Implication of Quorum Sensing System in Biofilm Formation and Virulence PDF Download

Author: Pallaval Veera Bramhachari
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811324298
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 381

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Book Description
This book illustrates the importance and significance of Quorum sensing (QS), it’s critical roles in regulating diverse cellular functions in microbes, including bioluminescence, virulence, pathogenesis, gene expression, biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. Microbes can coordinate population behavior with small molecules called autoinducers (AHL) which serves as a signal of cellular population density, triggering new patterns of gene expression for mounting virulence and pathogenesis. Therefore, these microbes have the competence to coordinate and regulate explicit sets of genes by sensing and communicating amongst themselves utilizing variety of signals. This book descry emphasizes on how bacteria can coordinate an activity and synchronize their response to external signals and regulate gene expression. The chapters of the book provide the recent advancements on various functional aspects of QS systems in different gram positive and gram negative organisms. Finally, the book also elucidates a comprehensive yet a representative description of a large number of challenges associated with quorum sensing signal molecules viz. virulence, pathogenesis, antibiotic synthesis, biosurfactants production, persister cells, cell signaling and biofilms, intra and inter-species communications, host-pathogen interactions, social interactions & swarming migration in biofilms.

Author: Pallaval Veera Bramhachari
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9813294094
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 327

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Book Description
The book illustrates the role of quorum sensing in the food industry, agriculture, veterinary sciences, and medicine. It highlights the importance of quorum sensing in regulating diverse cellular functions in microbes, including virulence, pathogenesis, controlled-gene expression systems, and antibiotic resistance. This book also describes the role of quorum sensing in survival behavior and antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Further, it reviews the major role played by quorum sensing in food spoilage, biofilm formation, and food-related pathogenesis. It also explores the methods for the detection and quantification of quorum sensing signals. It also presents antimicrobial and anti-quorum sensing activities of medicinal plants. Finally, the book elucidates a comprehensive yet representative description of basic and applied aspects of quorum sensing inhibitors. This book serves an ideal guide for researchers to understand the implications of quorum sensing in the food industry, medicine, and agriculture.

Author: Ryutaro Utsumi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387788859
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 257

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Book Description
This fascinating book encourages many microbiologists and students to enter the new world of signal transduction in microbiology. Over the past decade, a vast amount of exciting new information on the signal transduction pathway in bacteria has been unearthed.

Author: Vipin Chandra Kalia
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811308489
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 279

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Book Description
This book delves into the biotechnological applications of Quorum sensing (QS)- a peculiar gene-regulatory process of some microorganisms. Quorum Sensing allows a large bacterial population to work together in a coordinated manner to carry out metabolic activities, which individual bacterium cannot. The different chapters describe how, associating bioremediation process with energy generation is an economical proposal, for reducing pollution and managing biowastes. The book discusses how QS can be exploited for biotechnological applications in generating bioproducts, bioenergy, bioremediation, biosensors, health and agricultural activities. It further highlights how QS is becoming an integral part of synthetic biology for genetic circuits for producing: (i) novel products, (ii) biosensors, (iii) bioactive molecules, etc. The book is divided into different sections for a clear understanding of the applicability of QS in, the Environment, Energy, Agriculture and Health sectors.

Author: Tony Romeo
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540754180
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 302

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Book Description
Throughout the biological world, bacteria thrive predominantly in surface-attached, matrix-enclosed, multicellular communities or biofilms, as opposed to isolated planktonic cells. This choice of lifestyle is not trivial, as it involves major shifts in the use of genetic information and cellular energy, and has profound consequences for bacterial physiology and survival. Growth within a biofilm can thwart immune function and antibiotic therapy and thereby complicate the treatment of infectious diseases, especially chronic and foreign device-associated infections. Modern studies of many important biofilms have advanced well beyond the descriptive stage, and have begun to provide molecular details of the structural, biochemical, and genetic processes that drive biofilm formation and its dispersion. There is much diversity in the details of biofilm development among various species, but there are also commonalities. In most species, environmental and nutritional conditions greatly influence biofilm development. Similar kinds of adhesive molecules often promote biofilm formation in diverse species. Signaling and regulatory processes that drive biofilm development are often conserved, especially among related bacteria. Knowledge of such processes holds great promise for efforts to control biofilm growth and combat biofilm-associated infections. This volume focuses on the biology of biofilms that affect human disease, although it is by no means comprehensive. It opens with chapters that provide the reader with current perspectives on biofilm development, physiology, environmental, and regulatory effects, the role of quorum sensing, and resistance/phenotypic persistence to antimicrobial agents during biofilm growth.

Author: Saurabh Sudha Dhiman
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780841298606
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 308

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Book Description
New developments in researching quorum sensing Microbial growth affects industries as diverse as agriculture, engineering, and medicine, to name a few. As more precise solutions are needed for modern challenges, researchers must understand the mechanisms of microbial growth. Quorum sensing (QS) is an essential part of microbial growth, and this work contains key areas such as signal molecules; mechanisms of signal transfer, role, and type of signal receptors; quorum quenching; characterization of microbial plasmids in quorum sensing; and novel and underexplored molecules involved in QS, along with therapeutic roles of quorum sensing inhibitors. This volume is perfect for researchers working on microbiology or biotechnology.

Author: Deepti Somayajula
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Oral health is closely connected with the overall systemic health. Oral biofilms are dynamic and present a very specific bacterial community which affects oral health. Oral biofilms are directly associated with the major oral infections including caries and periodontal disease. Understanding the oral microbial community is important for preventing oral disease and maintaining oral and overall health. In the first part of this study, I have explored the pathogenic load for three microorganisms Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in companion cats and dogs. Results showed detectable levels of P. gingivalis and T. forsythia in both healthy and diseased cats and surprisingly the number was minimal in healthy dogs. A. actinomycetemcomitans was not detected in any healthy or diseased samples as this bacterium is found only in aggressive stages of Periodontitis. Quorum sensing (QS) system is a cell-cell signaling system that enables bacteria to interact with their neighboring cells and facilitates coordinated bacterial behavior in response to environmental changes. Gram-negative bacteria contain several quorum sensing systems in which different molecules are used as signals, including acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), cyclic dipeptides, autoinducers 2 and 3. The LuxI/LuxR-type quorum sensing system consists of a LuxI-like autoinducer synthase that produces AHLs as signals which are detected by a LuxR-type receptor upon exceeding a threshold concentration. The AHLs are detected through binding or activating cytoplasmic receptor proteins, which then dimerize to regulate transcription of downstream genes. P. gingivalis which demonstrated the strongest association with periodontal disease in our study of cats and dogs. P. gingivalis does not produce AHL but possesses many LuxR like homologs on its chromosome. One of these LuxR homologs is PGN_1373 which has been shown to affect the interaction between Streptococcus gordonii and P. gingivalis. Dialkyresorcinols encoded by dar gene has been previously demonstrated to bind to another luxR homolog PauR in Photorabdus asymbiotica. Porphyromonas gingivalis encodes for DarB which synthesizes Cyclohexanediones (CHDs). We hypothesized that CHD may bind to PGN_1373 and regulate virulence. Hence, I investigated the presence of a novel quorum-sensing molecule CHD synthesized by DarB and its effect on virulence factors and phenotype of Porphyromonas gingivalis. The High-Performance liquid chromatography results show that P. gingivalis secretes molecules like commercially available 1,3 cyclohexanediones. The addition of CHD extracellularly influenced expressed bacterial virulence genes at 100 μM and biofilm formation at 10 μM. The new DarB/PGN_1373 quorum sensing circuit may add to the existing pool of mechanisms regarding intra and interspecies communication in Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Author: Surajit Das
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128004827
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 641

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Book Description
Microbial Biodegradation and Bioremediation brings together experts in relevant fields to describe the successful application of microbes and their derivatives for bioremediation of potentially toxic and relatively novel compounds. This single-source reference encompasses all categories of pollutants and their applications in a convenient, comprehensive package. Our natural biodiversity and environment is in danger due to the release of continuously emerging potential pollutants by anthropogenic activities. Though many attempts have been made to eradicate and remediate these noxious elements, every day thousands of xenobiotics of relatively new entities emerge, thus worsening the situation. Primitive microorganisms are highly adaptable to toxic environments, and can reduce the load of toxic elements by their successful transformation and remediation. Describes many novel approaches of microbial bioremediation including genetic engineering, metagenomics, microbial fuel cell technology, biosurfactants and biofilm-based bioremediation Introduces relatively new hazardous elements and their bioremediation practices including oil spills, military waste water, greenhouse gases, polythene wastes, and more Provides the most advanced techniques in the field of bioremediation, including insilico approach, microbes as pollution indicators, use of bioreactors, techniques of pollution monitoring, and more

Author: Sadik Dincer
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1789858992
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 362

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Book Description
This book examines biofilms in nature. Organized into four parts, this book addresses biofilms in wastewater treatment, inhibition of biofilm formation, biofilms and infection, and ecology of biofilms. It is designed for clinicians, researchers, and industry professionals in the fields of microbiology, biotechnology, ecology, and medicine as well as graduate and postgraduate students.

Author: Ajay Kumar
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0323851649
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 513

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Book Description
Volatiles and Metabolites of Microbes compiles the latest research and advancement in the field of volatiles, metabolites synthesized from the microbial strains such as actinomycetes, bacteria, cyanobacteria, and fungal species and their potential applications in the field of healthcare issue and sustainable agriculture. There is an urgent need to explore new and advanced biological methods for health industries and sustainable agriculture and to protect the environment from environmental pollution or contaminates, global warming, and also control the health of human beings from the side effects of various pharmaceuticals products. Focusing all these factors, Volatiles and Metabolites of Microbes explores new aspects of microorganism in terms of volatiles, enzymes, bioactive compounds synthesized from the microbes and their potential applications in the field of sustainable agriculture and health-related issues Provides a broad aspect about volatiles, bioactive compounds, and secondary metabolites of microbes compiled in one cover Gives the latest research and advancement in the field of volatiles, secondary metabolites, and bioactive compounds synthesized from the different microbial strains Responds to new developments in the detection of the complex compound structures of volatiles Offers insight to a very broad audience in Biotechnology, Applied Microbiology, Agronomy, and Pathology