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Author: James Harkin Publisher: Abacus Software ISBN: 9780349123004 Category : Market segmentation Languages : en Pages : 250
Book Description
As high street and main street businesses continue to suffer, there's a new rule in business: forget about the general audience and instead stake out an identifiable niche. Woolworths suffered from a lack of identity and found that low quality and low price wasn't enough; General Motors crashed as motorists failed to distinguish between cars in their range. Yet HBO, Moleskine and specialist media like The Economist have all succeeded by building their authority over narrow areas of expertise and cultivating a passionate following - and their profits have mushroomed. Fascinating and thought-provoking, Niche is a superb examination of how innovation and profitability are moving to a series of tightly defined but globally scattered niches, bound together by the reach of the net.
Author: James Harkin Publisher: Abacus Software ISBN: 9780349123004 Category : Market segmentation Languages : en Pages : 250
Book Description
As high street and main street businesses continue to suffer, there's a new rule in business: forget about the general audience and instead stake out an identifiable niche. Woolworths suffered from a lack of identity and found that low quality and low price wasn't enough; General Motors crashed as motorists failed to distinguish between cars in their range. Yet HBO, Moleskine and specialist media like The Economist have all succeeded by building their authority over narrow areas of expertise and cultivating a passionate following - and their profits have mushroomed. Fascinating and thought-provoking, Niche is a superb examination of how innovation and profitability are moving to a series of tightly defined but globally scattered niches, bound together by the reach of the net.
Author: Miltiadis D. Lytras Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 303897224X Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 439
Book Description
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Sustainable Smart Cities and Smart Villages Research" that was published in Sustainability
Author: David Watson Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers ISBN: 9289352752 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 58
Book Description
Extending the active lifetimes of textile products should be prioritised in efforts to reduce the environmental impacts of textile production. However, once textiles are worn out, recycling them back into new textile products is environmentally advantageous compared to incineration or landfill. A number of Nordic brands have been venturing out on pathways towards textile-to-textile recycling both through designing for ease of recycling and thus increase potential supply, and through using recycled materials in new products. This report compares the experiences of eleven of these and documents their motivation, challenges they’ve experienced and the strategies they’ve used to overcome these. The report is published in parallel with a case wallet and aims to inspire other brands to engage in closed loop thinking.
Author: Karleen Jones West Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 019006885X Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 241
Book Description
In developing democracies, political parties built around charismatic personalities, coupled with populist campaigns, often ascend to power. This tactic has long been effective in Latin America, and has resulted in parties that rely heavily on personalistic appeals and vote-buying. The predominant view is that ethnic parties are an exception to this rule; they behave differently from traditional populist parties by attracting voters based on the expectation that they will create policies to provide for the groups that they represent. In Candidate Matters: A Study of Ethnic Parties, Campaigns, and Elections in Latin America, Karleen Jones West shows that under certain conditions, niche parties--such as ethnic parties--are not that different from their mainstream counterparts. Through a detailed examination of the Pachakutik party in Ecuador, she shows that the characteristics of individual candidates campaigning in their districts shapes party behavior. Ethnic parties that are initially programmatic can become personalistic and clientelistic because vote-buying is an effective strategy in rural indigenous areas, and because candidates with strong reputations and access to resources can create winning campaigns that buy votes and capitalize on candidates' personal appeal. Why do niche parties in developing democracies struggle to maintain programmatic and meaningful platforms? West argues that when candidates' legislative campaigns are personalistic and clientelistic in their districts, niche parties are unable to maintain unified programmatic support. By combining in-depth fieldwork on legislative campaigns in Ecuador with the statistical analyses of electoral results and public opinion, she demonstrates the importance of candidates and their districts for how niche parties compete, win, and become influential in developing democracies.
Author: Paul M Pedersen Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: 1035317184 Category : Sports & Recreation Languages : en Pages : 1131
Book Description
This thoroughly updated second edition of the Encyclopedia of Sport Management is an authoritative reference work that provides detailed explanations of critical concepts within the field.
Author: William Roberts Clark Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1108265693 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 613
Book Description
This book is for people who are interested in formulating contextual theories and testing conditional or 'context-dependent' hypotheses using quantitative methods. Given the ubiquity of conditional relationships in the study of human behavior, scholars from across the social sciences will find something of value in this reading.
Author: Benjamin Farrer Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351754408 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 281
Book Description
In this book, Benjamin Farrer explains how activists can influence the policies they care about, even when they are outnumbered and their issues are ignored. The solution lies in a surprising place: organizational choice. Different types of organizations will be more influential under particular democratic institutions. If they choose the optimal type of organization - given their institutional context - then even minority groups can be influential. Environmentalists are a key example of how small groups can sometimes punch above their weight. Environmentalists in different countries have made different organizational choices. These choices explain whether or not they succeeded in influencing policy. In the empirical chapters that follow, Farrer shows that environmentalists can sometimes be more influential if they form interest groups, but under other institutions, political parties are the optimal organizational choice. Although interest groups are often easier to create, national institutions can sometimes insulate mainstream politicians from niche interest groups. When institutions deny access to interest groups, activists are forced to send the stronger signal of party entry. Using a variety of methods, including a formal model, an experiment, and a wealth of empirical data from a variety of settings, Farrer proves that this theory of organizational choice adds to our understanding of several crucial phenomena. First, it helps explain patterns of political participation, by showing the importance of instrumental, rather than purely expressive, motivations for activism. Second, it provides an important modification to Duverger’s (1954) law, by showing that new party entry is a function not only of electoral rules but also of the rules that govern interest groups. Third, it extends research on the role of institutions in determining policy outputs, by showing that policy outcomes are a function of the interaction between organizational choices and institutional context.
Author: Neil Carter Publisher: Taylor & Francis ISBN: 0429554419 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 509
Book Description
The Routledge Handbook of Political Parties provides a systematic and comprehensive overview of the study of political parties provided by leading experts in the field. In an era of widespread political disillusionment, political parties are often the main targets of citizen dissatisfaction, yet they are the key institutions that make democracy work. Analysing political parties in unrivalled depth and breath, with comparative thematic chapters throughout, as well as a dedicated section on political parties and party politics in specific country and regional settings, this handbook examines and illuminates the key questions around: how parties organise; how their ideologies have evolved over time; their relationship with society; how they differentiate themselves and how they respond to new social, economic, and political developments. The Routledge Handbook of Political Parties is essential reading and an authoritative reference for scholars, students, researchers and practitioners involved in and actively concerned about research in the study of political parties, party systems, and party politics.
Author: Lawrence Ezrow Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0199572526 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 201
Book Description
Linking Citizens and Parties highlights the pathways through which citizens' political preferences are expressed by their political parties.
Author: James Harkin
Author: James Harkin
Author: Nazli Goharian
Author: Miltiadis D. Lytras
Author: David Watson
Author: Karleen Jones West
Author: Paul M Pedersen
Author: William Roberts Clark
Author: Benjamin Farrer
Author: Neil Carter
Author: Lawrence Ezrow