Les trajectoires de l'innovation technologique et la construction européenne PDF Download

Author: Christophe Bouneau
Publisher: Peter Lang
ISBN: 9789052016054
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : fr
Pages : 268

View

Book Description
Le processus d'intégration européenne a été interconnecté avec science et technologie seulement apparemment au cours de la dernière décennie. Au contraire, dès les années 1950 les États membres de la CEE et ses potentiels candidats ont été engagés dans différents projets et tentatives de coopération dans les secteurs de la science et la technologie. Les gouvernements nationaux non seulement choisirent la voie intergouvernementale, mais ils essayèrent de profiter du cadre communautaire. Ces tentatives ont produit d'autres projets débattus au niveau de la CEE sur la standardisation de l'automobile ou sur l'énergie nucléaire et les solutions à crise pétrolière, la coopération européenne a été expérimentée avec succès dans d'autres secteurs mais non seulement dans le « berceau » communautaire, tels que l'aéronautique ou les réseaux électriques. Ces expériences et débats sur la construction européenne techno-scientifique ont été confrontés à la compétition transatlantique, et même à celle intra-européenne. En tous cas, comme les plus récents développements semblent prouver, l'Union européenne est destinée à jouer un rôle d'innovateur technologique. Grâce à une approche historique transnationale et interdisciplinaire, serions-nous capables de suggérer quel rôle, et selon quelles trajectoires ? Ostensibly the European integration process has been interconnected with science and technology only in the last decade. On the other hand, since the 1950s EEC member states and would-be members have been engaged in several projects and attempts to cooperate in science and technology. National governments not only chose the intergovernmental way, but also they tried to take advantage of the communitarian framework. These attempts produced some successes inside the EEC including the European Commission's framework programme. Appart from some projects discussed at EEC level on automobile standardisation, nuclear energy and supplies during oil crisis, European cooperation in aircraft or electric power was successfully experimented but outside the communitarian networks. These experiences and debates on a European techno-scientific construction encountered competition from across the Atlantic as well as within Europe. As the most recent developments seem to prove, the European Union has to play a role of technological innovator. Thanks to a transnational and interdisciplinary historical approach, are we able to suggest which role, and by which trends?

Author: Dimitri Uzunidis
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119427355
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 160

View

Book Description
In an uncertain economy where business risk is significant, the company tends to rely more on its environment than to invest, for example, in all steps of technological creation; This can be explained by the fact that investments in the acquisition (ownership) of production resources are less expensive than those implied in the formation of these resources; which also explains the attractiveness (in an open economy) of regions with abundant scientific and technical resources. To understand and analyze the innovation process in order to better design and launch new goods, services and technologies, one has to consider the creative dimension of the individual, the business and the organization in general. In new approaches to innovation, the entrepreneur and the company are analyzed through their skills, and their function of resource generation; Innovation thus becomes endogenous, gradual or radical, integrated in a complex process with many feedbacks and interactions. The innovative organization (small or large) is presented in this book as a dynamic system composed of specific and diverse skills (including those of the contractor, engineers or managers). By acquiring, combining and mobilizing these skills, the innovative agent (entrepreneur or company) can create technological resources and develop relations with its environment. Hence the importance of management in design, implementation, protection of intellectual property as well as of the development of new goods, services and technology, commercial and organizational models.

Author:
Publisher: Odile Jacob
ISBN: 2738184766
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 385

View

Book Description

Author: Patrick Corsi
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119144345
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 318

View

Book Description
Whilst innovation remains of course an approach, a process, and is still often even reduced to a set of results, it essentially reflects a way of thinking evolution. Time is up for varying the thinking methods according to capacities and learned and available competencies with a view to change… the thinking level. No domain and no sector is immune to this transformation in todays’ world Having clarified our ideas through this book, we remain ever more convinced that the leveled maturity approach will lead to real advances in innovation over the 2020 years. Hence the competitive capacities of organizations must evolve. As we strive in our quest for new inspiration sources in business, let us reckon that all is bound to evolving… including the way to evolve. In that resides the very capacity to innovate.

Author: Paul Windrum
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1848441541
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 265

View

Book Description
This is a timely and important contribution on innovation processes within the public sector. Departing from the myth of private equal to entrepreneurial, public equal to bureaucratic paralysis , it offers precious insights into public sector learning, entrepreneurship, of course inertias, and also the trade-offs involved in different management philosophies and performance evaluation methods. It is a rare example of political economy done right . Giovanni Dosi, Sant Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa Innovation and entrepreneurship have become the cornerstones for economic growth, jobs and competitiveness in the global economy. However, the burden for generating an innovative economy has fallen on the private sector. Scholars have been remarkably taciturn concerning the role for innovation and entrepreneurship in the public sector has remained strikingly invisible. No more. In Innovation in Public Sector Services, the authors assemble a team of leading international scholars in a path breaking study to identify the potential for the public sector in contributing to innovation and entrepreneurship. In particular, the volume introduces an insightful new analytical framework that lays the foundations for transforming a sleepy public sector into a dynamic, innovative and highly effective partner for leadership and change in the global era. Scholars, policy makers and business leaders who think that the public sector is condemned to being a hindrance to innovation and entrepreneurship rather than a leader championing change and competitiveness in a global economy would be well advised to read this important new book. David B. Audretsch, Indiana University, Bloomington, US and WHU, Germany This groundbreaking book provides new key insights and opens up an important research agenda. The book develops a new taxonomy of the different types of innovation found in public sector services, and investigates the key features and drivers of public sector entrepreneurship. The book contains new statistical studies and a set of six international case studies in health and social services. The research shows that public sector organisations are important innovators in their own right. Economic growth and social development depend on efficient public sector organisations that deliver high quality services, are effectively organised, and have excellent interactions with the private sector, NGOs and citizens. Public sector innovation is complex, invariably involving changes in services, organisational structures, and managerial practices. Essential to successful innovation are the policy entrepreneurs and service entrepreneurs who develop, organise and manage new innovations. This book provides key lessons for these public sector entrepreneurs. Innovation in Public Sector Services fills a fundamental gap; explaining the dynamics of innovation and entrepreneurship in public sector services and is of great importance for researchers, academics and students interested in innovation, entrepreneurship and strategy management. It provides a stimulating read for anyone working or interested in health and social services.

Author: Dimitri Uzunidis
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1786307014
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 338

View

Book Description
Innovation, in economic activity, in managerial concepts and in engineering design, results from creative activities, entrepreneurial strategies and the business climate. Innovation leads to technological, organizational and commercial changes, due to the relationships between enterprises, public institutions and civil society organizations. These innovation networks create new knowledge and contribute to the dissemination of new socio-economic and technological models, through new production and marketing methods. Innovation Economics, Engineering and Management Handbook 2 is the second of the two volumes that comprise this book. The main objectives across both volumes are to study the innovation processes in todays information and knowledge society; to analyze how links between research and business have intensified; and to discuss the methods by which innovation emerges and is managed by firms, not only from a local perspective but also a global one. The studies presented in these two volumes contribute toward an understanding of the systemic nature of innovations and enable reflection on their potential applications, in order to think about the meaning of growth and prosperity

Author: Philip G. Altbach
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821394851
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 350

View

Book Description
Le bassin du Congo représente 70 % de la couverture forestière du continent africain et abrite une grande partie de la biodiversité de l’Afrique. Historiquement, la pression exercée sur les forêts du bassin du Congo a été comparativement faible, mais des signes indiquent que cette situation ne devrait pas durer, car la pression sur les forêts et les autres écosystèmes s’accroît. La reconnaissance croissante de l’importance des forêts pour endiguer le changement climatique a introduit un nouvel élan dans la lutte contre la déforestation et la dégradation de la forêt tropicale. La plupart des pays de bassin du Congo sont activement engagés dans un processus de préparation des cadres et stratégies-cadre capable de créer des incitations à « réduire les émissions dues à la déforestation et à la dégradation des forêts », encourageant « la conservation et la gestion durable des forêts ainsi que l’amélioration de la séquestration du carbone par les forêts » (REDD+). Ils travaillent ainsi d’ores-et-déjà à renforcer leur capacité de suivi des émissions liées aux forêts, à améliorer la gouvernance des forêts, à promouvoir le développement et à réduire la pauvreté, tout en protégeant les ressources naturelles de la région. Un exercice de deux ans visant à analyser et comprendre en profondeur la dynamique de la déforestation dans le bassin du Congo est résumé dans le présent rapport, qui s’organise comme suit : Le chapitre 1 donne une vue d’ensemble des forêts du bassin du Congo • Le chapitre 2 présente la dynamique de la déforestation et résume les résultats d’une analyse secteur par secteur des grands facteurs de déforestation dans le bassin du Congo. • Le chapitre 3 fournit une actualisation de l’état des négociations REDD+ dans le cadre de la CCNUCC et des implications pour les pays du bassin du Congo.

Author: Melissa A.. Schilling
Publisher:
ISBN: 9782840014362
Category : New products
Languages : fr
Pages : 472

View

Book Description
Comment faire les bons choix en matière de management de l'innovation technologique ? Comment définir les meilleures stratégies ? Comment les mettre en œuvre ? Parce que l'innovation technologique sur les produits existants ou nouveaux est aujourd'hui fondamentale, les entreprises doivent être capables de la promouvoir dans leurs structures et de l'intégrer dans leur stratégie. Ce livre novateur a pour but d'apporter aux entreprises les conseils les plus pertinents pour élaborer un management de l'innovation technologique à la fois réaliste et rentable. De la prise de décision (analyse de la dynamique de l'innovation, choix des projets et de l'organisation) à la mise en œuvre de la stratégie adoptée (réalisation des objectifs, développement de nouveaux produits) tout est détaillé de façon concrète. S'adressant aux entreprises mais également aux étudiants et professionnels qui y trouveront une approche pragmatique et dynamique du management de l'innovation technologique, ce livre, remarquablement documenté, leur permettra de comprendre le " comment " de centaines des plus grandes réussites dans le domaine (Microsoft, Palm Pilot ou Nintendo par exemple) et de s'en inspirer !

Author: Isabelle Denervaud
Publisher: Pearson Education France
ISBN: 2744075035
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 221

View

Book Description
This book explores an organic vision of company innovation, through an analogy with DNA and its four nitrogenous bases. Like all living organisms, a company has the fundamental "genetic" bases of its ability to innovate. This DNA mutates under both environmental influences and evolutionary factors allowing a company to develop new patterns of behaviour. At the dawn of the 21st century, the result of this process is the emergence of what we could call the hyperconnected company. Through this ongoing metaphor, the book provides decision-makers with several paths along which to increase their ability to innovate, taking advantage of genetic bases such as their own factors of change. The study is based on observations made of large companies, for whom innovation is an absolute imperative. It alternates theoretical analyses with concrete illustrations, and spotlights innovation leaders such as: Louis Vuitton, 3M, Bouygues Telecom, BNP Paribas, Siemens, Danone, Air Liquide, to name but a few.

Author: John R. McIntyre
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1781006830
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 333

View

Book Description
ÔThere is no debate about the fact that a Òbusiness as usualÓ approach is an environmentally unsustainable one. Given the magnitude of the environmental challenges the world faces today, extensive changes in corporate strategies and significant innovation advances are absolutely necessary if we are to avoid substantial decreases in our quality of living. This set of internationally recognized authors provides some fresh and informative perspectives on this topic along with a path for a more sustainable future.Õ Ð Mark Ferguson, University of South Carolina, US Corporations across the world are becoming increasingly aware of the threat of environmental degradation and the growing importance of sustainable business practices. This raises a vital question: How can for-profit firms (and other profit-conscious enterprises such as government organizations) implement more environmentally friendly policies without sacrificing profitability? This innovative volume tackles that complex question, offering detailed recommendations for making strategic technological choices that are economically advantageous, ecologically sustainable and socially responsible. Expert contributions examine the contextual factors that affect implementation of more sustainable technology and innovation practices, offering a number of empirical methodologies to describe and explain these multidimensional influences. What emerges is a compelling argument in favor of balanced strategies that merge profitability concerns with ecological consciousness, allowing for controlled sustainable development and stable, long-term economic success. Discussion of companies in both developed and emerging countries makes this book useful on a truly global scale. Students and professors of business, management studies and economics will find much to admire in this path-breaking volume. Managers, policymakers and other practitioners will also benefit greatly from this bookÕs timely and insightful recommendations.