Fundamental Concepts in Heterogeneous Catalysis PDF Download

Author: Jens K. Nørskov
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118888952
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 228

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Book Description
This book is based on a graduate course and suitable as a primer for any newcomer to the field, this book is a detailed introduction to the experimental and computational methods that are used to study how solid surfaces act as catalysts. Features include: First comprehensive description of modern theory of heterogeneous catalysis Basis for understanding and designing experiments in the field Allows reader to understand catalyst design principles Introduction to important elements of energy transformation technology Test driven at Stanford University over several semesters

Author: Farid Bensebaa
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128056312
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 105

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Book Description
Nanoparticles (NPs) are spherical particles with a diameter less than 100nm. They will likely become important building blocks in several industrial sectors in the future. NPs are produced under different compositions, shapes, and structures often dispersed in a medium. NPs are classified according to their composition, properties, fabrication process, or applications. A simple classification could be obtained by dividing NPs into inorganic metals, inorganic semiconductors, inorganic insulators, and, finally, organics including polymers. Other classifications are based on the nature of the manufacturing process (chemical, physical, or biological), synthesis media (gas, liquid, or solid), energy source (sputtering, laser, microwave, convection, and sonochemical), and properties (optical, mechanical, or thermal). Besides increased surface area and reactivity, smaller particles may give rise to numerous improved mechanical, optoelectronic, thermal, and magnetic properties. NPs are often used with a core–shell structure obtained following the synthesis step or a post-synthesis process. In most cases, the value chain of commercial products involving NPs consists of NP production, formulation, integration, and system assembling. Toxicity and environmental issues are considered important issues requiring more R&D and education. In particular, improved life cycle inventory and life cycle analysis for different commercial and pre-commercial NP-based products are needed.

Author: Robert Rioux
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387980490
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 531

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Book Description
This book is an excellent compilation of cutting-edge research in heterogeneous catalysis and related disciplines – surface science, organometallic catalysis, and enzymatic catalysis. In 23 chapters by noted experts, the volume demonstrates varied approaches using model systems and their successes in understanding aspects of heterogeneous catalysis, both metal- and metal oxide-based catalysis in extended single crystal and nanostructured catalytic materials. To truly appreciate the astounding advances of modern heterogeneous catalysis, let us first consider the subject from a historical perspective. Heterogeneous catalysis had its beginnings in England and France with the work of scientists such as Humphrey Davy (1778–1829), Michael Faraday (1791–1867), and Paul Sabatier (1854–1941). Sabatier postulated that surface compounds, si- lar to those familiar in bulk to chemists, were the intermediate species leading to catalytic products. Sabatier proposed, for example, that NiH moieties on a Ni sur- 2 face were able to hydrogenate ethylene, whereas NiH was not. In the USA, Irving Langmuir concluded just the opposite, namely, that chemisorbed surface species are chemically bound to surfaces and are unlike known molecules. These chemisorbed species were the active participants in catalysis. The equilibrium between gas-phase molecules and adsorbed chemisorbed species (yielding an adsorption isotherm) produced a monolayer by simple site-filling kinetics.

Author: J.L. Figueiredo
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 940097597X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 398

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Book Description
Most catalysts used in the chemical and petrochemical indus tries are strongly affected by one or another form of deactivation, leading to poor performances and reduced life. The increasing num ber of scientific communications devoted to the subject in recent years, and culminating with an International Symposium held in Antwerp in October 1980, is a measure of the interest it arouses in both the industrial and academic communities. A stage has been reached whereby it was thought that a NATO Advanced Study Institute on "Catalyst Deactivation" might be fruit ful in establishing the state of the art and in stimulating a more systematic research on the phenomenon. Such a meeting was held ~n Lagos, Portugal, from 18 to 29 May 1981. The purpose of the Institute was to present and discuss in a didatic and systematic way the various processes that lead to cata lyst deactivation, namely coking, poisoning and solid state trans formations, and at the same time to promote the exchange of ideas and experiences among the participants, drawn from industry and uni versity. The lectures presented at the Institute are collected in this volume with the exception of Dr. L.L.Hegedus "Catalyst Poisoning", which has been previously published (Catalysis Reviews, Science md Engineering, 23, 377-476, 1981).

Author: Umit S. Ozkan
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 352762533X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 340

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Book Description
This long-awaited reference source is the first book to focus on this important and hot topic. As such, it provides examples from a wide array of fields where catalyst design has been based on new insights and understanding, presenting such modern and important topics as self-assembly, nature-inspired catalysis, nano-scale architecture of surfaces and theoretical methods. With its inclusion of all the useful and powerful tools for the rational design of catalysts, this is a true "must have" book for every researcher in the field.

Author: Thandavarayan Maiyalagan
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527341323
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 614

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Book Description
Meeting the need for a text on solutions to conditions which have so far been a drawback for this important and trend-setting technology, this monograph places special emphasis on novel, alternative catalysts of low temperature fuel cells. Comprehensive in its coverage, the text discusses not only the electrochemical, mechanistic, and material scientific background, but also provides extensive chapters on the design and fabrication of electrocatalysts. A valuable resource aimed at multidisciplinary audiences in the fields of academia and industry.

Author: Israel E. Wachs
Publisher: Momentum Press
ISBN: 1606501844
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 220

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Book Description
Heterogeneous catalysis has undergone a revolutionary change in the past two decades due to the development of sophisticated characterization methods that provide fundamental information about the catalyst bulk structures, surfaces, and their properties. For the first time, these characterization methods have allowed researchers to "see" the surfaces of catalytic materials, their bulk structures (crystalline as well as amorphous phases), the influence of the process conditions on the catalytic material, as well as the effect of different synthesis methods. This new information has tremendously advanced our understanding of catalytic materials and their properties. These characterization methods have become our "eyes" and are indispensible in the development of new catalytic materials. It is hard to conceive of a modern heterogeneous catalysis activity, be it research or manufacturing, without the aid of these new characterization techniques.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 702

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Book Description

Author: Jun Bao
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1849735786
Category : Reference
Languages : en
Pages : 259

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Book Description
"Catalysis" is sure to be of interest to readers working in academia and industry that need an up-to-date critical analysis and summary of catalysis research and applications.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309045843
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 97

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Book Description
The impact of catalysis on the nation's economy is evidenced by the fact that catalytic technologies generate U.S. sales in excess of $400 billion per year and a net positive balance of trade of $16 billion annually. This book outlines recent accomplishments in the science and technology of catalysis and summarizes important likely challenges and opportunities on the near horizon. It also presents recommendations for investment of financial and human resources by industry, academe, national laboratories, and relevant federal agencies if the nation is to maintain continuing leadership in this fieldâ€"one that is critical to the chemical and petroleum processing industries, essential for energy-efficient means for environmental protection, and vital for the production of a broad range of pharmaceuticals.