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Author: Richard Daniel Coons Publisher: ISBN: Category : Precipitation (Meteorology) Languages : en Pages : 68
Book Description
The basic objective of this Project was to determine in definite quantitative terms the practical limits and general utility of cloud modification processes in producing or suppressing precipitation and increasing the visibility from flying aircraft. In order that the effects of the induced modifications may be clearly separated from those occurring naturally, a closely coordinated attack using all available measuring facilities was adopted.
Author: Richard Daniel Coons Publisher: ISBN: Category : Precipitation (Meteorology) Languages : en Pages : 68
Book Description
The basic objective of this Project was to determine in definite quantitative terms the practical limits and general utility of cloud modification processes in producing or suppressing precipitation and increasing the visibility from flying aircraft. In order that the effects of the induced modifications may be clearly separated from those occurring naturally, a closely coordinated attack using all available measuring facilities was adopted.
Author: Richard Daniel Coons Publisher: ISBN: Category : Clouds Languages : en Pages : 68
Book Description
The second phase of the Cloud Physics Project was carried on in the vicinity of Wilmington, Ohio, during the spring and summer of 1948. The organization, facilities, and general mode of attack were the same as those used in the first phase of the project. In this second phase of the study, the basic objective was to determine in definite quantitative terms the practical limits and economic importance of cloud modification processes in producing precipitation from cumuliform clouds.
Author: Kristine C. Harper Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 022659792X Category : History Languages : en Pages : 328
Book Description
Weather control. Juxtaposing those two words is enough to raise eyebrows in a world where even the best weather models still fail to nail every forecast, and when the effects of climate change on sea level height, seasonal averages of weather phenomena, and biological behavior are being watched with interest by all, regardless of political or scientific persuasion. But between the late nineteenth century—when the United States first funded an attempt to “shock” rain out of clouds—and the late 1940s, rainmaking (as it had been known) became weather control. And then things got out of control. In Make It Rain, Kristine C. Harper tells the long and somewhat ludicrous history of state-funded attempts to manage, manipulate, and deploy the weather in America. Harper shows that governments from the federal to the local became helplessly captivated by the idea that weather control could promote agriculture, health, industrial output, and economic growth at home, or even be used as a military weapon and diplomatic tool abroad. Clear fog for landing aircraft? There’s a project for that. Gentle rain for strawberries? Let’s do it! Enhanced snowpacks for hydroelectric utilities? Check. The heyday of these weather control programs came during the Cold War, as the atmosphere came to be seen as something to be defended, weaponized, and manipulated. Yet Harper demonstrates that today there are clear implications for our attempts to solve the problems of climate change.
Author: Samuel B. Solot Publisher: ISBN: Category : Long-range weather forecasting Languages : en Pages : 666
Book Description
In order to establish a meteorological forecasting system, it is necessary to find a direct relationship between measurable physical states of the atmosphere and the end product, the weather element to be forecast. The long range forecaster is quite limited in his choice of physical parameters. In fact only the very large-scale dynamics of the atmosphere which can be expressed in terms of mean pressure patterns are amenable to long range analysis. Thus the problem reduces to finding a link between mean planetary pressure patterns and precipitation in the Hawaiian Islands
Author: Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642458815 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1054
Book Description
45 downwards because (j on the average increases with height; but this conclusion does not follow from (18.3) when the dependency of Kc upon ~o is taken into consideration. s 2 ERTELl and PRIESTLEY and SWINBANK have shown that the upward eddy flux of sensible heat must be larger than indicated by (18.3), because this formula does not account for the fact that rising eddies are systematically warmer than sinking eddies because of the effect of buoyancy. The reader is referred to the reviews by SUTTON [22], [23] and PRIESTLEY and SHEP PARD [15) for further details concerning eddy-flux of heat and turbulent diffusion. 19. RICHARDSON'S criterion. The right-hand side of (15.10) represents the rate of production of eddy energy. The last term represents energy loss by dissipation; in order that the eddy energy shall be maintained, it is therefore necessary that P div V" - (! V" v" . grad. v > O.
Author: Ferguson Hall Publisher: ISBN: Category : Precipitation (Meteorology) Languages : en Pages : 40
Book Description
Cloud seeding operations using dry ice dispensed from aircraft have been carried out by the California Electric Power Co. in the High Sierra near Bishop, Calif., since February 1948. Limited visual observations suggest that snow showers can be produced from non-precipitating orographic clouds by seeding, the snow reaching the ground at the higher elevations. Comparison of the annual runoff from the seeded watershed with that from adjacent areas for the 3 years 1948, 1949, and 1950 showed a positive departure in the 1948-49 season significant at the 1 percent level. Significant departures did not appear during the other two years, but the average for the 3 years was significant at the 5 percent level. From the same analysis it might be estimated that the average annual flow during the 3-year period was augmented by 9 percent, with 90 percent confidence limits being zero and 18 percent. On the other hand the unusual circulation prevailing during the 1948-49 winter may have been responsible, at least in part, for the departure in flow during the season. Snow pack comparison did not indicate a significant increase in the Bishop area, but it is shown that such a result is not incompatible with the possibility that additional precipitation was produced which was not reflected in the snow surveys.
Author: Richard Daniel Coons
Author: Richard Daniel Coons
Author: Richard Daniel Coons
Author: Richard Daniel Coons
Author: United States. Dept. of Commerce
Author: Kristine C. Harper
Author: Samuel B. Solot
Author: 
Author: United States. Weather Bureau
Author: 
Author: Ferguson Hall