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Author: Klaus Lorenz Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319923188 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 397
Book Description
A comprehensive book on basic processes of soil C dynamics and the underlying factors and causes which determine the technical and economic potential of soil C sequestration. The book provides information on the dynamics of both inorganic (lithogenic and pedogenic carbonates) and organic C (labile, intermediate and passive). It describes different types of agroecosystems, and lists questions at the end of each chapter to stimulate thinking and promote academic dialogue. Each chapter has a bibliography containing up-to-date references on the current research, and provides the state-of-the-knowledge while also identifying the knowledge gaps for future research. The critical need for restoring C stocks in world soils is discussed in terms of provisioning of essential ecosystem services (food security, carbon sequestration, water quality and renewability, and biodiversity). It is of interest to students, scientists, and policy makers.
Author: Klaus Lorenz Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319923188 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 397
Book Description
A comprehensive book on basic processes of soil C dynamics and the underlying factors and causes which determine the technical and economic potential of soil C sequestration. The book provides information on the dynamics of both inorganic (lithogenic and pedogenic carbonates) and organic C (labile, intermediate and passive). It describes different types of agroecosystems, and lists questions at the end of each chapter to stimulate thinking and promote academic dialogue. Each chapter has a bibliography containing up-to-date references on the current research, and provides the state-of-the-knowledge while also identifying the knowledge gaps for future research. The critical need for restoring C stocks in world soils is discussed in terms of provisioning of essential ecosystem services (food security, carbon sequestration, water quality and renewability, and biodiversity). It is of interest to students, scientists, and policy makers.
Author: M. T. Abberton Publisher: Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 352
Book Description
This book profiles 13 contributions by some of the world's most active scientists on the subject of measuring soil carbon in grassland systems and sustainable grassland management practices. While many different aspects of carbon sequestration in grasslands are covered, many gaps in our knowledge are also revealed, and it is hoped that this book will promote discussion, prompt further research, contribute to develop global and national grassland strategies and contribute to sustainable production intensification.
Author: Richard Theodore Conant Publisher: Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) ISBN: Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 68
Book Description
The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Author: L. 't Mannetje Publisher: BRILL ISBN: 9086866328 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 221
Book Description
"The increasing scientific consensus on global warming, together with the precautionary principle and the fear of non-linear climate transitions is leading to increasing action to mitigate global warming. To help mitigate global warming, carbon storage by forests is often mentioned as the only or the best way to reduce the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. This book presents evidence that tropical grasslands, which cover 50% of the earth’s surface, are as important as forests for the sequestration of carbon. Results are reported of a large five year on-farm research project carried out in Latin America (Colombia, Costa Rica). Soil and vegetation carbon stocks of long-established pasture, fodder bank and silvopastoral systems on commercial farms were compared with those of adjacent forest and degraded land. The objective was to identify production systems that both increase livestock productivity and farm income and, at the same time, contribute to a reduction of carbon accumulation in the atmosphere. The project was carried out in four ecosystems: the Andean hillsides of the semi-evergreen forest in Colombia; the Colombian humid Amazonian tropical forest ecosystem; the sub-humid tropical forest ecosystem on the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica; and the humid tropical forest ecosystem on the Atlantic Coast of Costa Rica. The book is recommended reading for research and teaching scientists and policy makers with an interest to mitigating global warming."
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309484529 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 511
Book Description
To achieve goals for climate and economic growth, "negative emissions technologies" (NETs) that remove and sequester carbon dioxide from the air will need to play a significant role in mitigating climate change. Unlike carbon capture and storage technologies that remove carbon dioxide emissions directly from large point sources such as coal power plants, NETs remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere or enhance natural carbon sinks. Storing the carbon dioxide from NETs has the same impact on the atmosphere and climate as simultaneously preventing an equal amount of carbon dioxide from being emitted. Recent analyses found that deploying NETs may be less expensive and less disruptive than reducing some emissions, such as a substantial portion of agricultural and land-use emissions and some transportation emissions. In 2015, the National Academies published Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration, which described and initially assessed NETs and sequestration technologies. This report acknowledged the relative paucity of research on NETs and recommended development of a research agenda that covers all aspects of NETs from fundamental science to full-scale deployment. To address this need, Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration: A Research Agenda assesses the benefits, risks, and "sustainable scale potential" for NETs and sequestration. This report also defines the essential components of a research and development program, including its estimated costs and potential impact.
Author: Asian Development Bank Publisher: Asian Development Bank ISBN: 9292543881 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 78
Book Description
The majority of the People's Republic of China's 3.9 million square kilometers of grasslands are degraded and contribute to the emission of greenhouse gases. Restoring degraded grasslands and increasing the efficiency of forage utilization are key strategies for addressing sustainable grassland management. To balance carbon sequestration and livestock production objectives, changes in grazing and livestock management are required. This publication summarizes potential technical measures to increase carbon sequestration and reduce the intensity of greenhouse gas emissions from grassland-based animal husbandry. Carbon finance may help provide an incentive for some mitigation activities such as restoring degraded grasslands and increasing the efficiency of forage utilization.
Book Description
This text presents edited key papers from the International Symposium on Grassland Ecophyisiology and Grazing Ecology held in Curitiba, Brazil in August 1999. It considers how plants within grasslands respond to and are adapted to grazing animals.
Author: Probir K. Ghosh Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811396280 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 446
Book Description
Soil organic carbon (SOC), a key component of the global carbon (C) pool, plays an important role in C cycling, regulating climate, water supplies and biodiversity, and therefore in providing the ecosystem services that are essential to human well-being. Most agricultural soils in temperate regions have now lost as much as 60% of their SOC, and as much as 75% in tropical regions, due to conversion from natural ecosystems to agricultural uses and mainly due to continuous soil degradation. Sequestering C can help to offset C emissions from fossil fuel combustion and other C-emitting activities, while also enhancing soil quality and long-term agronomic productivity. However, developing effective policies for creating terrestrial C sinks is a serious challenge in tropical and subtropical soils, due to the high average annual temperatures in these regions. It can be accomplished by implementing improved land management practices that add substantial amounts of biomass to soil, cause minimal soil disturbance, conserve soil and water, improve soil structure, and enhance soil fauna activity. Continuous no-till crop production is arguably the best example. These soils need technically sound and economically feasible strategies to sustainably enhance their SOC pools. Hence, this book provides comprehensive information on SOC and its management in different land-use systems, with a focus on preserving soils and their ecosystem services. The only book of its kind, it offers a valuable asset for students, researchers, policymakers and other stakeholders involved in the sustainable development and management of natural resources at the global level.
Author: Marya Jean McKee Publisher: ISBN: Category : Grasslands Languages : en Pages : 348
Book Description
The capture, conversion, and long-term storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) as soil organic carbon (SOC), a process known as soil C sequestration, is a possible solution to the current and ever-increasing threat of rising greenhouse gas emissions and global climate change. Tallgrass prairies, which once historically covered the country, are known to accumulate and sequester large amounts of C from the atmosphere deep within the soil, due to their extensive rooting systems. The purpose of this research was to increase understanding of soil C sequestration dynamics and general functioning in disappearing native grassland ecosystems within Arkansas, as well as the effects of physiographic region (Ozark Highlands and Grand Prairie Regions), soil moisture regime (udic and aquic), landuse (agriculturally managed and native undisturbed), and years under restoration on soil properties in native grassland ecosystems and other types of managed soils, in order to enhance soil rehabilitation and ecosystem restoration projects. Soil samples were collected from the top 10 cm in 2001/2002 or 2005 and again in 2016/2017 and the change over time was directly quantified for soil bulk density, pH, electrical conductivity, soil organic matter (SOM), total C (TC), total nitrogen (TN), and the fraction of TC and TN in SOM. Results indicate greater soil C sequestration occurring in the relatively cooler and drier climate of the Ozark Highlands compared to the Grand Prairie region. Despite the native prairie losing soil C at a rate of 4.7 Mg ha-1 yr-1 over the 15-year duration of the study, likely due to the effects of severe ecosystem fragmentation, soil C storage in 2016 was more than 2.5 times greater in the native prairie than in the cultivated agroecosystems in the Grand Prairie. Soil properties within the restoration study generally behaved as expected, with beneficial decreases in soil BD and increases in SOM, TC, TN, and TC and TN fractions of SOM occurring over time as restoration age increased and tended towards that in the native prairie. The soil C sequestration rate obtained for the restoration study through linear regression analysis was much lower (i.e. 0.0033 Mg C ha-1 yr-1) than the rate acquired through direct measurement over the 12-yr sampling period, which ranged from -0.21 to 0.12 Mg C ha-1 yr-1, implying that linear regression among soil C contents and ecosystem age can lead to potential substantial underestimations of soil C sequestration occurring in prairie restorations. This research demonstrates the value of direct measurements over time for assessing temporal changes in soil properties so that results can be used to guide expectations of the effects of physiographic region and soil moisture regime for future restoration activities to be as successful as possible.
Author: Klaus Lorenz
Author: Klaus Lorenz
Author: M. T. Abberton
Author: Richard Theodore Conant
Author: L. 't Mannetje
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: Asian Development Bank
Author: Gilles Lemaire
Author: Probir K. Ghosh
Author: David J. Gibson
Author: Marya Jean McKee