Impact of Long Term Zero Tillage in Wheat on Soil Properties and Water Productivity [With CD Copy] PDF Download

Author: Mamta Phogat
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 124

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Author: Meenakshi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 29

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Author: Anju
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 31

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Author: Sterling Robertson Olsen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soils
Languages : en
Pages : 20

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Author: Gurpreet Kaur
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781303459375
Category : Agronomy
Languages : en
Pages : 100

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Book Description
Conventionally tilled dryland winter wheat followed by a 14-month period of fallow is the predominant cropping system in the High Plains Ecoregion of Wyoming, USA. Although practical, the system seems to be inefficient as fallow has frequently less than 25% soil water storage efficiency with conventional tillage. The need for soil erosion reduction, maximization of soil water conservation, optimization of grain yields, and the reduction in production cost, may require the adoption of alternative cropping systems such as no-till and organic practices. The objectives of this research were to a) analyze the growth and development of dryland winter wheat under conventional, no-till and organic production practices b) determine the water use and water productivity of dryland winter wheat under conventional, no-till and organic production practices c) study the change in growth, development, water use and water productivity of winter wheat after two years of transition to organic from conventional and no-till and d) study the sustainability of conventional and no-till production practices for dryland winter wheat. A field experiment with three replicates was conducted at the University of Wyoming Sustainable Agricultural Research and Extension Center (SAREC), near Lingle, WY, USA. Soil moisture observations taken with a neutron probe were used to perform a soil water balance. The experimental data were used to calibrate the Cropping System Model (CSM)-CERES Wheat of the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) for studying the long term effects of no-till and conventional cropping systems. The calibrated model was then used to simulate soil water under no-till and conventional cropping systems and to investigate the cropping systems for yield and water productivity using management practices, soil and 27 years of historical weather data representing the southeastern region of Wyoming. There were significant differences in plant growth and development among all cropping systems. Conventional system had the highest yield and performed better in terms of growth and development as compared to the other systems whereas no-till results in lowest yield. No-till and organic systems were equally efficient in yield production. Wheat water use per season was higher (108 mm) in the conventional system than in the no till system (51 mm). Wheat water use (86 mm) in the organic system was not significantly different to either the conventional or the no-till systems. After two years of transition from conventional and no-till to organic, no significant differences were observed in terms of yield and water use between the transition to organic wheat and conventional/no-till wheat. The modeling component showed a good agreement between the observed and simulated crop yields. Our experimental and simulated results showed that water productivity of dryland winter wheat for southeastern Wyoming conditions was not affected by the cropping system. The long term simulations suggest that no-till system is more efficient in water conservation while producing yields comparable to conventional system. Further field studies should include alternative crops to fallow and their impact on soil moisture for the following wheat cycle.

Author: Manoj Kumar Jhariya
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811632073
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 873

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This edited book provides a comprehensive account of the sustainable intensification process through various forms of case studies and scientific approaches studied across the globe. It also focuses on the agroecosystem services and their subsequent management for ecological integrity. The book helps to understand the interconnection of food, nutrition, economic growth, and environmental security on the planet. It provides comprehensive information with photographic illustration and various other forms of scientific databases on sustainable intensification of agroecosystems. The book also supports decision-making, strategies, and policy formulation for effective implementation of sustainable intensification towards higher productivity along with maintenance and management of agroecosystem services. Proper sustainable intensification of agroecosystem services and their management by maintaining ecological harmony is the future prospect for sustainable development. High input agriculture gives rise to a high-energy footprint, agricultural pollution, resource depletion, loss of agro-biodiversity, and decline of human health. Through this connection, the sustainable intensification approach addresses the advanced food security, sustainability, and overall prosperity of humankind. The book is helpful for both undergraduate and postgraduate students, policymakers, the farming community, as well as the scientific community across the globe to understand the concept of sustainable intensification and its application in relevant fields for proper management of agroecosystems services.

Author: Somasundaram Jayaraman
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 981160827X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 626

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Book Description
Feeding the increasing global population, which is projected to reach ~10 billion by 2050, there has been increasing demands for more improved/sustainable agricultural management practices that can be followed by farmers to improve productivity without jeopardizing the environment and ecosystem. Indeed, about 95% of our food directly or indirectly comes from soil. It is a precious resource, and sustainable soil management is a critical socio–economic and environmental issue. Maintaining the environmental sustainability while the world is facing resource degradation, increasing climate change and population explosion is the current challenge of every food production sectors. Thus, there is an urgent need to evolve a holistic approach such as conservation agriculture to sustain higher crop productivity in the country without deteriorating soil health. Conservation Agriculture (CA), is a sustainable approach to manage agro–ecosystems in order to improve productivity, increase farm profitabilty and food security and also enhance the resource base and environment. Worldwide, it has been reported various benefits and prospects in adopting CA technologies in different agro-climatic conditions. Yet, CA in arid and semi-arid regions of India and parts of south Asia raises uncertainities due to its extreme climates, large scale residue burning, soil erosion and other constraints such as low water holding capacity, high potential evapotranspiration, etc . Thus, the proposed book has 30 chapters addressing all issues relevant to conservation agriculture/no-till farming system. The book also gives further strengthening existing knowledge in relation to soil physical, chemical and biological processes and health within close proximity of CA as well as machinery requirements. Moreover, the information on carbon (C) sequestration, C credits, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, mitigation of climate change effects and socio-economic view on CA under diverse ecologies namely rainfed, irrigated and hill eco-region is also deliberated. For large scale adoption of CA practices in South Asian region especially in India and other countries need dissemination of best-bet CA technologies for dominant soil types/cropping systems through participatory mode, strong linkages and institutional mechanism and public-private-policy support. We hope this book gives a comprehensive and clear picture about conservation agriculture/no-till farming and its associated problem, challenges, prospects and benefits. This book shall be highly useful reference material to researchers, scientists, students, farmers and land managers for efficient and sustainable management of natural resources.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural pollution
Languages : en
Pages : 152

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 1732

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Author: Muhammad Farooq
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319479288
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 574

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Book Description
This book is a ready reference on recent innovations in dryland agriculture and reinforces the understanding for its utilization to develop environmentally sustainable and profitable food production systems. It covers the basic concepts and history, components and elements, breeding and modelling efforts, and potential benefits, experiences, challenges and innovations relevant to agriculture in dryland areas around world.