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Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 030904538X Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 273
Book Description
Although ability testing has been an American preoccupation since the 1920s, comparatively little systematic attention has been paid to understanding and measuring the kinds of human performance that tests are commonly used to predictâ€"such as success at school or work. Now, a sustained, large-scale effort has been made to develop measures that are very close to actual performance on the job. The four military services have carried out an ambitious study, called the Joint-Service Job Performance Measurement/Enlistment Standards (JPM) Project, that brings new sophistication to the measurement of performance in work settings. Volume 1 analyzes the JPM experience in the context of human resource management policy in the military. Beginning with a historical overview of the criterion problem, it looks closely at substantive and methodological issues in criterion research suggested by the project: the development of performance measures; sampling, logistical, and standardization problems; evaluating the reliability and content representativeness of performance measures; and the relationship between predictor scores and performance measuresâ€"valuable information that can also be useful in the civilian workplace.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 030904538X Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 273
Book Description
Although ability testing has been an American preoccupation since the 1920s, comparatively little systematic attention has been paid to understanding and measuring the kinds of human performance that tests are commonly used to predictâ€"such as success at school or work. Now, a sustained, large-scale effort has been made to develop measures that are very close to actual performance on the job. The four military services have carried out an ambitious study, called the Joint-Service Job Performance Measurement/Enlistment Standards (JPM) Project, that brings new sophistication to the measurement of performance in work settings. Volume 1 analyzes the JPM experience in the context of human resource management policy in the military. Beginning with a historical overview of the criterion problem, it looks closely at substantive and methodological issues in criterion research suggested by the project: the development of performance measures; sampling, logistical, and standardization problems; evaluating the reliability and content representativeness of performance measures; and the relationship between predictor scores and performance measuresâ€"valuable information that can also be useful in the civilian workplace.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309489385 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 445
Book Description
The U.S. Social Security Administration (SSA) provides disability benefits through the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI) programs. To receive SSDI or SSI disability benefits, an individual must meet the statutory definition of disability, which is "the inability to engage in any substantial gainful activity [SGA] by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months." SSA uses a five-step sequential process to determine whether an adult applicant meets this definition. Functional Assessment for Adults with Disabilities examines ways to collect information about an individual's physical and mental (cognitive and noncognitive) functional abilities relevant to work requirements. This report discusses the types of information that support findings of limitations in functional abilities relevant to work requirements, and provides findings and conclusions regarding the collection of information and assessment of functional abilities relevant to work requirements.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309370930 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 233
Book Description
The United States Social Security Administration (SSA) administers two disability programs: Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI), for disabled individuals, and their dependent family members, who have worked and contributed to the Social Security trust funds, and Supplemental Security Income (SSSI), which is a means-tested program based on income and financial assets for adults aged 65 years or older and disabled adults and children. Both programs require that claimants have a disability and meet specific medical criteria in order to qualify for benefits. SSA establishes the presence of a medically-determined impairment in individuals with mental disorders other than intellectual disability through the use of standard diagnostic criteria, which include symptoms and signs. These impairments are established largely on reports of signs and symptoms of impairment and functional limitation. Psychological Testing in the Service of Disability Determination considers the use of psychological tests in evaluating disability claims submitted to the SSA. This report critically reviews selected psychological tests, including symptom validity tests, that could contribute to SSA disability determinations. The report discusses the possible uses of such tests and their contribution to disability determinations. Psychological Testing in the Service of Disability Determination discusses testing norms, qualifications for administration of tests, administration of tests, and reporting results. The recommendations of this report will help SSA improve the consistency and accuracy of disability determination in certain cases.
Author: Scott Highhouse Publisher: Psychology Press ISBN: 1317562135 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 394
Book Description
Essentials of Personnel Assessment and Selection discusses the essentials that managers and other well-educated people should know about the assessment processes so widely used in contemporary society--and so widely not understood. It emphasizes that good prediction requires well-formed hypotheses about personal characteristics that may be related to valued behavior at work and the need for developing a theory of the attribute one hypothesizes as a predictor--a thought process too often missing from work on selection procedures. In addition, it explores such topics as team-member selection, situational judgment tests, non-traditional tests, individual assessment, and testing for diversity. The goal is to produce an accessible guide to assessment that covers basic and advanced concepts in a straight-forward, readable style. It provides a review of the most relevant statistical concepts and modern selection practices that will equip the reader with the tools needed to be competent consumers of assessment procedures and practices, and to be well-informed about the kinds of questions to be answered in evaluating them. This book will appeal to instructors of advanced undergraduate and master's level courses on personnel selection and assessment. If supplemented by other readings on selected topics, it would be useful in doctoral seminars. Also, students interested in becoming users of research-based assessment and selection information and techniques will find it useful.
Author: Neal Schmitt Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0199366314 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 992
Book Description
Employee selection has long stood at the practical forefront of industrial/organizational psychology. Today's social, business, and economic climates require ongoing adaptations by those who select organizations' personnel, and research on the topic helps gauge the impact of these adaptations and their implications for human performance and potential. The Oxford Handbook of Personnel Assessment and Selection codifies the wealth of new research surrounding employee selection (web-based assessments, social networking, globalization of organizations), situating them alongside more traditional practices to establish the best and most relevant research for both professionals and academics. Comprising chapters from authors in both the private sector and academia, this volume is organized into seven parts: (1) historical and social context of the field of assessment and selection; (2) research strategies; (3) individual difference constructs that underlie effective performance; (4) measures of predictor constructs; (5) employee performance and outcome assessment; (6) societal and organizational constraints on selection practice; and (7) implementation and sustainability of selection systems. While providing a comprehensive review of current research and practice, the purpose of this handbook is to provide an up-to-date profile of each of the areas addressed and highlight current questions that deserve additional attention from researchers and practitioners. This compendium is essential reading for industrial/organizational psychologists and human resource managers.
Author: Jack Jones Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA ISBN: 0313368724 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 274
Book Description
Before the passage of the Employee Polygraph Protection Act of 1988, thousands of companies used polygraph examinations to assess job applicants' predisposition to engage in dishonest activities. Despite the virtual outlawing of this procedure, screening alternatives are still needed in business. In this work, Dr. John Jones presents the current research on honesty, or integrity, tests, providing a thorough discussion of the available alternatives as well as a summary of the Model Guidelines to be used for honesty testing programs. The book covers the history of honesty testing, the current state-of-the-art research, and assessments of future trends and applications. The work is divided into four separate sections. The first four chapters chronicle the 40-year history of integrity testing, summarize how companies attempt to control employee theft, and review research showing that the use of honesty tests yields a meaningful return-on-investment. The second section focuses on current research trends. Among the topics discussed are the psychometric properties of a leading integrity test, the theoretical foundation for overt honesty tests, the accuracy of tests and ways to reduce classification errors, applicants' reactions to tests, and the organizational climate of honesty. The five chapters in section three cover future directions in preemployment testing, including discussions of tests designed to predict productivity, turnover, drug use, violence, and accidents. The final section provides practical information for companies seeking to implement integrity testing, such as integrating tests into the selection process and maintaining applicants' privacy rights. This work will be a useful reference for professionals in the fields of security management, human resources, and organizational behavior and for courses in business management, as well as a valuable addition to both public and academic libraries.
Author: National Research Council
Author: National Research Council
Author: United States. Department of the Army
Author: United States. Department of the Army
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: 
Author: Scott Highhouse
Author: Neal Schmitt
Author: United States. Department of the Army
Author: Jack Jones