Author: M.H. van Agteren Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401590621 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 463
Book Description
The introduction of synthetic organic chemicals into the environment during the last few decades has given rise to major concern about the ecotoxicological effects and ultimate fate of these compounds. The pollutants that are considered to be most hazardous because of their intrinsic toxicity, high exposure level, or recalcitrant behavior in the environment have been placed on blacklists and other policy priority lists. The fate of synthetic compounds that enter the environment is mainly determined by their rate of biodegradation, which therefore also has a major effect on the degree of bioaccumulation and the risk of ecotoxicological effects. The degree and rate of biodegradation is also of critical importance for the feasibility of biological techniques to clean up contaminated sites and waste streams. The biodegradation of xenobiotics has thus been the subject of numerous studies, which resulted in thousands of publications in scientific journals, books, and conference proceedings. These studies led to a deeper understanding of the diversity of biodegradation processes. As a result, it has become possible to enhance the rate of degradation of recalcitrant pollutants during biological treatment and to design completely new treatment processes. At present, much work is being done to expand the range of pollutants to which biodegradation can be applied, and to make treatment techniques less expensive and better applicable for waste streams which are difficult to handle.
Author: M.H. van Agteren Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9789401590631 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 493
Book Description
The introduction of synthetic organic chemicals into the environment during the last few decades has given rise to major concern about the ecotoxicological effects and ultimate fate of these compounds. The pollutants that are considered to be most hazardous because of their intrinsic toxicity, high exposure level, or recalcitrant behavior in the environment have been placed on blacklists and other policy priority lists. The fate of synthetic compounds that enter the environment is mainly determined by their rate of biodegradation, which therefore also has a major effect on the degree of bioaccumulation and the risk of ecotoxicological effects. The degree and rate of biodegradation is also of critical importance for the feasibility of biological techniques to clean up contaminated sites and waste streams. The biodegradation of xenobiotics has thus been the subject of numerous studies, which resulted in thousands of publications in scientific journals, books, and conference proceedings. These studies led to a deeper understanding of the diversity of biodegradation processes. As a result, it has become possible to enhance the rate of degradation of recalcitrant pollutants during biological treatment and to design completely new treatment processes. At present, much work is being done to expand the range of pollutants to which biodegradation can be applied, and to make treatment techniques less expensive and better applicable for waste streams which are difficult to handle.
Author: A.H. Neilson Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9783540420644 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 372
Book Description
This volume, written by a range of international experts, covers a wide range of topics involving organic fluorine compounds. Each chapter is preceded by a summary and includes extensive illustrations and references. The chapters cover atmospheric chemistry, application of 19F NMR, partition, degradation and transformation, naturally occurring organic fluorine compounds, toxicology of perfluoroalkanes and phosphorofluoridates, and application of aromatic compounds to the elucidation of the mechanism of cytochrome P450.
Author: P.J. Bert Hakkinen Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 008053466X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 953
Book Description
Information Resources in Toxicology, Third Edition is a sourcebook for anyone who needs to know where to find toxicology information. It provides an up-to-date selective guide to a large variety of sources--books, journals, organizations, audiovisuals, internet and electronic sources, and more. For the Third Edition, the editors have selected, organized, and updated the most relevant information available. New information on grants and other funding opportunities, physical hazards, patent literature, and technical reports have also been added.This comprehensive, time-saving tool is ideal for toxicologists, pharmacologists, drug companies, testing labs, libraries, poison control centers, physicians, legal and regulatory professionals, and chemists. - Serves as an all-in-one resource for toxicology information - New edition includes information on publishers, grants and other funding opportunities, physical hazards, patent literature, and technical reports - Updated to include the latest internet and electronic sources, e-mail addresses, etc. - Provides valuable data about the new fields that have emerged within toxicological research; namely, the biochemical, cellular, molecular, and genetic aspects
Author: Ferhan Çeçen Publisher: IWA Publishing ISBN: 178040770X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 400
Book Description
Hazardous pollutants are a growing concern in treatment engineering. In the past, biological treatment was mainly used for the removal of bulk organic matter and the nutrients nitrogen and phosphorous. However, relatively recently the issue of hazardous pollutants, which are present at very low concentrations in wastewaters and waters but are very harmful to both ecosystems and humans, is becoming increasingly important. Today, treatment of hazardous pollutants in the water environment becomes a challenge as the water quality standards become stricter. Hazardous Pollutants in Biological Treatment Systems focuses entirely on hazardous pollutants in biological treatment and gives an elaborate insight into their fate and effects during biological treatment of wastewater and water. Currently, in commercial and industrial products and processes, thousands of chemicals are used that reach water. Many of those chemicals are carcinogens, mutagens, endocrine disruptors and toxicants. Therefore, water containing hazardous pollutants should be treated before discharged to the environment or consumed by humans. This book first addresses the characteristics, occurrence and origin of hazardous organic and inorganic pollutants. Then, it concentrates on the fate and effects of these pollutants in biological wastewater and drinking water treatment units. It also provides details about analysis of hazardous pollutants, experimental methodologies, computational tools used to assist experiments, evaluation of experimental data and examination of microbial ecology by molecular microbiology and genetic tools. Hazardous Pollutants in Biological Treatment Systems is an essential resource to the researcher or the practitioner who is already involved with hazardous pollutants and biological processes or intending to do so. The text will also be useful for professionals working in the field of water and wastewater treatment.
Author: Aleksandar Sabljic Publisher: EOLSS Publications ISBN: 1848261861 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 422
Book Description
Environmental and Ecological Chemistry is a component of Encyclopedia of Chemical Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The Theme on Environmental and Ecological Chemistry prsents the essential aspects such as: Fundamental Environmental Chemistry; Atmospheric Chemistry; Soil Chemistry; Aquatic Chemistry; Ecological Chemistry; Chemistry of Organic Pollutants Including Agrochemicals. These volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.
Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9264078509 Category : Languages : en Pages : 191
Book Description
This document contains the report from the OECD/UNEP Workshop on the Use of Multimedia Models for Estimating Overall Persistence and Long-range Transport in the Context of PBTs/POPs Assessment, held on 29-31 October 2001 in Ottawa, Canada, together ...
Author: Anne Marie Fouillac Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 9780470749692 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 450
Book Description
Groundwater is sometimes called “the hidden asset” – awareness of its existence and its importance is not well known and as a consequence the measures which are required to protect and manage it in an environmental sustainable way are either not taken or are taken too late. Where pollution has occurred and measures are taken too late it may take decades, or longer, until the necessary restoration of quality is achieved. This comprehensive text presents in the following sections: Groundwater monitoring in the regulatory and international context Conceptual modelling and network design Groundwater pollutants and other pressures Groundwater quality standards and trend assessment Case studies for groundwater assessment and monitoring in the light of EU legislation Groundwater measurements Associating external stakeholders The editors have collected state-of-the-art information on groundwater quality assessment monitoring from the international community, providing further stimulation to the work of all parties involved in the challenges this area creates to ensure sound quality assessment of groundwater.
Author: Frank A. Swartjes Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9048197570 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1121
Book Description
This standard work on contaminated site management covers the whole chain of steps involved in dealing with contaminated sites, from site investigation to remediation. An important focus throughout the book is on Risk Assessment. In addition, the book includes chapters on characterisation of natural and urban soils, bioavailability, natural attenuation, policy and stakeholder viewpoints and Brownfields. Typically, the book includes in-depth theories on soil contamination, along with offering possibilities for practical applications. More than sixty of the world’s top experts from Europe, the USA, Australia and Canada have contributed to this book. The twenty-five chapters in this book offer relevant information for experienced scientists, students, consultants and regulators, as well as for ‘new players’ in contaminated site management
Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9264079130 Category : Languages : en Pages : 83
Book Description
This Guidance Document concerns using multimedia models, i.e. generic evaluative models that can calculate overall environmental persistence (Pov) and potential for long-range transport (LTRP) covering multiple compartments such as air, water, sediment and soil.
Author: M.H. van Agteren
Author: M.H. van Agteren
Author: A.H. Neilson
Author: P.J. Bert Hakkinen
Author: Ferhan Çeçen
Author: Aleksandar Sabljic
Author: OECD
Author: Anne Marie Fouillac
Author: Frank A. Swartjes
Author: OECD