Genericity PDF Download

Author: Alda Mari
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199691800
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 458

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Book Description
This book provides an up-to-date introduction to the study of generics. It gathers new work from senior and young researchers and is organized along three main areas of study: the generic and individuals; genericity and time; and the sources of genericity and types of judgment.

Author: Maria Aloni
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 131655273X
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 1239

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Book Description
Formal semantics - the scientific study of meaning in natural language - is one of the most fundamental and long-established areas of linguistics. This Handbook offers a comprehensive, yet compact guide to the field, bringing together research from a wide range of world-leading experts. Chapters include coverage of the historical context and foundation of contemporary formal semantics, a survey of the variety of formal/logical approaches to linguistic meaning and an overview of the major areas of research within current semantic theory, broadly conceived. The Handbook also explores the interfaces between semantics and neighbouring disciplines, including research in cognition and computation. This work will be essential reading for students and researchers working in linguistics, philosophy, psychology and computer science.

Author: Gregory N. Carlson
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 9780226092911
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 490

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Book Description
In an attempt to address the theoretical gap between linguistics and philosophy, a group of semanticists, calling itself the Generic Group, has worked to develop a common view of genericity. Their research has resulted in this book, which consists of a substantive introduction and eleven original articles on important aspects of the interpretation of generic expressions. The introduction provides a clear overview of the issues and synthesizes the major analytical approaches to them. Taken together, the papers that follow reflect the current state of the art in the semantics of generics, and afford insight into various generic phenomena.

Author: Anna Kurek-Przybilski
Publisher: Jagiellonian University Press
ISBN: 9788323350545
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 240

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Book Description
How does one speak about kinds in Norwegian? Which noun form should one use to say that dogs bark and cows are mammals? And is it always necessary to use a plural noun form to express genericity? The study presented in this book shows a cognitive approach to genericity in Norwegian. The study material includes three data sets--two surveys and a specialised corpus of generic texts. Both the surveys and the corpus were analysed in two ways--with the use of chosen cognitive models and with a number of statistical tests. Applying both qualitative and quantitive methods has allowed to conduct a comprehensive study on genericity in Norwegian.

Author: Simeon Reich
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461495334
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 529

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Book Description
This book presents an extensive collection of state-of-the-art results and references in nonlinear functional analysis demonstrating how the generic approach proves to be very useful in solving many interesting and important problems. Nonlinear analysis plays an ever-increasing role in theoretical and applied mathematics, as well as in many other areas of science such as engineering, statistics, computer science, economics, finance, and medicine. The text may be used as supplementary material for graduate courses in nonlinear functional analysis, optimization theory and approximation theory, and is a treasure trove for instructors, researchers, and practitioners in mathematics and in the mathematical sciences. Each chapter is self-contained; proofs are solid and carefully communicated. Genericity in Nonlinear Analysis is the first book to systematically present the generic approach to nonlinear analysis. Topics presented include convergence analysis of powers and infinite products via the Baire Category Theorem, fixed point theory of both single- and set-valued mappings, best approximation problems, discrete and continuous descent methods for minimization in a general Banach space, and the structure of minimal energy configurations with rational numbers in the Aubry–Mather theory.

Author: Chris Cummins
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192509551
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 1125

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Book Description
This handbook is the first to explore the growing field of experimental semantics and pragmatics. In the past 20 years, experimental data has become a major source of evidence for building theories of language meaning and use, encompassing a wide range of topics and methods. Following an introduction from the editors, the chapters in this volume offer an up-to-date account of research in the field spanning 31 different topics, including scalar implicatures, presuppositions, counterfactuals, quantification, metaphor, prosody, and politeness, as well as exploring how and why a particular experimental method is suitable for addressing a given theoretical debate. The volume's forward-looking approach also seeks to actively identify questions and methods that could be fruitfully combined in future experimental research. Written in a clear and accessible style, this handbook will appeal to students and scholars from advanced undergraduate level upwards in a range of fields, including semantics and pragmatics, philosophy of language, psycholinguistics, computational linguistics, cognitive science, and neuroscience.

Author: Francis Jeffry Pelletier
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199726094
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 242

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Book Description
A generic statement is a type of generalization that is made by asserting that a "kind" has a certain property. For example we might hear that marshmallows are sweet. Here, we are talking about the "kind" marshmallow and assert that individual instances of this kind have the property of being sweet. Almost all of our common sense knowledge about the everyday world is put in terms of generic statements. What can make these generic sentences be true even when there are exceptions? A mass term is one that does not "divide its reference;" the word water is a mass term; the word dog is a count term. In a certain vicinity, one can count and identity how many dogs there are, but it doesn't make sense to do that for water--there just is water present. The philosophical literature is rife with examples concerning how a thing can be composed of a mass, such as a statue being composed of clay. Both generic statements and mass terms have led philosophers, linguists, semanticists, and logicians to search for theories to accommodate these phenomena and relationships. The contributors to this interdisciplinary volume study the nature and use of generics and mass terms. Noted researchers in the psychology of language use material from the investigation of human performance and child-language learning to broaden the range of options open for formal semanticists in the construction of their theories, and to give credence to some of their earlier postulations--for instance, concerning different types of predications that are available for true generics and for the role of object recognitions in the development of count vs. mass terms. Relevant data also is described by investigating the ways children learn these sorts of linguistic items: children can learn how to sue generic statements correctly at an early age, and children are adept at individuating objects and distinguishing them from the stuff of which they are made also at an early age.

Author: Bernhard Nickel
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199640009
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 286

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Book Description
In our everyday thought and talk, we put things into categories in order to generalize about them: 'Lions have manes', 'Ravens are black'. Bernhard Nickel presents a theory of generic sentences and the modes of thought they express, integrating compositional semantics with metaphysics to solve the problems of what they mean and how they work.

Author: Klaus-Uwe Panther
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9027223793
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 441

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Book Description
with the advent of Cognitive Linguistics, metonymy and metaphor are now recognized as being not only ornamental rhetorical tropes but fundamental figures of thought that shape, to a considerable extent, the conceptual structure of languages. The present volume goes even beyond this insight to propose that grammar itself is metonymical in nature (Langacker) and that conceptual metonymy and metaphor leave their imprints on lexicogrammatical structure.

Author: Rodney G. Downey
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387684417
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 883

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Book Description
Computability and complexity theory are two central areas of research in theoretical computer science. This book provides a systematic, technical development of "algorithmic randomness" and complexity for scientists from diverse fields.