary considerably in terms of phonological representation, there is also included a list of Phonetic Definitions.With more than 700 entries, written by specialists from around the world, the Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture has become an essential reference text in this field.
The Horse, the Wheel, and Language
Author: David W. AnthonyPublisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400831105
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 566
Book Description
Roughly half the world's population speaks languages derived from a shared linguistic source known as Proto-Indo-European. But who were the early speakers of this ancient mother tongue, and how did they manage to spread it around the globe? Until now their identity has remained a tantalizing mystery to linguists, archaeologists, and even Nazis seeking the roots of the Aryan race. The Horse, the Wheel, and Language lifts the veil that has long shrouded these original Indo-European speakers, and reveals how their domestication of horses and use of the wheel spread language and transformed civilization. Linking prehistoric archaeological remains with the development of language, David Anthony identifies the prehistoric peoples of central Eurasia's steppe grasslands as the original speakers of Proto-Indo-European, and shows how their innovative use of the ox wagon, horseback riding, and the warrior's chariot turned the Eurasian steppes into a thriving transcontinental corridor of communication, commerce, and cultural exchange. He explains how they spread their traditions and gave rise to important advances in copper mining, warfare, and patron-client political institutions, thereby ushering in an era of vibrant social change. Anthony also describes his fascinating discovery of how the wear from bits on ancient horse teeth reveals the origins of horseback riding. The Horse, the Wheel, and Language solves a puzzle that has vexed scholars for two centuries--the source of the Indo-European languages and English--and recovers a magnificent and influential civilization from the past.
The Vedic People
Author: Rajesh KochharPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 284
Book Description
In The Vedic People, well-known astro-physicist Rajesh Kochhar provides answers to some quintessential questions of ancient Indian history. Drawing upon and synthesizing data from a wide variety of fields linguistics and literature, natural history, archaeology, history of technology, geomorphology and astronomy Kochhar presents a bold hypotheses by which he seeks to resolve several paradoxes that have plagued the professional historian and archaeologist alike.
Aryans and British India
Author: Thomas R. TrautmannPublisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520917928
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 276
Book Description
"Aryan," a word that today evokes images of racial hatred and atrocity, was first used by Europeans to suggest bonds of kinship, as Thomas Trautmann shows in his far-reaching history of British Orientalism and the ethnology of India. When the historical relationship uniting Sanskrit with the languages of Europe was discovered, it seemed clear that Indians and Britons belonged to the same family. Thus the Indo-European or Aryan idea, based on the principle of linguistic kinship, dominated British ethnological inquiry. In the nineteenth century, however, an emergent biological "race science" attacked the authority of the Orientalists. The spectacle of a dark-skinned people who were evidently civilized challenged Victorian ideas, and race science responded to the enigma of India by redefining the Aryan concept in narrowly "white" racial terms. By the end of the nineteenth century, race science and Orientalism reached a deep and lasting consensus in regard to India, which Trautmann calls "the racial theory of Indian civilization," and which he undermines with his powerful analysis of colonial ethnology in India. His work of reassessing British Orientalism and the Aryan idea will be of great interest to historians, anthropologists, and cultural critics.