Homogeneous Free Radical Polymerizations in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide PDF Download

Author: Zhibin Guan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Block copolymers
Languages : en
Pages : 392

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Author: Elise E. Maury
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbon dioxide
Languages : en
Pages : 342

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Book Description

Author: Joseph M. DeSimone
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0195154835
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 276

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Book Description
Annotation. Introduction, J. Young, J. DeSimone, and W. TumasPart I: Catalysis and Chemical Synthesis in CO21. Phase behavior and its effects on reactions in liquid and supercritical CO2, L.A. Blanchard et al. 2. Advances in homogeneous, heterogeneous and biphasic metal catalyzed reactions in dense phase carbon dioxide, T. Ikariya et al. 3. CO2 as a reactant and solvent in catalysis, T. Ikariya and R. Noyori4. Free radical chemistry in supercritical CO2, J.M. Tanko5. Fluorous phases and compressed carbon dioxide as alternative solvents for chemical synthesis: a comparison, W. Leitner6. Enzyme chemistry in carbon dioxide, R.L. Rodney and A.J. RussellPart II: Polymers in CO27. Solubility of polymers in CO2, M. McHugh8. Interfacial phenomena with CO2-soluble surfactants, K. Johnston et al. 9. Synthesis and characterization of polymers: From polymeric micelles to step growth polymerizations, J. Young and J. DeSimone10. Preparation and studies of polymer/polymer composites prepared using supercritical carbon dioxide, E. Kung, A.J. Lesser, and T.J. McCarthy11. Rheological properties of polymers modified with CO2, C.W. Manke and E. GulariPart III: Industrial Processes and Applications Utilizing CO212. Coatings from liquid and supercritical CO2, Y. Chernyak et al. 13. Dry cleaning with liquid CO2, G. Stewart14. Selective and complete hydrogenation of vegetable oils and free fatty acids in supercritical fluids, T. Tacke, S. Wieland, and P. Panster15. Supercritical CO2 enhancement of cemented materials, C. Taylor, J. Rubin, and B. Carey.

Author: Maartje F. Kemmere
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527607056
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 358

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Book Description
Recently, supercritical fluids have emerged as more sustainable alternatives for the organic solvents often used in polymer processes. This is the first book emphasizing the potential of supercritical carbon dioxide for polymer processes from an engineering point of view. It develops a state-of-the-art overview on polymer fundamentals, polymerization reactions and polymer processing in supercritical carbon dioxide. The book covers topics in a multidisciplinary approach starting from polymer chemistry and thermodynamics, going through monitoring, polymerization processes and ending with polymer shaping and post-processing. The authors are internationally recognized experts from different fields in polymer reaction engineering in supercritical fluids. The book was initiated by the Working Party on Polymer Reaction Engineering of the European Federation of Chemical Engineering and further renowned international experts.

Author: Joseph M. DeSimone
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190288612
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 288

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Book Description
Chemists have been researching the potential of liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide for environmentally safe applications. This edited volume will cover the various applications of using these forms of carbon dioxide. The three main areas of focus are catalysis and chemical synthesis in CO2, polymers in CO2, and industrial processes and applications utilizing CO2. The book is aimed at researchers in academia and industry, and the contributors are all experts in the field.

Author: Benjamin Monte Marshall
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Addition polymerization
Languages : en
Pages : 180

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Book Description

Author: E. Kiran
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401139296
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 602

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Book Description
Supercritical fluids are neither gas nor liquid, but can be compressed gradually from low to high density and they are therefore interesting and important as tunable solvents and reaction media in the chemical process industry. By adjusting the density the properties of these fluids can be customised and manipulated for a given process - physical or chemical transformation. Separation and processing using supercritical solvents such as CO2 are currently on-line commercially in the food, essential oils and polymer industries. Many agencies and industries are considering the use of supercritical water for waste remediation. Supercritical fluid chromatography represents another, major analytical application. Significant advances have recently been made in materials processing, ranging from particle formation to the creation of porous materials. The chapters in this book provide tutorial accounts of topical areas centred around: (1) phase equilibria, thermodynamics and equations of state; (2) critical behaviour, crossover effects; (3) transport and interfacial properties; (4) molecular modelling, computer simulation; (5) reactions, spectroscopy; (6) phase separation kinetics; (7) extractions; (8) applications to polymers, pharmaceuticals, natural materials and chromatography; (9) process scale-up.

Author: M. Aresta
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401702454
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 422

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Book Description
Carbon Dioxide Recovery and Utilization is a complete and informative resource on the carbon dioxide sources and market at the European Union level, with reference to the world situation. The book covers the following themes: - Sources of carbon dioxide and their purity, - Market of carbon dioxide and its uses, - Separation techniques of carbon dioxide from flue gases, - Analysis of the potential of each technique and application, - Basic science and technology of supercritical CO2, - Reactions in supercritical CO2 and its use as reactive solvent, - Utilization of CO2 in the synthesis of chemicals with low energy input, - Conversion of CO2 into fuels: existing techniques, - Dry reforming of methane, - Assessment of the use of carbon dioxide for the synthesis of methanol. This book is unique in providing integrated information and a perspective on innovative technologies for the use of carbon dioxide. The book is suitable for use as a textbook for courses in chemical engineering and chemistry. It is also of great interest as a general reference for those involved with technologies for avoiding carbon dioxide production and for economists. This is an invaluable reference for specialists on synthetic chemistry, gas separation, supercritical fluids, carbon dioxide marketing, renewable energy and sustainable development. In addition, it will be useful for those working in the chemical industry and for policy makers for carbon dioxide mitigation, innovative technologies, carbon recycling, and power generation.

Author: Vannessa Goodship
Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing
ISBN: 9781859574942
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 152

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Book Description
SCFs are currently the subjects of intense research and commercial interest. Applications such as the RESS (rapid expansion of supercritical fluid solutions) process are part of standard industrial practice. In view of their ever-growing importance in the polymer industry there is a need to fully comprehend how supercritical fluids interrelate with polymeric materials to realise the potential that can be gained from their use. The authors review the basic principles of SCFs and their application within the polymer industry: characteristics and properties, extraction of unwanted residual products, polymerisation solvents, and polymer impregnation. Processing applications such as plasticisation, foaming and blending are also considered. There is discussion of the potential within the polymer recycling industry for use of SCFs as cleaning agents or within supercritical oxidation processes. Around 400 references with abstracts from recent global literature accompany this review, sourced from the Polymer Library, to facilitate further reading. A subject index and a company index are included.

Author: Jianing Li
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
This thesis describes the conventional free radical and RAFT polymerisation in supercritical carbon dioxide (scC02) expanded phase and polymerisation of isoprene towards the synthesis of squalene. Chapter 1 gives a general introduction to the methods employed in this thesis. This chapter is consisted of two parts: polymerisation techniques and polymerisation in SCC02. Since the main technique used in this work includes reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT), atom chain transfer polymerisation (ATRP) and catalytic chain transfer polymerisation (CCTP), a thorough description of these methods are provided. Furthermore, as SCC02 is used, its features and applications are described. Chapter 2 provides a description of the experimental process and the analytical techniques adopted in this project. The high pressure vessels are described in detail. Chapter 3 explores the free radical polymerisation (FRP) with a conventional chain transfer agent (CTA) - dodecyl mercaptan (DDM) in scC02 expanded phase. The molecular weight effect on this system is discussed. Polymerisations were conducted with various monomer/scCO2 ratios, temperatures and pressures. A range of monomers are explored, including methyl methacrylate (MMA), styrene, vinyl acetate (VAc), vinyl pivalate (VPi) and acrylic acid (AA). The morphology and appearance of the products are also discussed. This work is extended to controlled/pseudo-living radical polymerisation using RAFT as control agent. The reactions are conducted with different target molecular weights. The polymerisation kinetics and end-group functionality are examined. Finally, the thermal stability of products is compared with the DDM terminated polymers. Chapter 5 describes the synthesis of poly(isoprene) (PI) to replace squalene/squalane for cosmetic applications. The reactions are conducted in both conventional solvents and scC02 expanded phase. Different polymerisation techniques are used, including CCTP, RAFT, ATRP and RATRP. The CCTP process is successfully scaled up and the products are hydrogenated to yield squalane for application tests. Chapter 6 summarises the research presented in this thesis and overall conclusions are provided.