Author: Chouth Mal Yadav Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783844388084 Category : Languages : en Pages : 156
Book Description
Cattle is an important farm animal which play significant role in farmers economy and form an integral part of the farming system in Indian agriculture by providing milk, manure and draught power with very little input. India has a large bovine population that is 57 % buffaloes and 16 % cattle of the world (Economic survey, Cattle is an important farm animal which play Cattle is an important farm animal which play significant role in farmers economy and form an integral part of the farming system by providing milk, manure and draught power with very little input. But their average growth and milk production is low. It is therefore essential to develop proper feeding strategies to match livestock production system with the available resources. Thus, there is a global interest to optimize the utilization of dietary protein within the ruminant system with respect to various productive traits. It is, therefore suggested that formaldehyde treatment of GNC (@ 1.0 g/100 g CP) should be taken up by the feed industry on a commercial scale for manufacturing bypass protein, as the feeding of treated groundnut cake proved beneficial in improving growth rate and milk production.
Author: Mane, S.H. Publisher: New India Publishing Agency ISBN: 9385516604 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 7
Book Description
The feeding management plays an important role in sustaining higher milk production in high producing dairy animals and especially nutrition during transition period of dairy animals during 3 weeks prior and 3 weeks after parturition is critically important to health, production and profitability of dairy. Nutrition and management of cows during the transition period has received tremendous interest in recent years in developed countries but relatively less attention is being paid in the developing countries like India. With understanding of role of energy and protein nutrition in managing the transition period some technologies like protected fat and protein alone or in combination has been practiced by few dairy farmers but many are still ignorant about it. The experimental results obtained with the use of these technologies have been discussed in greater depth in this book with emphasis on its profitable effect on early lactation performance and post partum reproduction. The role of energy nutrients as by pass fat and protein as by pass protein in isolation and in combination has also been discussed in the light of regaining the positive energy balance state after the parturition and its association with increased milk yield and improved post partum reproduction
Author: Roy Kellaway Publisher: Landlinks Press ISBN: 0643098925 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 190
Book Description
This book presents strategies for feeding energy and protein supplements to pasture-fed dairy cows and examines the potential economic benefits. Effective supplementary feeding of concentrates is critical to the success of all dairy farms. This book is a substantially revised edition of 'Feeding Concentrates: Supplements for Dairy Cows' DRDC 1993. It focuses on feeding concentrates to pasture fed cows to achieve high milk production per cow per hectare, and will assist farmers to decide which supplements give the best results in their particular situation. The benefits that arise from supplementary feeding include higher stocking rates, promotion of growth in heifers and young cows; better body condition score and increased lactation length when pasture is less available; improved pasture use; reduced cost per tonne of pasture eaten; flexibility to increase milk production when milk prices are high; and increased milk protein content when the energy content in pasture is low. This edition has thoroughly reviewed the issues and clearly documents the results of research particularly for grains supplementation. The summaries and recommendations in each chapter will be particularly helpful to dairy farmers in making best management decisions relating to concentrate feeding.
Author: Ethan Garrett Carder Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 109
Book Description
The first few weeks after parturition in dairy cattle is a time marked by low, but increasing, feed intake and sharply increasing milk production. Because of low intake, nutrient density of the diet may need to be higher during this period to support increasing milk yields. We hypothesized that feeding higher levels of metabolizable protein (MP) and feeding supplemental rumen protected methionine and lysine would increase milk yield and protein concentration. The experiment consisted of 2 phases. Fifty-six Holstein cows (21 primiparous and 35 multiparous), starting at 3 DIM, were used in a randomized-block design with three diets (phase 1). At approximately 23 DIM, cows were moved into a free stall barn and fed the control diet (phase 2) to observe potential carry-over effects on production. Estimated DMI used in formulation was 17 kg/d. The treatments were control (16.5% CP, 10.9% RDP, 5.6% RUP, formulated for 25.1 kg/d MP allowable milk based on NRC model), high protein (HP; 18.5% CP,11.6% RDP, 6.9% RUP, 29.9 MP allowable milk), and amino acid treatment (MPAA; 17.5% CP, 10.5% RDP, 7.0% RUP 29.7 MP allowable milk). The MPAA diet included a proprietary spray-dried blood meal product (Perdue Agribusiness, Salisbury, MD) that provided 174 g/d and 62 g/d of dietary rumen-protected lysine and methionine, respectively, per the NRC model. The MP diet provided an estimated 156 g/d lysine and 45 g/d methionine, and the control diet provided 149 g/d lysine and 41 g/d methionine. Milk production and DMI were measured daily and milk was sampled for components on day 8, 15, and 20 during phase 1 and on day 30 during phase 2. Statistical model included parity, treatment, and week fixed effects, random effect of block, and cow as the experimental unit. In phase 1, treatment and treatment by parity interaction did not affect milk yield (33.6, 34.5, and 33.1 kg for Control, HP, and MPAA, respectively), DMI (17.8, 17.8, 18.5 kg/d for Control, HP, and MPAA, respectively), or milk protein yield (1.11 kg/d). Milk protein concentration was higher (3.30% vs 3.17% and 3.17%) for MPAA treatment as compared to the HP and control, respectively. Energy corrected milk (ECM) was higher (39.0 and 38.5 vs 35.2 kg) for MPAA and HP than for the control, respectively. MUN was higher (14.3 vs 12.7 and 11.5 mg/dl) for the Control compared to HP and MPAA. Plasma concentrations of Met were increased in HP and MPAA compared to the control, with MPAA being the highest. Plasma concentrations of 3-methylhistidine was decreased in HP and MPAA compared to the control. Production responses, for phases 1 and 2 combined, did not differ in HP and MPAA compared to the control. Overall, supplementing rumen-protected lysine and methionine with extra HP can increase ECM yield, milk protein concentration, and milk fat concentration and yield during the first 3 weeks of lactation.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309037956 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 384
Book Description
This lively book examines recent trends in animal product consumption and diet; reviews industry efforts, policies, and programs aimed at improving the nutritional attributes of animal products; and offers suggestions for further research. In addition, the volume reviews dietary and health recommendations from major health organizations and notes specific target levels for nutrients.
Author: Mateus Zucato Toledo Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Methionine (Met) is one of the most studied and characterized functional amino acid with several functions such as DNA methylation, synthesis of other molecules (e.g choline, polyamines, and carnitine,), and antioxidant balance. Thus, Met is an AA of potential interest during the periparturient period for dairy cows and may improve health, and consequently lactation and reproductive performance. The main hypothesis of this dissertation was that feeding rumen-protected Met (RPM) in a total mixed ration (TMR) during the pre- and postpartum period would increase plasma Met concentrations and improve lactation, reproductive performance, and health of dairy cows. The main projects were a collaboration between University of Wisconsin-Madison and Cornell University to enroll a large number (> 400) of cows in a pen-based design. Cows fed RPM had greater lactation performance via increased milk protein yield (overall +50 g) and concentration (+0.12 percentage units), and milk fat concentration (+0.10), but other lactation response variables were unaffected. In addition, cows fed RPM in the TMR had increased plasma Met during the periparturient period (+38%) and at a later stage of lactation (+86 to 105%) consistently throughout the day, with no changes in other AA. We observed no effect on overall reproductive efficiency, nor on the incidence of clinical health disorders. However, cows fed RPM had a reduced the number of cows with subclinical hypocalcemia on the day of parturition (-38%; UW only) and tended to have a reduced number of cows culled/sold (-32%; UW and CU). An analysis of the interaction of health disorders and RPM feeding showed that RPM feeding alleviated negative impacts of health disorders on production and reproduction. For example, feeding RPM increased milk protein production (+70 g) and reduced the time to pregnancy (mean decrease of 24 d) in cows with health disorders but not in cows without health disorders. In conclusion, feeding RPM during the pre- and postpartum period increased plasma Met and milk protein production. In contrast, feeding RPM did not reduce incidence of specific health disorders, except subclinical hypocalcemia, and did not produce any overall improvement in reproductive performance. Nevertheless, the results from these studies provided evidence to support a novel hypothesis that additional metabolizable Met, provides positive effects on production and reproduction but only in cows with health disorders and not in cows without health disorders. Since this concept was discovered during exploratory analysis of our results, important biological and practical implications and needs to be considered and thoroughly tested in future research on Met in reproduction.
Author: Chouth Mal Yadav
Author: Mane, S.H.
Author: Roy Kellaway
Author: Ethan Garrett Carder
Author: Bernard Guillaume
Author: Jean-Marie Vianney Akayezu
Author: National Research Council
Author: J. H. Clark
Author: John B. Owen
Author: Mateus Zucato Toledo