Author: Patel A U.Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Genetic Analysis of Quantitative Traits in Grain Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L. Moench.)
Author: Patel A U.Genetic Analysis of the Sorghum Bicolor Stay-green Drought Tolerance Trait
Author: Karen Ruth HarrisPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) is the fifth most economically important cereal grown worldwide and is a source of food, feed, fiber and fuel. Sorghum, a C4 grass and a close relative to sugarcane, is adapted to hot, dry adverse environments. Some genotypes of sorghum called stay-green have delayed leaf senescence during grain ripening under drought stress conditions which allows normal grain filling whereas most sorghum lines senesce early under post-anthesis drought. Eight sources of stay-green have been identified in the sorghum germplasm collection, most originating from Sudan and Ethiopia. The diversity of the eight sources of staygreen was analyzed using 55 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers with genome coverage. This analysis showed that the sources of stay-green are quite diverse and can be divided into five groups based on race or working group. Three sources of stay-green have been used to identify 12 major quantitative trait loci (QTL) that modulate this trait. The origin of favorable alleles for stay-green was traced backward to ancestral lines and forward into breeding materials derived from stay-green germplasm. The analysis of the origin of favorable alleles for stay-green helped explain why subsets of stay-green QTL were identified in different studies and provided evidence that there may be more than one favorable allele in the sorghum germplasm for several of the stay-green QTL. Analysis of stay-green breeding lines from three public sorghum-breeding programs revealed that one of the main QTL identified in mapping studies was not being used in the breeding programs (0/13), most likely due to its association with an allele for lemon yellow seeds. In addition, a subset of the regions containing favorable alleles for staygreen from the genotype BTx642 were over represented in stay-green breeding lines. Nearly isogenic lines containing favorable alleles from BTx642 for Stg1, Stg2, Stg3, and Stg4 in a RTx7000 (senescent) background were characterized and each NIL was shown to exhibit a stay-green phenotype. Based in part on this information, fine-mapping of Stg1 was undertaken by crossing the Stg1 NIL to RTx7000. Overall, these results revealed the origin of favorable alleles for stay-green and the current utilization of alleles for stay-green in public breeding programs. In addition, this study identified additional stay-green sources that could be used for further QTL analysis and highlighted the genetic complexity of the stay-green trait.
Genetic Analysis of Some of the Quantitative Characters in Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
Author: Dhande P H.Quantitative Trait Loci Affecting the Agronomic Performance of a Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench Recombinant Inbred Restorer Line Population
Author: Jorge Luis Moran MaradiagaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Lately the rate of genetic gain in most agronomic crop species has been reduced due to several factors that limit breeding efficiency and genetic gain. New genetic tools and more powerful statistical analyses provide an alternative approach to enhance genetic improvements through the identification of molecular markers linked to genomic regions or QTLs controlling quantitative traits. The main objective of this research was to identify genomic regions associated with enhanced agronomic performance in lines per se and hybrid combination in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. A population composed of 187 F5:6 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) was derived from the cross of restorer lines RTx430 and RTx7000. Also, a testcross hybrid population (TCH) was developed by using each RIL as a pollinator onto ATx2752. A linkage map was constructed using 174 marker loci generated from AFLP and SSR primer combinations. These markers were assigned to 12 different linkage groups. The linkage map covers 1573 cM with marker loci spaced at an averaged 9.04 cM. In this study, 89 QTL that control variation in seven different morphological traits were identified in the recombinant inbred line population, while in the testcross hybrid population, 79 QTL were identified. These traits included grain yield, plant height, days to mid-anthesis, panicle number, panicle length, panicle exsertion and panicle weight. These putative QTL explained from 4 to 42% of the phenotypic variation observed for each trait. Many of the QTL were not consistent across populations and across environments. Nevertheless, a few key QTL were identified and the source of the positive additive genetics isolated. RTx7000 was consistently associated with better agronomic performance in RIL, while in testcrosses, RTx430 was. Some genomic regions from RTx7000 may be utilized to improve RTx430 as a line per se. However, it is very unlikely that such regions will have a positive effect on the combining ability of RTx430 since testcross results did not reveal any transgressive segregants from the RIL population.
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism in Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench)
Author: Messias Gonzaga PereiraPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 354
Book Description
In this investigation, restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were used to construct a genetic linkage map for sorghum and to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling morphological characteristics. For both purposes, and F2 population from a cross between Sorghum bicolor subspecies bicolor (CK60) and Sorghum bicolor subspecies drummondii (PI229828) was used. The map consists of 201 loci distributed among ten linkage groups covering a distance of 1530 cm, with and average eight cM between adjancent loci. Maize genomic clones, maize cDNA clones, and sorghum genomic clones were used to identify the loci. Comparison of sorghum and maize maps revealed a high degree of homology, linkage order, and similar genetic distance. Most often a sorghum linkage group contains loci that map to two chromosomes. Frequently, these two maize chromosomes share considerable DNA duplication. For QTL identification, 152 unselected F2 plants were evaluated. Interval mapping identified a total of 43 QTL, four for plant height, four for tillering, three for leaf length, two for leaf width, three for stalk circumference, two for maturity, six for panicle length, five for seed-branch length, two for sterile portion of the seed-branch, six for penducle diameter, three for number of seed-branchs per panicle, and three for seed weight. For each QTL, the most likely map position, magnitude of effects, gene action, and the source (progenitor) of alleles that increased the trait mean were described. Eighty-one percent (...).
Molecular Genetic Analysis of Stay-green, a Post-flowering Drought Resistance Trait in Grain Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L. Moench)
Author: Oswald R. CrastaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sorghum
Languages : en
Pages : 208
Book Description
Genetic Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Bioenergy Traits, and the Assessment of Genetic Variability in Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench)
Author: Lekgari Aatshwaelwe LekgariPublisher:
ISBN: 9781124124872
Category : Biomass energy
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Sorghum
Author: Ignacio A. CiampittiPublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0891186271
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 528
Book Description
Sorghum is among the top five cereals and one of the key crops in global food security efforts. Sorghum is a resilient crop under high-stress environments, ensuring productivity and access to food when other crops fail. Scientists see the potential of sorghum as a main staple food in a future challenged by climate change. The contributors provide a comprehensive review of sorghum knowledge. The discussion covers genetic improvements, development of new hybrids, biotechnology, and physiological modifications. Production topics include water and nutrient management, rotations, and pest control. Final end uses, sorghum as a bioenergy crop, markets, and the future of sorghum are presented. IN PRESS! This book is being published according to the “Just Published” model, with more chapters to be published online as they are completed.
Genetics, Genomics and Breeding of Sorghum
Author: Yi-Hong WangPublisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1482210088
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 368
Book Description
Sorghum is one of the hardiest crop plants in modern agriculture and also one of the most versatile. Its seeds provide calorie for food and feed, stalks for building and industrial materials and its juice for syrup. This book provides an in-depth review of the cutting-edge knowledge in sorghum genetics and its applications in sorghum breeding. Each chapter is authored by specialists in their fields to report the latest trends and findings. The book showcases the definitive value of sorghum as a model system to study the genetic basis of crop productivity and stress tolerance and will provide a foundation for future studies in sorghum genetics, genomics, and breeding.
Author: A. G. Kishan