Author: Thomas Fred ArmstrongPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acetanilide
Languages : en
Pages : 196
Book Description
Factors Affecting the Response of Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus Esculentus L.) to 2-chloro-2', 6'-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl) Acetanilide (alachlor)
Author: Thomas Fred ArmstrongPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acetanilide
Languages : en
Pages : 196
Book Description
Degradation of Alachlor [2-chloro-2',6'-diethyl-n-(methoxymethyl) Acetanilide] in Soils and by Microorganisms
![Degradation of Alachlor [2-chloro-2',6'-diethyl-n-(methoxymethyl) Acetanilide] in Soils and by Microorganisms PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/IBv48XFQ2MUC?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Robert Walter TaylorPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural chemicals
Languages : en
Pages : 84
Book Description
Health Aspects of Pesticides Abstract Bulletin
Author: Mechanisms of Uptake and Some Factors Influencing the Toxicity of 2-chloro-2', 6'-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl) Acetanilide (alachlor) for Selected Plant Species
Author: Bareld Egge GroenwoldPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Plant translocation
Languages : en
Pages : 240
Book Description
A number of studies with 14C-labeled 2-chloro-2', 6'-diethyl- N-(methoxymethyl) acetanilide (alachlor) were conducted to obtain information about the mechanisms of uptake of this herbicide. In other studies, technical alachlor as well as the emulsifiable concentrate formulation of the chemical were used to investigate the effect of several factors on the toxicity of the herbicide. Corn and oats absorbed alachor primarily in a passive way. The uptake of the herbicide in both species was slightly reduced in the presence of metabolic inhibitors. The reduction was somewhat stronger in corn than in oats. A raise in temperature increased the uptake of alachlor only slightly. Q10 values of about 1.2 were found. The part of the total uptake affected by metabolic inhibitors followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics over the alachlor concentration range of 0.1 mM to 0.5 mM. Uptake of alachlor was measured in the presence of an analog, propachlor. Propachlor reduced the uptake of alachlor at a concentra- tion of 0.3 mM for both chemicals. At a concentration of 0.03 mM for each herbicide alachlor uptake was less reduced. Total uptake by corn and oats was nearly identical up to a concentration of 0.1 mM. At higher concentrations alachlor absorption by oats was about twice as high as by corn. This would suggest that selective uptake by the two species could at least partly account for the difference in tolerance towards alachlor. A study was conducted to determine if P, K and Ca levels in oat plants were affected by alachlor treatment. P and Ca content was not affected by the presence of alachlor, but a gradual decrease in K level with increasing herbicide concentrations was observed. Uptake of alachlor through the shoot region exceeded absorption by the roots in the two monocotyledonous species, corn and oats. Two dictos, soybean and cucumber, absorbed higher amounts of the herbicide through the roots. Shoot exposure of corn and cucumber was most damaging to the plant, while root exposure was more damaging to oats and soybean. The effect of alachlor on the growth of oats and cucumber at various levels of sub-irrigation and carrier volume could be explained on the basis of differences in effective absorption regions in the plants. Photoperiod had, in contrast with light intensity, no effect on the activity of the herbicide to corn, cucumber and oats. An increase in light intensity up to 1600 ft-c increased the toxicity of alachlor in corn and cucumber, but not in oats. The activity at 2000 ft-c was only slightly higher than at 60 ft-c, and less than at 660 ft-c. In the case of cucumber, an increase in alachlor concentration had very little effect at 2000 ft-c, in contrast with the other light intensities.
Relationship of Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus Esculentus L.) Control to Persistence and Mobility of Several Acetanilide Herbicides in the Soil
Author: Alfred Joseph CorneliusPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Herbicides
Languages : en
Pages : 224
Book Description
Some Herbicidal Properties of 2-chloro 2', 6'-diethyl - N - (methoxymethyl) Acetanilide
Author: Osvaldo Trivelli GrandalPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Herbicides
Languages : en
Pages : 118
Book Description
Studies were conducted to determine the site of 2-chloro 2', 6'-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl) acetanilide (CP 50144) toxicity on barnyardgrass (Echinocloa crusgalli (L.) (Beauv.). This was done by means of a technique which used separate layers of treated soil to expose differentially the roots and/or the shoots of barnyardgrass seedlings. Coleoptiles that emerged through treated soil were completely killed. When only the roots were exposed to treated soil, the plants survived but a significant reduction in yield occurred. A study was conducted to investigate the possible differential susceptibility of corn strains to CP 50144. One double cross hybrid, the two single crosses and the four inbreds involved were tested at concentrations ranging from 0 to 16 ppm. Dry matter yields of shoots and roots were determined. No differential susceptibility was encountered at any of the rates tested. The persistence of CP 50144 in the soil was studied at four temperatures ranging from -12°C to +35°C. The study period was 151 days. Four rates of the product, ranging from 0 to 16 ppm., were tested. It was found that degradation was dependent on three factors which interacted significantly. Maximum detoxification occurred with maximum time of incubation, when temperature of storage was kept at +25°C and the rates of the chemical were minimal. A bioassay was used because no chemical analysis was available. The product was still so active after 151 days of storage that no growth could be detected at a concentration of 16 ppm. at any of the temperatures tested. The performance of the herbicide in the field was evaluated in an experiment involving corn growing in a field heavily seeded with barnyardgrass. No special benefit was derived from incorporation when compared with surface, pre-emergence application. No differences were detected either when CP 50144 was applied to a dry or pre-irrigated soil. Paramount control of the weed was obtained with two pounds of active ingredient per acre. No difference could be detected when this rate was compared with the four pound per acre rate.
Health Aspects of Pesticides Abstract Bulletin
Author: Comprehensive Dissertation Index
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 1086
Book Description
Vols. for 1973- include the following subject areas: Biological sciences, Agriculture, Chemistry, Environmental sciences, Health sciences, Engineering, Mathematics and statistics, Earth sciences, Physics, Education, Psychology, Sociology, Anthropology, History, Law & political science, Business & economics, Geography & regional planning, Language & literature, Fine arts, Library & information science, Mass communications, Music, Philosophy and Religion.
Comprehensive Dissertation Index: Agriculture
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 1080
Book Description
American Doctoral Dissertations
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertation abstracts
Languages : en
Pages : 642
Book Description