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Author: Chunyan Wang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Rural roads Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Southeastern states have about 26 percent of the nations total fatalities, and are about 24 percent above the national mean over recent years. Descriptive statistics, graphs, and figures are used to illustrate and quantify the crash trends, which depict a comprehensive picture of status and trends of the fatal crashes in southeastern states. The severity of crashes is studied as a function of characteristics of the person involved in the crash, vehicle, traffic condition, physical road geometry, and environmental factors. Detailed geometric feature data were collected for this study, which makes it possible to investigate the relationship between geometric features and crash severity. This study identifies causal factors contributing to the high fatality rate in southeastern states, and sheds light on the differences and similarities among these states for reducing the severity of fatal crashes, by developing multinomial logit models to explain the severity and type of fatal crashes.
Author: Chunyan Wang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Rural roads Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Southeastern states have about 26 percent of the nations total fatalities, and are about 24 percent above the national mean over recent years. Descriptive statistics, graphs, and figures are used to illustrate and quantify the crash trends, which depict a comprehensive picture of status and trends of the fatal crashes in southeastern states. The severity of crashes is studied as a function of characteristics of the person involved in the crash, vehicle, traffic condition, physical road geometry, and environmental factors. Detailed geometric feature data were collected for this study, which makes it possible to investigate the relationship between geometric features and crash severity. This study identifies causal factors contributing to the high fatality rate in southeastern states, and sheds light on the differences and similarities among these states for reducing the severity of fatal crashes, by developing multinomial logit models to explain the severity and type of fatal crashes.
Author: United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Publisher: ISBN: Category : Traffic accidents Languages : en Pages : 76
Book Description
This study investigates the fatalities on the National Crash Severity Study (NCSS) of towaway, passenger car accidents. The analysis is in three stages. First, NCSS fatalities are compared to the fatally-injured occupants reported on the Fatal Accident Reporting System (FARS), as a tool for evaluating the representativeness of the NCSS data. Second, estimates of the probability of fatality for NCSS are computed for various conditions, such as the incidence of fire and the sex of the occupant. Third, in cases where two factors are highly correlated, such as is the case for rollover and ejection, modeling techniques are used to help quantify the effects of each variable. The results of this study suggest the following preliminary conclusions: (1) FARS and NCSS have similar distributions of many variables. These include urbanization, size of vehicles, type damage to vehicle, occupant seating location, sex, and restraint use. Differences resulting from the investigative methods and geographical areas of the two studies are identified and assessed. (2) On the NCSS file, many variables are associated with a much higher rate of fatality. These include (a) at the accident level: the number of vehicles involved, urbanization, and the incidence of fire or explosion; (b) at the vehicle level: the change of velocity at impact, the direction of the impacting force, and vehicle damage area; and (c) at the occupant level: seating position, age, sex, ejection, entrapment, and restraint use. (3) Rollover and ejection, which often occur together, are each independently associated with a higher rate of fatality. Of the two factors, ejection appears more related to a higher probability of fatality than does rollover alone. NCSS is the best currently-available source of accident data for analyzing injury-related factors. This report attempts to describe the accidents occurring in the NCSS sampling areas, and suggest ideas for further research.
Author: Cejun Liu Publisher: ISBN: Category : Traffic accident victims Languages : en Pages : 80
Book Description
This study analyzes speeding-related motor vehicle traffic fatal crashes using NHTSA's Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS). Of interest are characteristics of drivers that are speeding as well as the extent of this problem in the states. The analysis is presented along major categories of interest that are likely to affect speeding like environmental, behavioral and vehicle-related factors. A separate section discusses the extent of speeding-related crashes by state.
Author: James D. Munyon Publisher: ISBN: Category : Crash injuries Languages : en Pages : 94
Book Description
In 2015, 35,092 people died in motor vehicle crashes in the United States. This was a 7.2% increase over 2014 and represented the first year-to-year fatality increase after several years of decline. In response to this, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) published their Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) motor vehicle fatal crash census data three months early, and tasked students and researchers to dig into the data. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate (1) which FARS variables are associated with higher fatality risk for the 80,587 individuals who were involved in the 2015 fatal crashes, and (2) which ones are associated with those fatal crashes that involved more than one fatality (92.69% of the 32,166 fatal accidents just resulted in one death, but the other 7.31% had two or more fatalities, so this later group of accidents is particularly interesting). The individuals will be split up into four groups: drivers of motor vehicles, other occupants of motor vehicles, pedestrians, and pedalcyclists (individuals riding bicycles at the time of an accident). Analysis methods will involve logistic regressions for each of the four person groups, with survivor/fatality status as the response, and multinomial logistic regression and Poisson regression for the accidents, with fatality count as the response. Decision tree models will also be fit in tandem and will represent an alternative modeling strategy. Models will be compared with one another in terms of number of variables used, shared variables, as well as various measures of predictive ability.We find that factors such as alcohol use, number of people involved in the crash, and certain crash-specific details (some first harmful events of the crash and manners (type) of collision in the crash) are associated with increased fatality risk for individuals and increased fatality counts in accidents. We review the main findings that held across most of the models, make policy recommendations for NHTSA and the US DOT, and discuss future work that could make analysis of FARS data more sophisticated and complete.
Author: David Bruce Clarke Publisher: ISBN: Category : Rural roads Languages : en Pages : 96
Book Description
Traffic crash statistics indicate that the eight southeastern states (Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Kentucky) consistently have higher numbers and rates of fatal motor vehicle crashes than the national averages. Under the auspices of the Federal Highway Administration, these southeastern states are conducting a pooled fund study to investigate the overrepresentation of crashes in the region. This study is being coordinated by the Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech), with universities in each of the other states serving in a supporting role. This report addresses South Carolina's portion of the study, as performed by a Clemson University research team. The principal objectives of this research were to obtain for the South Carolina Department of Transportation a set of data records for randomly selected fatal crashes on rural South Carolina two-lane roads, evaluate these data, and ascertain how the safety of these roads might be improved by specific crash countermeasures. A comprehensive data set was collected for 157 randomly selected fatal crashes.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Crash injuries Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Provides access to fatal crash information, as reported to the NHTSA. Site includes acronyms, terms, various types of reports (trends, crashes, vehicles, people, and states), data requests, and a search engine.
Author: Chunyan Wang
Author: Chunyan Wang
Author: Karen Dixon
Author: United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Author: Karen Dixon
Author: Adam J. Kirk
Author: Cejun Liu
Author: James D. Munyon
Author: John M. Sullivan
Author: David Bruce Clarke
Author: