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Author: T. F. Connolly Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1475706987 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 692
Book Description
This volume is a joint effort of the Research Materials Information Center (RMIC) of the Solid State Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the Libraries and Information Systems Center at Bell Telephone Laboratories (BTL) Murray Hill, N. J. The Research Materials Information Center has, since 1963, been answering inquiries on the avail ability, preparation, and properties of inorganic solid-state research materials. The preparation of bibliographies has been essential to this function, and the interest in ferroelectrics led to the compila tion of the journal and report literature on that subject. The 1962 book Ferroelectric Crystals, by Jona and Shirane, was taken as a cutoff point, and all papers through mid-1969 received by the Center have been included. The Libraries and Information Systems Center of BTL has, over a period of years, developed a proprie tary package of computer programs called BELDEX, which formats and generates indexes to biblio graphic material. This group therefore undertook to process RMIC's ferroelectric references by BELDEX so that both laboratories could have the benefit of an indexed basic bibliography in this important research area.
Author: T. F. Connolly Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1475706987 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 692
Book Description
This volume is a joint effort of the Research Materials Information Center (RMIC) of the Solid State Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the Libraries and Information Systems Center at Bell Telephone Laboratories (BTL) Murray Hill, N. J. The Research Materials Information Center has, since 1963, been answering inquiries on the avail ability, preparation, and properties of inorganic solid-state research materials. The preparation of bibliographies has been essential to this function, and the interest in ferroelectrics led to the compila tion of the journal and report literature on that subject. The 1962 book Ferroelectric Crystals, by Jona and Shirane, was taken as a cutoff point, and all papers through mid-1969 received by the Center have been included. The Libraries and Information Systems Center of BTL has, over a period of years, developed a proprie tary package of computer programs called BELDEX, which formats and generates indexes to biblio graphic material. This group therefore undertook to process RMIC's ferroelectric references by BELDEX so that both laboratories could have the benefit of an indexed basic bibliography in this important research area.
Author: Marius Grundmann Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319238809 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 998
Book Description
The 3rd edition of this successful textbook contains ample material for a comprehensive upper-level undergraduate or beginning graduate course, guiding readers to the point where they can choose a special topic and begin supervised research. The textbook provides a balance between essential aspects of solid-state and semiconductor physics, on the one hand, and the principles of various semiconductor devices and their applications in electronic and photonic devices, on the other. It highlights many practical aspects of semiconductors such as alloys, strain, heterostructures, nanostructures, that are necessary in modern semiconductor research but typically omitted in textbooks. Coverage also includes additional advanced topics, such as Bragg mirrors, resonators, polarized and magnetic semiconductors, nanowires, quantum dots, multi-junction solar cells, thin film transistors, carbon-based nanostructures and transparent conductive oxides. The text derives explicit formulas for many results to support better understanding of the topics. The Physics of Semiconductors requires little or no prior knowledge of solid-state physics and evolved from a highly regarded two-semester course. In the third edition several topics are extended and treated in more depth including surfaces, disordered materials, amorphous semiconductors, polarons, thermopower and noise. More than 1800 references guide the reader to historic and current literature including original and review papers and books.
Author: T. F. Connolly Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1468462105 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 713
Book Description
Research on ferroelectricity and ferroelectric materials started in 1920 with the discovery by Valasek that the variation of spontaneous polarization in Rochelle salt with sign and magnitude of an applied electric field traced a complete and reproducible hysteresis loop. Activity in the field was sporadic until 1935, when Busch and co-workers announced the observation of similar behavior in potassium dihydrogen phosphate and related compounds. Progress thereafter continued at a modest level with the undertaking of some theoretical as well as further experimental studies. In 1944, von Hippel and co-workers discovered ferroelectricity in barium titanate. The technological importance of ceramic barium titanate and other perovskites led to an upsurge of interest, with many new ferroelectrics being identified in the following decade. By 1967, about 2000 papers on various aspects of ferroelectricity had been published. The bulk of this widely dispersed literature was concerned with the experimental measurement of dielectric, crystallographic, thermal, electromechanical, elastic, optical, and magnetic properties. A critical and excellently organized cpmpilation based on these data appeared in 1969 with the publica tion of Landolt-Bornstein, Volume 111/3. This superb tabulation gave instant access to the results in the literature on nearly 450 pure substances and solid solutions of ferroelectric and antiferroelectric materials. Continuing interest in ferroelectrics, spurred by the growing importance of electrooptic crystals, resulted in the publication of almost as many additional papers by the end of 1969 as had been surveyed in Landolt-Bornstein.
Author: Debdeep Jena Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0192598929 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 896
Book Description
”Quantum Phenomena do not occur in a Hilbert space. They occur in a laboratory”. - Asher Peres Semiconductor physics is a laboratory to learn and discover the concepts of quantum mechanics and thermodynamics, condensed matter physics, and materials science, and the payoffs are almost immediate in the form of useful semiconductor devices. Debdeep Jena has had the opportunity to work on both sides of the fence - on the fundamental materials science and quantum physics of semiconductors, and in their applications in semiconductor electronic and photonic devices. In Quantum Physics of Semiconductors and Nanostructures, Jena uses this experience to make each topic as tangible and accessible as possible to students at all levels. Consider the simplest physical processes that occur in semiconductors: electron or hole transport in bands and over barriers, collision of electrons with the atoms in the crystal, or when electrons and holes annihilate each other to produce a photon. The correct explanation of these processes require a quantum mechanical treatment. Any shortcuts lead to misconceptions that can take years to dispel, and sometimes become roadblocks towards a deeper understanding and appreciation of the richness of the subject. A typical introductory course on semiconductor physics would then require prerequisites of quantum mechanics, statistical physics and thermodynamics, materials science, and electromagnetism. Rarely would a student have all this background when (s)he takes a course of this nature in most universities. Jena's work fills in these gaps and gives students the background and deeper understanding of the quantum physics of semiconductors and nanostructures.
Author: V. Alexander Stefan Publisher: Stefan University Press ISBN: 1889545287 Category : Ferroelectric crystals Languages : en Pages : 218
Book Description
CONTENTS Preface, XI List of Contributors, XIII Part I. REPORTS. Materials Parameters Determining the Performance of 3-3 Piezocomposites C.R. Bowen, A. Perry, R. Stevens, and S. Mahon.............................................. 3 Dielectric Permittivity and Hysteresis of PZT Aerogels Stefan Geis, Jochen Fricke................................................................................ 23 Superfine Anomalies of the Cubic-Tetragonal Transition in the Perovskite-Type Ferroelectrics Detected by “mk-stabilized cell” Akira Kojima, Yukio Yoshimura, Hiroshi Iwasaki, and Ken-ichi Tozaki.......................................................................................... 33 NMR Study on m3h(seo4)2 (m: k, rb) Yasumitsu Matsuo, Keisuke Takahashi, and Seiichiro Ikehata............................. 51 Photovoltaic Effect in Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT)-Based Ceramics and Development for Photostrictor Application Kazuhiro Nonaka, Morito Akiyama, Chao-Nan Xu, Tsuyoshi Hagio, and Akira Takase.................................................................... 65 Novel Electronic Phase Transition in ii-vi Ferroelectric Semiconductor znO A. Onodera and H. Satoh................................................................................. 93 Brillouin Scattering Study of Structural Phase Transition in the kno3 Crystal Yasunari Takagi............................................................................................... 113 New Technologies for Future FeRAMs K. Uchiyama, M. Kazumura, Y. Shimada, T. Otsuki, N. Solayappan, V. Joshi, and C.A. Paz de Araujo............................................... 125 NANOCRYSTALLINE PEROVSKITE FILMS: FERROELECTRICS AND RELAXORS C. Ziebert, J.K. Krüger, H. Schmitt, A. Sternberg K.-H. Ehses, M. Marx................................................................................... 135 Part II. BRIEF REPORTS Studies of Ferroelectric Thin Film and Film-Based Device Processes via In Situ Analytic Techniques O. Auciello, S.K. Streiffer, G.B. Stephenson, J.A. Eastman, G. Bai, A.R. Krauss, J. Im, A.M. Dhote, C. Thompson, E.A. Irene, Y. Gao, A.H. Muller, M.J. Bedzyk, A. Kazimirov, D. Marasco, V.P. Dravid, A. Gruverman, S. Aggarwal, R. Ramesh, S.-H. Kim, A.I. Kingon, and C.B. Eom.................................................................................................. 155 The Spherical Random Bond – Random Field Model of Relaxor Ferroelectrics: Theory and Experiments R. Blinc, R. Pirc, B. Zalar, and A. Gregorovic.................................................... 159 Stabilization of Ferroelectricity in Quantum Paraelectrics by Isotopic Substitution A. Bussmann-Holder, H. Buttner, and A.R. Bishop............................................ 165 New Understanding of the Phases Transition Mechanism of Hydrogen-Bonded Ferroelectrics A. Bussmann-Holder, Naresh Dalal, Riqiang Fu, and Ricardo Migoni................... 167 Two Dimensional Ferroelectrics V.M. Fridkin, L.M. Blinov, S.P. Palto, S.G. Yudin, S. Ducharme, P.A. Dowben, and A.V. Bune.......................................................................... 169 Ferroelastic Twinning in Some Extremely Plastic Crystals Lyubov Kirpichnikova....................................................................................... 171 Investigation of the Anisotropy of srbi2ta2o9 and srbi2nb2o9 Through Epitaxial Growth J. Lettieri, M.A. Zurbuchen, Y. Jia, D.G. Schlom, S.K. Streiffer, and M.E. Hawley............................................................................................. 173 New Ideas in Relaxor Theory R.F. Mamin..................................................................................................... 179 Evaluation of Ferroelectric Domains in Lead Zirconate Titanate Ceramics by Poling Fields Toshio Ogawa.................................................................................................. 181 Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposited Ceramic Thin Films for Future Memory Applications M. Schumacher, J. Lindner, F. Schienle, D. Burgess, P. Strzyzewski, M. Dauelsberg, E. Merz, and H. Juergensen............................... 185 Dynamic and Static Aspects of the Antiferroelectric Phase Transition in rb3h1-xdx(so4)2 Crystals: An 87rb-nmr Study Andreas Titze and Roland Boehmer.................................................................. 187 Key Word Index………………………………………………………………………. 189 Contents of FERROELECTRICS.Vol.2. Frontier in Science and Technology Series. List of Titles. FSRC BOOKS of ABSTRACTS in Science and Technology Conference Series. List of Titles. F S R C. A Brief Info.
Author: Haitao Huang Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527342710 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 384
Book Description
Provides a comprehensive overview of the emerging applications of ferroelectric materials in energy harvesting and storage Conventional ferroelectric materials are normally used in sensors and actuators, memory devices, and field effect transistors, etc. Recent progress in this area showed that ferroelectric materials can harvest energy from multiple sources including mechanical energy, thermal fluctuations, and light. This book gives a complete summary of the novel energy-related applications of ferroelectric materials?and reviews both the recent advances as well as the future perspectives in this field. Beginning with the fundamentals of ferroelectric materials, Ferroelectric Materials for Energy Applications offers in-depth chapter coverage of: piezoelectric energy generation; ferroelectric photovoltaics; organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites for solar energy conversion; ferroelectric ceramics and thin films in electric energy storage; ferroelectric polymer composites in electric energy storage; pyroelectric energy harvesting; ferroelectrics in electrocaloric cooling; ferroelectric in photocatalysis; and first-principles calculations on ferroelectrics for energy applications. -Covers a highly application-oriented subject with great potential for energy conversion and storage applications. -Focused toward a large, interdisciplinary group consisting of material scientists, solid state physicists, engineering scientists, and industrial researchers -Edited by the "father of integrated ferroelectrics" Ferroelectric Materials for Energy Applications is an excellent book for researchers working on ferroelectric materials and energy materials, as well as engineers looking to broaden their view of the field.
Author: Tim Cornelissen Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press ISBN: 9179298281 Category : Electronic books Languages : en Pages : 94
Book Description
The continued digitalization of our society means that more and more things are getting connected electronically. Since currently used inorganic electronics are not well suited for these new applications because of costs and environmental issues, organic electronics can play an important role here. These essentially plastic materials are cheap to produce and relatively easy to recycle. Unfortunately, their poor performance has so far hindered widespread application beyond displays. One key component of any electronic device is the memory. For organic electronics several technologies are being investigated that could serve as memories. One of these are the ferroelectrics, materials that have a spontaneous electrical polarization that can be reversed with an electric field. This bistable polarization which shows hysteresis makes these materials excellent candidates for use as memories. This thesis focuses on a specific type of organic ferroelectric, the supramolecular discotics. These materials consist of disk?like molecules that form columns in which all dipolar groups are aligned, giving a macroscopic ferroelectric polarization. Of particular interest are the benzenetricarboxamides (BTA), which are used as a model system for the whole class of discotic ferroelectrics. BTA uses a core?shell architecture which allows for easy modification of the molecular structure and thereby the ferroelectric properties. To gain a deeper understanding of the switching processes in this organic ferroelectric BTA, both microscopic and analytical modeling are used. This is supported by experimental data obtained through electrical characterization. The microscopic model reduces the material to a collection of dipoles and uses electrostatics to calculate the probability that these dipoles flip. These flipping rates are the input for a kinetic Monte Carlo simulation (kMC), which simulates the behavior of the dipoles over time. With this model we simulated three different switching processes on experimental time and length scales: hysteresis loops, spontaneous depolarization, and switching transients. The results of these simulations showed a good agreement with experiments and we can rationalize the obtained parameter dependencies in the framework of thermally activated nucleation limited switching (TA?NLS). The microscopic character of the model allows for a unique insight into the nucleation process of the polarization switching. We found that nucleation happens at different locations for field driven polarization switching as compared to spontaneous polarization switching. Field?driven nucleation happens at the contacts, whereas spontaneous depolarization starts at defects. This means that retention times in disordered ferroelectrics could be improved by reducing the disorder, without affecting the coercive field. Detailed analysis of the nucleation process also revealed a critical nucleation volume that decreases with applied field, which explains the Merz?like field?dependence of the switching time observed in experiments. In parallel to these microscopic simulations we developed an analytical framework based on the theory of TA?NLS. This framework is mainly focused on describing the switching transients of disordered ferroelectrics. It can be combined with concepts of the Preisach model, which considers a non?ideal ferroelectric as a collection of ideal hysterons. We were able to relate these hysterons and the distribution in their up? and down?switching fields to the microscopic structure of the material and use the combined models to explain experimentally observed dispersive switching kinetics. Whereas ferroelectrics on their own could potentially serve as memories, the readout of ferroelectric memories becomes easier if they are combined with semiconductors. We have introduced several molecular materials following the same design principle of a core?shell structure, which uniquely combine ferroelectricity and semiconductivity in one material. The experimental IV?curves of these materials could be described using an asymmetric Marcus hopping model and show their potential as memories. The combination of modeling and experimental work in this thesis thereby provides an increased understanding of organic ferroelectrics, which is crucial for their application as memories.
Author: B. M. Caruta Publisher: Nova Publishers ISBN: 9781594548970 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 304
Book Description
Nanotechnology is a 'catch-all' description of activities at the level of atoms and molecules that have applications in the real world. A nanometre is a billionth of a meter, about 1/80,000 of the diameter of a human hair, or 10 times the diameter of a hydrogen atom. Nanotechnology is now used in precision engineering, new materials development as well as in electronics; electromechanical systems as well as mainstream biomedical applications in areas such as gene therapy, drug delivery and novel drug discovery techniques. This book presents the latest research in this frontier field.
Author: T. F. Connolly
Author: T. F. Connolly
Author: Vladimir Mikhaĭlovich Fridkin
Author: M. E. Lines
Author: Marius Grundmann
Author: T. F. Connolly
Author: Debdeep Jena
Author: V. Alexander Stefan
Author: Haitao Huang
Author: Tim Cornelissen
Author: B. M. Caruta