A Guide to the Study of Lichens PDF Download

Author: Albert Schneider
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Lichen-forming fungi
Languages : en
Pages : 280

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Author: Annie Lorrain Smith
Publisher: DigiCat
ISBN:
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 507

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Book Description
"Lichens" by Annie Lorrain Smith Annie Lorrain Smith's textbook "Lichens" has been largely considered by biologists to be a foundational educational text on this particular area of mycology. As a leading scientist in the field at the time of writing this 1921 text, it served as the gold standard for students studying lichens for decades. Though her work has been updated due to the advances science has made in the century since its first publication, Smith's work is still highly regarded as an important part of the history of biology.

Author: Ilse Kranner
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540411390
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 608

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Book Description
As an intricate association between a fungus and one or more green algae or cyanobacteria, lichens are one of the most successful examples of symbiosis. These fascinating organisms survive extreme desiccation and temperatures. They are adapted to a great variety of habitats, from coastal fog zones of deserts to intertidal zones, from plant leaves in tropical rain forests to the glacial moraines of the Himalayas, and they are dominant components of communities in circumpolar ecosystems. Possibly, because of their tendency to grow in nutrient-poor habitats, lichens are extremely efficient accumulators of atmospherically deposited pollutants, and are therefore widely used to monitor environmental pollution. The wide range of secondary products only found in lichens show pharmaceutically interesting fungicidal, antibacterial and antiviral properties. Lichens are extremely difficult to culture, grow very slowly, and their secondary metabolites very often complicate the analyses of other compounds. As a result, they require special techniques. This manual provides well-tested protocols, including tissue culture protocols and methods for studying lichen ultrastructure, (eco)physiology, primary and secondary compounds, and nucleic acids. Protocols for using lichens to monitor environmental pollution and to document lichen biodiversity are also provided. Special terms used in lichenology are explained in a glossary.

Author: Vernon Ahmadijian
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323143091
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 712

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Book Description
The Lichens covers the structure and development, physiology of the intact thallus, environmental response and effects, secondary metabolic products, and symbiont interactions of lichens. This book is divided into five parts encompassing 19 chapters. It also includes appendices consist of a taxonomic scheme, methods for isolating and culturing lichen symbionts and thalli, and methods for isolating and identifying lichen substances. The first part of this book describes the original fungal cell and its development into specialized cells of which the various tissues and thalli are composed. This is followed by discussions on sexual reproduction of ascolichens and basidiolichens and on systematic criteria for the definition of taxa in different hierarchical steps. This book also explains the types of propagules produced by lichens and the submicroscopical investigations of lichens, including phycobiont and mycobionts' substructure and symbiotic relationship. The second part of this book examines the physiological aspects of lichens. It includes discussions on metal cation uptake and translocation in vascular plants and on lichens' role in rock weathering and soil formation. This part also studies photosynthetic rates and nitrogen absorption and metabolism by the intact thallus of lichens. Succeeding chapters discuss physiological and morphological responses of lichens to the most important environmental factors and the relationship of these factors to lichen distribution. Substrate preferences of lichens and their causes and implications with regard to the ecology, distribution, and taxonomy of lichens are also examined. This text also discusses lichen thalli growth, methods of measurement, and factors influencing growth. Finally, the concluding parts deal with the biosynthesis of lichen substances, secondary metabolic products, and symbiotic relations of lichens to fungi and algae. This multi-authored book is an ideal source of information for researchers, teachers, and students who wish to broaden their knowledge in the diversity of lichenology.

Author: Henry Willey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Lichen-forming fungi
Languages : en
Pages : 540

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Author: Dalip Kumar Upreti
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 8132222350
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 240

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Book Description
This book discusses in detail molecular, mycobiont culture, biomonitoring and bioprospection of lichens, providing insights into advances in different fields of lichenology by applying modern techniques and approaches and examining how their application has enhanced or changed classical approaches. It offers a valuable resource, especially for beginners, students and researchers from different academic backgrounds interested in the study of lichens. In recent years, the introduction of modern analytical techniques and approaches has significantly improved our understanding of the environment, including lichens. Lichens are unique organisms which possess untapped potential as effective and reliable bioindicators, sources of therapeutic phytochemicals, and as excellent extremophiles. The unique and peculiar characteristics of lichens underline the need for a multidimensional approach to explore their potential in various fields of environment science, botany and chemistry. Modern techniques, especially molecular techniques, have greatly enriched the field of lichen taxonomy and its position in the plant kingdom, revealing little-known species and exploring their evolutionary history, while multivariate analysis and GIS approaches have established lichens as an ideal and reliable tool for monitoring air pollution. Advanced culture techniques have expanded the pharmacological applications of lichens, which was formerly restricted due to their small biomass. The advent of sophisticated analytical instrumentation has now facilitated the isolation and characterization of lichens’ bioactive constituents, even in lower concentrations, as well as the estimation of their stress responses at different levels of pollution. As lichen diversity is adversely affected by increasing air pollution, there is a pressing need to develop effective management practices to conserve, restore and document lichen diversity.

Author: ALBERT. SCHNEIDER
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781033553350
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Author: Henry Willey
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781332219513
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 66

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Book Description
Excerpt from An Introduction to the Study of Lichens: With a Supplement and Ten Plates My object in writing the following pages has been, first, to give a general answer, to the best of my ability, to questions which are frequently addressed to me, to which I cannot devote the time to reply to individually; and second, to prepare the way in some measure for the study of the great writers on the subject, and especially of the late Professor Tuckerman, whose works, in the present state of our knowledge, are the best authority and guide to the American student. If these objects shall in any degree have been accomplished, my aim will have been reached. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Author: Ashoke Kumar Das
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1394190670
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 356

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Book Description
Understand the properties and applications of one of the world’s most ubiquitous flora Lichen is a single entity comprising two or more organisms—most typically algae and fungus—in a symbiotic relationship. It is one of the planet’s most abundant categories of flora, with over 25,000 known species across all regions of the globe. Lichens’ status as a rich source of bioactive metabolites and phytochemicals, as well as their potential as bio-indicators, has given them an increasingly prominent role in modern research into medicine, cosmetics, food, and more. Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology of Lichen provides a comprehensive overview of these bountiful flora and their properties. It provides not only in-depth analysis of lichen physiology and ecology, but also a thorough survey of their modern and growing applications. It provides all the tools readers need to domesticate lichen and bring their properties to bear on some of humanity’s most intractable scientific problems. Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology of Lichen readers will also find: Applications of lichen in fields ranging from food to cosmetics to nanoscience and beyond Detailed discussion of topics including lichen as habitats for other organisms, lichens as anticancer drugs, antimicrobial properties of lichen, and many more Detailed discussion on key bioactive compounds from lichens Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology of Lichen is ideal for scientists and researchers in ethnobotany, pharmacology, chemistry, and biology, as well as teachers and students with an interest in biologically important lichens.

Author: Vernon Ahmadjian
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471578857
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 274

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Book Description
Not only an invaluable reference to what is known about lichen bionts and their interactions but also a guide to future studies. Compares various aspects of lichen-forming bionts with those of other fungi, algae and cyanobacteria. Features in-depth descriptions of culture methods. Includes over 1000 references representing a selective sampling in such subjects as air pollution, photosynthesis and respiration.