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Author: Reta Tsegaye Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783659356827 Category : Languages : en Pages : 92
Book Description
This book contains article discussing about contraceptive demand of people living with HIV/AIDS which helps readers to have knowhow about family planning need among these populations and it also gives an insight about ideas behind not using family planning methods among People Living With HIV/AIDS.Hence, purchase and read the book and then you improve and get understanding in the area of HIV/AIDS and reproductive health.
Author: Reta Tsegaye Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783659356827 Category : Languages : en Pages : 92
Book Description
This book contains article discussing about contraceptive demand of people living with HIV/AIDS which helps readers to have knowhow about family planning need among these populations and it also gives an insight about ideas behind not using family planning methods among People Living With HIV/AIDS.Hence, purchase and read the book and then you improve and get understanding in the area of HIV/AIDS and reproductive health.
Author: Eliud Wekesa Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The availability of antiretroviral treatment (ART) is enabling people living with HIV or AIDS (PLWHA) to reconsider their sexual and reproductive lives. The sexual and reproductive health (SRH) decisions that PLWHA make have implications for HIV transmission and prevention. Yet very little is known about SRH of PLWHA in subSaharan Africa, as studies as well as prevention strategies have historically neglected them and SRH matters are often not part of HIV/AIDS treatment and care services. This study looks at how HIV-positive men and women negotiate their sexual and reproductive lives and the barriers to the realisation of SRH needs in Nairobi slums. This study employs a mixed methods study design involving both quantitative (survey n=513) and qualitative (in-depth interviews n=41 and key informant interviews n=14). Respondents were systematically recruited from the community in two slums in Nairobi for quantitative interviews, a subset of which was followed on for in-depth interviewing. Quantitative analyses include univariate, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression modelling. Qualitative data were transcribed, and coded and thematically analysed. SRH outcomes of the study include sexual activity/inactivity, condom use, multiple sexual partnerships, fertility intentions, contraceptive use and unmet need for family planning. Quantitative and qualitative components of the entire study are integrated throughout both analysis and interpretation. The findings show that the SRH outcomes of PLWHA are somewhat different from the general population, but similar with other PLWHA in similar settings. Condom use at last sex is high although consistent use is an issue. PLWHA exhibit fertility desires and contraceptive behaviour that is more geared towards limiting fertility, but face barriers, and hence the high unmet need for contraception. The SRH outcomes are shaped by demographic (e.g. age, parity), socio-cultural (gender, societal norms)relationship (disclosure, intimacy, pleasure) and health factors (ART use, duration of HIV and side-effects and health concerns). Their SRH outcomes are reflective of their efforts for social approval. However, there is a conflict between social validation and moral pressures for HIV prevention presenting a dilemma to many about "proper" SRH behaviour in the ART era. There is need to include SRH counselling and services as part of the standard HIV treatment and care services for PLWHA.
Author: World Health Organization Publisher: World Health Organization ISBN: 9241549998 Category : Health & Fitness Languages : en Pages : 144
Book Description
he starting point for this guideline is the point at which a woman has learnt that she is living with HIV and it therefore covers key issues for providing comprehensive sexual and reproductive health and rights-related services and support for women living with HIV. As women living with HIV face unique challenges and human rights violations related to their sexuality and reproduction within their families and communities as well as from the health-care institutions where they seek care particular emphasis is placed on the creation of an enabling environment to support more effective health interventions and better health outcomes. This guideline is meant to help countries to more effectively and efficiently plan develop and monitor programmes and services that promote gender equality and human rights and hence are more acceptable and appropriate for women living with HIV taking into account the national and local epidemiological context. It discusses implementation issues that health interventions and service delivery must address to achieve gender equality and support human rights.
Author: Steven P. Masiano Publisher: ISBN: Category : Family planning services Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This dissertation examines the effectiveness of interventions related to family planning and the uptake of HIV-related preventive services among women in low-income settings. Women in low-income settings and living with HIV face many barriers to care, including limited access to services for family planning and HIV-related preventive care. At the same time, national, regional, and global efforts are looking for interventions to help control rapid population growth, create an HIV-free generation, and provide adequate preventive care for those living with HIV. This dissertation cuts across these issues and can help to inform debate and policies to address these issues. This dissertation comprises three discrete papers. Paper 1 (chapter 1) examines the effectiveness of a national scale-up of community-based distribution of family planning services on contraceptive use in Malawi's rural areas during the period 2005-2016. The national-scale up of the intervention followed the success of a pilot of a similar intervention implemented in the period 1999-2004. As in the pilot, the scaled-up program distributed condoms and oral contraceptives and provided family planning education. Further, because education and income are important determinants of individual contraceptive use, the paper also examines whether the effectiveness of the national scale CBDs varies over these dimensions. The paper uses the Malawi Demographic and Health Surveys. The study finds that the intervention increased contraceptive use by 6.8 percentage points and the effects were greater among uneducated and low-income women. Paper 2 (chapter 2) conducts a cost-effectiveness analysis of a trial of cash incentives aimed at increasing the uptake of services for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV. The trial was conducted in the Democratic of the Congo (DRC) as part of an effort to find ways of increasing uptake of PMTCT services in sub-Saharan Africa where uptake of these services remains low. The study is conducted from the societal perspective, relies on multiple sources within and outside of the DRC for cost data, and reports economic costs in 2016 International Dollars (I$). At a threshold of 3*GDP per capita for the DRC (I$2409), the study finds that the intervention is cost-effective. Paper 3 (chapter 3) examines the guideline concordance of the time to follow-up anal cancer screening in women living with HIV at high risk for anal cancer. In the US, the incidence of anal cancer in women living with HIV has increased significantly in the past 2-3 decades. However, early detection of anal cancer, through regular screening, can lead to effective secondary prevention of the disease. While guidelines for anal cancer screening exist, very little is known about the guideline concordance of the time to follow-up anal cancer screening in women at high risk of acquiring anal cancer. Hence this study. The study uses Medicaid Analytic eXtract files which compile claims of individuals enrolled in Medicaid--a public health insurance program largely for eligible low-income adults and the largest single payer for HIV/AIDS in the US. The study finds that time to follow-up screening is not guideline-concordant for most women living with HIV, particularly those with one of the two risk factors for anal cancer: a history of abnormal cervical test results or a history of genital warts.
Author: Mitsiwat Abebe Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783843378208 Category : Languages : en Pages : 64
Book Description
HIV Positive individuals may or may not have intention to have children. they could also have different degree of utilization and demand for family planning. The extent of this desire and how it varies by individual, social,health and demographic characteristics is not well understood. The desire of HIV infected persons to have children in the future has significant implication for transmission of HIV to sexual partners or newborns. A high proportion of HIV positive individuals who received medical care expressed a desire for children. the extent of fertility intention and family planning needs of these people has implication for vertical,heterosexual transmission and need consideration. A better and evidence based understanding of fertility intention and demand for contraception is needed to promote and protect the rights of women and men living with HIV/AIDS to make informed decisions about reproduction and to have access to appropriate sexual reproductive health services.
Author: World Health Organization Publisher: World Health Organization ISBN: 9241547626 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 240
Book Description
The main aim of this practical Handbookis to strengthen counselling and communication skills of skilled attendants (SAs) and other health providers, helping them to effectively discuss with women, families and communities the key issues surrounding pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum, postnatal and post-abortion care. Counselling for Maternal and Newborn Health Careis divided into three main sections. Part 1 is an introduction which describes the aims and objectives and the general layout of the Handbook. Part 2 describes the counselling process and outlines the six key steps to effective counselling. It explores the counselling context and factors that influence this context including the socio-economic, gender, and cultural environment. A series of guiding principles is introduced and specific counselling skills are outlined. Part 3 focuses on different maternal and newborn health topics, including general care in the home during pregnancy; birth and emergency planning; danger signs in pregnancy; post-abortion care; support during labor; postnatal care of the mother and newborn; family planning counselling; breastfeeding; women with HIV/AIDS; death and bereavement; women and violence; linking with the community. Each Session contains specific aims and objectives, clearly outlining the skills that will be developed and corresponding learning outcomes. Practical activities have been designed to encourage reflection, provoke discussions, build skills and ensure the local relevance of information. There is a review at the end of each session to ensure the SAs have understood the key points before they progress to subsequent sessions.
Author: Donald Joseph Bogue Publisher: ISBN: 9781884211102 Category : AIDS (Disease) Languages : en Pages : 264
Book Description
Comprehensive treatise designed as a textbook for demographers, social scientists, and public policy / health specialists. Replete with original research, it assimilates all theoretical and program "schools" of fertility into a psycho-social model developed by Ronald Freedman. Essays on the international family planning movement and on USAID's role in fertility decline; comprehensive analysis of DHS data for communication for HIV/AIDS and for topics of reproductive health.
Author: Janet Fleischman Publisher: ISBN: Category : AIDS (Disease) Languages : en Pages : 14
Book Description
"The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) is well positioned to serve as a foundation for other global health programs, building on its health infrastructure, training, and systems. To fulfill that potential in the vital area of women's health will require integrating HIV/AIDS services with family planning and reproductive health services. The results from U.S. health investments in Tanzania indicate that this is a feasible and cost-effective strategy to combat the AIDS epidemic and promote the health of women and girls, and through them their families and communities. The lessons being learned in Tanzania should inform the scale up of strategic integration under PEPFAR for these critical interventions. This report examines the situation in Tanzania, where the United States has supported the national government in making notable progress toward integrating HIV services with family planning and reproductive health, particularly through PMTCT programs. Integration in Tanzania has been driven by a number of factors, including political commitment from the national government, specified funding from the United States, and experience brought by some PEPFAR implementing partners in the area of family planning-HIV integration. Yet despite the improved policy environment, ongoing barriers remain in implementation, financing for integration, and integration of family planning as a core component of PEPFAR's treatment programs"--Publisher's description.
Author: Reta Tsegaye
Author: Reta Tsegaye
Author: Eliud Wekesa
Author: World Health Organization
Author: Steven P. Masiano
Author: Mitsiwat Abebe
Author: Evasius Bauni
Author: World Health Organization
Author: Donald Joseph Bogue
Author: Janet Fleischman
Author: D. J. Bogue