Improving the Size Mismatch Between Light and Single Molecules Using Metallic Nanostructures PDF Download

Author: Anika Amir Kinkhabwala
Publisher: Stanford University
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 192

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Book Description
Fluorescence imaging and spectroscopy is an important tool in many areas of research. Biology has particularly benefitted from fluorescence techniques, since a single molecule's position, local environment, and even activity can be studied in real time by tagging it with a fluorescent label. It is, therefore, important to be able to understand and manipulate fluorescence. One way to control fluorescence is to shape the local electromagnetic fields that excite the fluorescent molecule. This thesis studies the interaction between fluorescent molecules and two nanophotonic structures that highly modify local electromagnetic fields: the bowtie nanoantenna and the photonic crystal cavity. The study of plasmons, or coherent excitations of free electrons in a metal, has led to the fabrication of antennas at optical frequencies. In particular, gold bowtie nanoantennas have been shown to concentrate light from the diffraction limit at 800 nm (~300 nm) down to ~20 nm, while also enhancing the local electric field intensity by a factor of 1,000. This huge change in the local field greatly alters the absorption and fluorescence emission of nearby molecules. This thesis will show that the fluorescence from an initially-poor single-molecule emitter can be enhanced by a factor of 1,300, allowing for the measurement of one highly enhanced molecule over a background of 1,000 unenhanced molecules. By extending this experiment to molecules in solution, dynamics of single molecules in concentrated solutions can also be measured. While bowtie nanoantennas act to concentrate light, light does not remain in the structure for long. The photonic crystal cavity can be used to trap and store light, which has interesting implications for molecular emitters located nearby. This thesis will show that molecules can be lithographically positioned onto a photonic crystal cavity and that the molecule's fluorescence emission is coupled to the cavity modes.

Author: Rudolf Rigler
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540739246
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 322

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Book Description
This book focuses on recent advances in the rapidly evolving field of single molecule research. These advances are of importance for the investigation of biopolymers and cellular biochemical reactions, and are essential to the development of quantitative biology. Written by leading experts in the field, the articles cover a broad range of topics, including quantum photonics of organic dyes and inorganic nanoparticles and monitoring of single molecule (enzymatic) reactions.

Author: Hind Abdellaoui
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9819923522
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 260

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Book Description
This book delves into the mechanical analysis of the nanomaterials and polymer nanocomposite materials by shedding light on the mechanical performance of nanomaterials, elasticity and viscoelasticity behaviors of polymer nanocomposites, the laminate and sandwich theories, durability and fatigue behaviors. The chapters in this book bring together leading experts in the field to provide an update of the latest scientific results and a fully holistic understanding of the mechanical performance of these materials. The book interests the academic and industrial researchers, R&D managers and engineers working in material and nanomaterial sciences, polymer science and technology, automotive and aerospace engineering, construction and sporting goods, etc. The book also targets the readers that may have no prior knowledge about composite and nanocomposite materials.

Author:
Publisher: Soffer Publishing
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 91

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Author: Loutfy H. Madkour
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030216217
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 814

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Book Description
This book presents synthesis techniques for the preparation of low-dimensional nanomaterials including 0D (quantum dots), 1D (nanowires, nanotubes) and 2D (thin films, few layers), as well as their potential applications in nanoelectronic systems. It focuses on the size effects involved in the transition from bulk materials to nanomaterials; the electronic properties of nanoscale devices; and different classes of nanomaterials from microelectronics to nanoelectronics, to molecular electronics. Furthermore, it demonstrates the structural stability, physical, chemical, magnetic, optical, electrical, thermal, electronic and mechanical properties of the nanomaterials. Subsequent chapters address their characterization, fabrication techniques from lab-scale to mass production, and functionality. In turn, the book considers the environmental impact of nanotechnology and novel applications in the mechanical industries, energy harvesting, clean energy, manufacturing materials, electronics, transistors, health and medical therapy. In closing, it addresses the combination of biological systems with nanoelectronics and highlights examples of nanoelectronic–cell interfaces and other advanced medical applications. The book answers the following questions: • What is different at the nanoscale? • What is new about nanoscience? • What are nanomaterials (NMs)? • What are the fundamental issues in nanomaterials? • Where are nanomaterials found? • What nanomaterials exist in nature? • What is the importance of NMs in our lives? • Why so much interest in nanomaterials? • What is at nanoscale in nanomaterials? • What is graphene? • Are pure low-dimensional systems interesting and worth pursuing? • Are nanotechnology products currently available? • What are sensors? • How can Artificial Intelligence (AI) and nanotechnology work together? • What are the recent advances in nanoelectronic materials? • What are the latest applications of NMs?

Author: Tadaaki Nagao
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3036501746
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 174

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Book Description
Infrared light radiates from almost all the matter on earth, and its strategic use will be an important issue for the enhancement of human life and the sustainable development of modern industry. Since its frequency is in the same region as phonons or molecular vibrations of materials, measuring its emission or absorption spectra helps us in characterizing and identifying materials in a non-destructive manner. Meanwhile, if we can spectroscopically design infrared emission by tuning chemical composition or artificially controlling nano- to mesoscale structures, this will have a great impact on industrial applications, such as thermophotovoltaics, energy-saving drying furnaces, spectroscopic infrared light sources, and various types of infrared sensors. In this Special Issue, we encourage submissions from researchers who are working on infrared nanophotonics based on MEMS/NEMS, and nanomaterials science, ranging from materials synthesis, to device fabrications, electromagnetic simulations, and thermal managements. Important topics of growing interest are wavelength-selective infrared emitters and detectors, where we can see rapid development in the fields of nano-plasmonics and metamaterials, and we invite such topics for inclusion in this Special Issue. We also encourage submissions on nano-materials science such as on graphene-based infrared detectors/emitters, and nanostructured narrow-band gap semiconductors.

Author: John P. Reece
Publisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781600212130
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 260

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Book Description
Nanotechnology is a 'catch-all' description of activities at the level of atoms and molecules that have applications in the real world. A manometer is a billionth of a meter, about 1/80,000 of the diameter of a human hair, or 10 times the diameter of a hydrogen atom. Nanotechnology is now used in precision engineering, new materials development as well as in electronics; electromechanical systems as well as mainstream biomedical applications in areas such as gene therapy, drug delivery and novel drug discovery techniques. This book presents the latest research in this frontier field.

Author: Baldassare Di Bartolo
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9400753136
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 470

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Book Description
This volume presents a considerable number of interrelated contributions dealing with the new scientific ability to shape and control matter and electromagnetic fields on a sub-wavelength scale. The topics range from the fundamental ones, such as photonic metamateriials, plasmonics and sub-wavelength resolution to the more applicative, such as detection of single molecules, tomography on a micro-chip, fluorescence spectroscopy of biological systems, coherent control of biomolecules, biosensing of single proteins, terahertz spectroscopy of nanoparticles, rare earth ion-doped nanoparticles, random lasing, and nanocoax array architecture. The various subjects bridge over the disciplines of physics, biology and chemistry, making this volume of interest to people working in these fields. The emphasis is on the principles behind each technique and on examining the full potential of each technique. The contributions that appear in this volume were presented at a NATO Advanced Study Institute that was held in Erice, Italy, 3-18 July, 2011. The pedagogical aspect of the Institute is reflected in the topics presented in this volume.

Author: Paras N. Prasad
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471670243
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 433

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Book Description
The only comprehensive treatment of nanophotonics currently available Photonics is an all-encompassing optical science and technology which has impacted a diverse range of fields, from information technology to health care. Nanophotonics is photonic science and technology that utilizes light-matter interactions on the nanoscale, where researchers are discovering new phenomena and developing technologies that go well beyond what is possible with conventional photonics and electronics. These new technologies could include efficient solar power generation, high-bandwidth and high-speed communications, high-capacity data storage, and flexible- and high-contrast displays. In addition, nanophotonics will continue to impact biomedical technologies by providing new and powerful diagnostic techniques, as well as light-guided and activated therapies. Nanophotonics provides the only available comprehensive treatment of this exciting, multidisciplinary field, offering a wide range of topics covering: * Foundations * Materials * Applications * Theory * Fabrication Nanophotonics introduces students to important and timely concepts and provides scientists and engineers with a cutting-edge reference. The book is intended for anyone who wishes to learn about light-matter interactions on the nanoscale, as well as applications of photonics for nanotechnology and nanobiotechnology. Written by an acknowledged leader in the field, this text provides an essential resource for those interested in the future of materials science and engineering, nanotechnology, and photonics.

Author: Stefan Enoch
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 364228079X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 331

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Book Description
This book deals with all aspects of plasmonics, basics, applications and advanced developments. Plasmonics is an emerging field of research dedicated to the resonant interaction of light with metals. The light/matter interaction is strongly enhanced at a nanometer scale which sparks a keen interest of a wide scientific community and offers promising applications in pharmacology, solar energy, nanocircuitry or also light sources. The major breakthroughs of this field of research originate from the recent advances in nanotechnology, imaging and numerical modelling. The book is divided into three main parts: extended surface plasmons polaritons propagating on metallic surfaces, surface plasmons localized on metallic particles, imaging and nanofabrication techniques. The reader will find in the book: Principles and recent advances of plasmonics, a complete description of the physics of surface plasmons, a historical survey with emphasize on the emblematic topic of Wood's anomaly, an overview of modern applications of molecular plasmonics and an extensive description of imaging and fabrications techniques.