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Author: Christopher Nwadike Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783659670121 Category : Languages : en Pages : 132
Book Description
This study apparently reveals the state of research in Common bean (phaseolus vulgaris L) in terms of crop improvement, been at its lowest level or non- existent in Nigeria. The study characterized some landraces of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) using mophor-agronomic traits by multivariate analysis during 2012 wet season to determine the extent of qualitative and quantitative Genetic variability. Accessions with appreciable performance were identified and suggested for further breeding programme. This compilation is written in simple language and easy to replicate methodology with pictures and figures for better grasp of the researched results. The study will be useful to plant breeders, plant scientist, geneticist and research a student carrying out diversity studies especially in lost and underutilized crop plants of leguminous species and others as well as a guide to identifying ecotypes/accessions/landraces with potentials for high yield as such enables generation of baseline data necessary for the development of a crop improvement programme.
Author: Christopher Nwadike Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783659670121 Category : Languages : en Pages : 132
Book Description
This study apparently reveals the state of research in Common bean (phaseolus vulgaris L) in terms of crop improvement, been at its lowest level or non- existent in Nigeria. The study characterized some landraces of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) using mophor-agronomic traits by multivariate analysis during 2012 wet season to determine the extent of qualitative and quantitative Genetic variability. Accessions with appreciable performance were identified and suggested for further breeding programme. This compilation is written in simple language and easy to replicate methodology with pictures and figures for better grasp of the researched results. The study will be useful to plant breeders, plant scientist, geneticist and research a student carrying out diversity studies especially in lost and underutilized crop plants of leguminous species and others as well as a guide to identifying ecotypes/accessions/landraces with potentials for high yield as such enables generation of baseline data necessary for the development of a crop improvement programme.
Author: Marcelino Pérez de la Vega Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319635263 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 304
Book Description
This book provides insights into the genetics and the latest advances in genomics research on the common bean, offering a timely overview of topics that are pertinent for future developments in legume genomics. The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important grain legume crop for food consumption worldwide, as well as a model for legume research, and the availability of the genome sequence has completely changed the paradigm of the ongoing research on the species. Key topics covered include the numerous genetic and genomic resources, available tools, the identified genes and quantitative trait locus (QTL) identified, and there is a particular emphasis on domestication. It is a valuable resource for students and researchers interested in the genetics and genomics of the common bean and legumes in general.
Author: Fitsum Alemayehu Shenkute Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783659143403 Category : Languages : de Pages : 84
Book Description
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important and diverse legume staples consumed worldwide, especially in Latin America and in East and southern Africa. Some 12 million metric tons are produced annually worldwide, of which about 8 million tons are from Latin America and Africa. Improving productivity of this crop is crucial to change the livelihood of the poor farmers. Generating genetic information is base for the improvement of crop via exploiting the existing and introduced genotypes. Prediction of the gene action at early stage also helps to know the existing variability early and to take breeding decision about the population.
Author: Paul Gepts Publisher: Springer ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 636
Book Description
Phaseolus germplasm exploration and maintenance (Phaseolus germplasm exploration; Phaseolus seed storage methodologies; Centralized database for the common bean and its use in diversity analysis; Phaseolus world collection; Base collection of wild and botanical forms of Phaseoleae-Pheseolinae; The international Phaseolus germplasm netwook); Domestication and evoluation of Phaseolus sp. with special reference to P. vulgaris (Phaseolus in archaelogy; MOrphological, physiological, and biochemical changes in Phaseolus beans under domestication; The wild relative of Phaseolus vulgaris in middle america; Wild ancestor of Phaseolus vulgaris in South America; Phaseolus as an evolutionary marker); Genetics of Phaseolus vulgaris (Genotypic and phenotypic markers in common bean; Linkage mapping of marker genes in common bean; Genetic structure of bean landraces in Malawi; Middle american and an andrean common bean gene pool); Genetic resources, domestication, and evoluation of other cultivated Phaseolus species; Utilization of Phaseolus genetic resources (Phaseolus genetic resources and breeding in Brazil; Interspecific hybridization betmeen Phaseolus vulgaris and P. acutifolius; Selection methods in the common bean Phaseolus vulgaris; Transper of qualitative traits in wide crosses involving the common bean Phaseolus vulgaris; Utilization fo genetic resources in teh development of commercial bean cultivars in the U.S.A.
Author: Dukagjin Zeka Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783843381390 Category : Languages : en Pages : 76
Book Description
Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is cultivated all over Kosova in the home gardens and also in the fields. This country, with a very variable topography and climate is depending on a diversity of the landraces. This study showed varieties of common bean landraces which was gathered for a National Gene Bank. Five regions with 15 localities and five samples were collected at each locality. The varied altitude, climatic influences, and soils within Kosovo provide a wide diversity of micro-habitats to which plant and animal species are adapted. Genetic resources in general are spread throughout the word. It is always of interest to investigate in different countries. Kosova is a small geographical area in the heart of South East Europe with many characteristics, beginning in the cultural tradition, economical situation, historical past, and climatic condition, etc. Perhaps these characteristics can give rise to a specific trait that can be useful in future
Author: Tamara Iva Miller Publisher: ISBN: 9781085732857 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is consumed by millions of people worldwide and is a staple source of protein, starch and micronutrients. Common bean production across the world is affected by abiotic and biotic stresses that limit the growth and yield of this important crop. Efforts to breed improved common bean for dissemination to farmers and consumers in East Africa is underway in several breeding programs worldwide. Improvement on agronomic and consumer traits such as disease resistance can be greatly aided by the application of next generation sequencing technologies. With the decreasing cost of DNA sequencing, genomic re-sequencing of diverse common bean accessions facilitates marker- assisted breeding that can be used to speed the creation of new common bean cultivars. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is an important aspect of modern bean breeding that seeks to utilize genetic markers to select individuals with improved agronomic and consumer traits. For example, breeders in the African Bean Consortium seek to introgress known genetic loci conferring resistance to multiple diseases into bean genetic backgrounds with preferred seed and agronomic characteristics. However, the usefulness of markers is dependent on whether they are polymorphic in the specific parents of the breeding program. Often genetic markers identified in a specific plant population are not useful for marker assisted selection among a different set of bean parents, which necessitates identification of novel markers linked to the genes of interest that are polymorphic among breeding parents. One disease that greatly affects common bean production in humid tropical and sub-tropical growing regions is Angular Leaf Spot (ALS; caused by the foliar fungus Pseudocercospora griseola Sacc.). Marker assisted breeding is being used in multiple different bean breeding programs to improve the resistance of adapted cultivars to ALS. The ALS resistance locus, Phg-2, is an important resistance locus used to improve plant resistance to Angular Leaf Spot in South America and Pan Africa, however in the case of the African Bean Consortium breeding programs in East Africa, certain bean parents used for breeding were monomorphic for the original marker used to perform marker assisted selection of Phg-2. In order to facilitate marker assisted selection of Phg-2 in specific breeding parents used in the Uganda bean improvement program, an alternative, co-dominant, marker linked to the Phg-2 ALS resistance locus was developed (Chapter 1). A new marker, g796, was identified which is polymorphic among the breeding parents; its co-segregation was confirmed in a segregating F2 population derived from the cross between French bean variety Amy and the ALS resistance donor, Mexico 54. This work was conducted in collaboration with Stephen Kimno and Esther Arunga at Embu University, Kenya, as well as other members of the African Bean Consortium bean breeding programs in Tanzania, Uganda, and Ethiopia. The application of DNA sequencing to marker-assisted breeding and crop improvement is rapidly becoming common in the development of improved bean varieties. A nearly complete reference genome and transcriptome for Phaseolus vulgaris was released in 2014 and newly resequenced genomes of diverse bean accessions are being developed for the purpose of marker assisted breeding. In Chapter 2, whole-genome resequencing of 29 bean accessions, including accessions commonly used as breeding parents, was carried out in collaboration with the Ratz lab at the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT, Colombia). Genetic diversity analysis was performed in order to access the evolutionary relationships between the sequenced bean genomes. Data generated by this work was made available to the larger bean research community and will be used by breeders and geneticists to perform marker-assisted selection and genetic analysis in the future. Angular leaf spot (ALS) occurs throughout Eastern and Southern Africa (as well as other parts of the world) and can cause yield losses up to 80% in environments that favor the disease. ALS is caused by the fungal pathogen, Pseudocercospora griseola, a highly diverse pathogen with many different races that infect diverse types of bean hosts. Growing crop cultivars with genetic resistance to the disease is one of the most effective measures for farmers to reduce crop losses due to ALS. The landrace Mexico 54 is used as a donor for ALS resistance in East Africa and marker-assisted selection of the Phg-2 ALS resistance locus from Mexico 54 is underway in multiple breeding programs in order to increase the resistance of adapted bean germplasm in East Africa and Brazil. Previous allelism tests between different ALS resistance donors suggested additional resistance loci exist in Mexico 54 besides the Phg-2 locus and were named Phg-5 and Phg-6. The genomic locations of the proposed Phg-5 and Phg-6 resistance genes in Mexico 54 have never been investigated, however, the existence of multiple resistance loci in Mexico 54 is likely the cause of its high level of resistance to ALS on multiple continents. In Chapter 3, a biparental mapping population consisting of 167 F8 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) was derived from a cross between Kablanketi, a preferred bean market type in Tanzania, and Mexico 54 in order to map additional quantitative trait loci that confer resistance to ALS in Mexico 54. The identification of novel ALS resistance loci will aid breeders to develop resistant cultivars as well as provide a greater understanding of the genetic diversity that influences resistance to ALS.
Author: Christopher Nwadike
Author: Christopher Nwadike
Author: Viviana Lorena Becerra Velasquez
Author: Marcelino Pérez de la Vega
Author: Fitsum Alemayehu Shenkute
Author: Paul Gepts
Author: Mark David Burow
Author: Dukagjin Zeka
Author: Brian Thomas Scully
Author: Nathan Phiri
Author: Tamara Iva Miller