Molecular Biology of the Cell PDF Download

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780815332183
Category : Cells
Languages : en
Pages : 0

View

Book Description

Author: Michelle Antoinette Schorn
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 239

View

Book Description
Nature has created elegant and efficient ways of assembling a wide variety of diverse chemical scaffolds. Microbes are prolific producers of these secondary metabolites, which can have profound bioactivities and be harnessed for use in medicine. Within their genomes, microbes possess the blueprints for making natural products, and recent advances in high-throughput DNA sequencing have revealed a much larger repertoire of specialized chemistry than what can be observed in the lab. This bacterial 'dark matter' has the potential to contain the instructions for making countless new chemical scaffolds and represents an untapped source for drug discovery. Connecting secondary metabolite compounds with their biosynthetic gene clusters can inform novel biosynthetic transformations, provide a renewable source of promising bioactive compounds, and inspire synthetic biology approaches to assembling new molecules. Chapter 2 of this dissertation connects two pharmaceutically relevant natural products with their corresponding biosynthetic gene clusters. The epoxyketone proteasome inhibitors epoxomicin and eponemycin are naturally produced by actinomycete bacteria, and whole genome sequencing revealed their genetic underpinnings and native resistance mechanism. This work represents the first elucidation of biosynthetic gene clusters for epoxyketone proteasome inhibitors. Chapter 3 takes a wider lens to examine an understudied group of bacteria: the rare marine actinomycetes. Whole genome sequencing of a group of rare marine actinomycetes revealed an incredible wealth of biosynthetic potential and diversity not yet represented in current sequencing databases. This study establishes rare marine actinomycetes as a group worthy of further exploration for genome mining and drug discovery. Chapter 4 investigates a more complex system with a focus on uncultivatable cyanobacterial sponge symbionts. Previous work showed that the genomes of these symbionts contained the genes necessary to produce environmentally relevant poly-brominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). In assembling high quality draft genomes of two symbionts of distinct sponges, their full secondary metabolite potential was revealed. Additionally, genome mining led to the identification of two novel dysinosin molecules, representing the first example of mining for gene clusters in a metagenome assembled genome leading to new chemistry.

Author: Jack J. Pasternak
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 047171917X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 656

View

Book Description
An Introduction to Human Molecular Genetics Second Edition Jack J. Pasternak The Second Edition of this internationally acclaimed text expandsits coverage of the molecular genetics of inherited human diseaseswith the latest research findings and discoveries. Using a unique,systems-based approach, the text offers readers a thoroughexplanation of the gene discovery process and how defective genesare linked to inherited disease states in major organ and tissuesystems. All the latest developments in functional genomics,proteomics, and microarray technology have been thoroughlyincorporated into the text. The first part of the text introduces readers to the fundamentalsof cytogenetics and Mendelian genetics. Next, techniques andstrategies for gene manipulation, mapping, and isolation areexamined. Readers will particularly appreciate the text'sexceptionally thorough and clear explanation of genetic mapping.The final part features unique coverage of the molecular geneticsof distinct biological systems, covering muscle, neurological, eye,cancer, and mitochondrial disorders. Throughout the text, helpfulfigures and diagrams illustrate and clarify complex material. Readers familiar with the first edition will recognize the text'ssame lucid and engaging style, and will find a wealth of new andexpanded material that brings them fully up to date with a currentunderstanding of the field, including: * New chapters on complex genetic disorders, genomic imprinting,and human population genetics * Expanded and fully revised section on clinical genetics, coveringdiagnostic testing, molecular screening, and varioustreatments This text is targeted at upper-level undergraduate students,graduate students, and medical students. It is also an excellentreference for researchers and physicians who need a clinicallyrelevant reference for the molecular genetics of inherited humandiseases.

Author: Eva M. Neumann-Held
Publisher: Duke University Press Books
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 392

View

Book Description
In light of scientific advances such as genomics, predictive diagnostics, genetically engineered agriculture, nuclear transfer cloning, and the manipulation of stem cells, the idea that genes carry predetermined molecular programs or blueprints is pervasive. Yet new scientific discoveries—such as rna transcripts of single genes that can lead to the production of different compounds from the same pieces of dna—challenge the concept of the gene alone as the dominant factor in biological development. Increasingly aware of the tension between certain empirical results and interpretations of those results based on the orthodox view of genetic determinism, a growing number of scientists urge a rethinking of what a gene is and how it works. In this collection, a group of internationally renowned scientists present some prominent alternative approaches to understanding the role of dna in the construction and function of biological organisms. Contributors discuss alternatives to the programmatic view of dna, including the developmental systems approach, methodical culturalism, the molecular process concept of the gene, the hermeneutic theory of description, and process structuralist biology. None of the approaches cast doubt on the notion that dna is tremendously important to biological life on earth; rather, contributors examine different ideas of how dna should be represented, evaluated, and explained. Just as ideas about genetic codes have reached far beyond the realm of science, the reconceptualizations of genetic theory in this volume have broad implications for ethics, philosophy, and the social sciences. Contributors. Thomas Bürglin, Brian C. Goodwin, James Griesemer, Paul Griffiths, Jesper Hoffmeyer, Evelyn Fox Keller, Gerd B. Müller, Eva M. Neumann-Held, Stuart A. Newman, Susan Oyama, Christoph Rehmann-Sutter, Sahotra Sarkar, Jackie Leach Scully, Gerry Webster, Ulrich Wolf

Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309224187
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 354

View

Book Description
Technologies collectively called omics enable simultaneous measurement of an enormous number of biomolecules; for example, genomics investigates thousands of DNA sequences, and proteomics examines large numbers of proteins. Scientists are using these technologies to develop innovative tests to detect disease and to predict a patient's likelihood of responding to specific drugs. Following a recent case involving premature use of omics-based tests in cancer clinical trials at Duke University, the NCI requested that the IOM establish a committee to recommend ways to strengthen omics-based test development and evaluation. This report identifies best practices to enhance development, evaluation, and translation of omics-based tests while simultaneously reinforcing steps to ensure that these tests are appropriately assessed for scientific validity before they are used to guide patient treatment in clinical trials.

Author: Franklin M. Harold
Publisher:
ISBN: 0195163389
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 320

View

Book Description
Schrodinger's riddle -- The quality of life -- Cells in nature and in theory -- Molecular logic -- A (almost) comprehensible cell -- It takes a cell to make a cell -- Morphogenesis: where form and function meet -- The advance of the microbes -- By descent with modification -- So what is life? -- Searching for the beginning.

Author: National Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309045290
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 195

View

Book Description
The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."

Author: T A Brown
Publisher: Garland Science
ISBN: 1136665358
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 554

View

Book Description
Introduction to Genetics: A Molecular Approach is a new textbook for first and second year undergraduates. It first presents molecular structures and mechanisms before introducing the more challenging concepts and terminology associated with transmission genetics.

Author: Kostas Kampourakis
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107567491
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 319

View

Book Description
What are genes? What do genes do? These seemingly simple questions are in fact challenging to answer accurately. As a result, there are widespread misunderstandings and over-simplistic answers, which lead to common conceptions widely portrayed in the media, such as the existence of a gene 'for' a particular characteristic or disease. In reality, the DNA we inherit interacts continuously with the environment and functions differently as we age. What our parents hand down to us is just the beginning of our life story. This comprehensive book analyses and explains the gene concept, combining philosophical, historical, psychological and educational perspectives with current research in genetics and genomics. It summarises what we currently know and do not know about genes and the potential impact of genetics on all our lives. Making Sense of Genes is an accessible but rigorous introduction to contemporary genetics concepts for non-experts, undergraduate students, teachers and healthcare professionals.

Author: Dennis Holley
Publisher: Dog Ear Publishing
ISBN: 1457552744
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 408

View

Book Description
GENERAL BIOLOGY: Investigating Life is an introductory level college biology textbook that provides students with an accessible and engaging look at the fundamentals of biology. Written for a two-term, undergraduate course of mixed majors and non-majors, this reader-friendly text is concept driven vs. terminology driven. That is, the text is based on the underlying concepts and principles of biology rather than strict memorization of terminology. Written in a student-centered, conversational style, this educational research-based textbook uniquely connects students and our society to living things from various perspectives—economic, ecologic, medical, and cultural, exploring how the biological world and human realm are intimately intertwined. End-of-chapter questions challenge students to think critically and creatively while incorporating science process skills and biological principles.