Fabrication and Characterization of Metal-Loaded Mixed Metal Oxides Gas Sensors for the Detection of Hazardous Gases PDF Download
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Author: Chang-Seop Lee Publisher: ISBN: Category : Technology Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This study concerns gas sensors that may protect individuals by detecting hazardous gases that may be generated in hot spaces (≥50°C) with residues of organic waste. We investigated the responses and selectivities of the sensors to different kinds of hazardous gases such as acetaldehyde, toluene and hydrogen sulfide. We also investigated operating temperatures and catalysts for the sensors. The thick film semiconductor sensors that detected some hazardous gases were prepared using nano-sized sensing material powders (SnO2, WO3, ZnO) that were prepared through sol-gel and precipitation methods. The nano-sized sensing materials were blended with various amounts of metal oxides (SnO2, ZnO, WO3) and coated with transition metals (Pt, Pd, Ru, Au, Ag, Cu and In). The metal oxide thick films were fabricated on an Al2O3 plate with a Ni-Cr heater and a Pt electrode through a screen-printing method. Morphologies, compositions, phases, surface areas and particle sizes of sensor compounds were examined by SEM, EDS, XRD and BET analysis. The investigated response to the various hazardous vapors was expressed as the value of Ra/Rg, where Ra and Rg are the resistance of the sensor material in the air and in hazardous gas, respectively.
Author: Chang-Seop Lee Publisher: ISBN: Category : Technology Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This study concerns gas sensors that may protect individuals by detecting hazardous gases that may be generated in hot spaces (≥50°C) with residues of organic waste. We investigated the responses and selectivities of the sensors to different kinds of hazardous gases such as acetaldehyde, toluene and hydrogen sulfide. We also investigated operating temperatures and catalysts for the sensors. The thick film semiconductor sensors that detected some hazardous gases were prepared using nano-sized sensing material powders (SnO2, WO3, ZnO) that were prepared through sol-gel and precipitation methods. The nano-sized sensing materials were blended with various amounts of metal oxides (SnO2, ZnO, WO3) and coated with transition metals (Pt, Pd, Ru, Au, Ag, Cu and In). The metal oxide thick films were fabricated on an Al2O3 plate with a Ni-Cr heater and a Pt electrode through a screen-printing method. Morphologies, compositions, phases, surface areas and particle sizes of sensor compounds were examined by SEM, EDS, XRD and BET analysis. The investigated response to the various hazardous vapors was expressed as the value of Ra/Rg, where Ra and Rg are the resistance of the sensor material in the air and in hazardous gas, respectively.
Author: Mohammed Rahman Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 9535131931 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 172
Book Description
This book Electrochemical Sensors Technology mostly reviews the modem methods and significant electrochemical and electroanalytical applications of chemical sensors and biosensors. Chapters of this book are invited and contributed from the experts throughout the world from prominent researchers and scientists in the field of sensors and in the field of electro- and biochemistry. Each chapter provides technical and methodological details beyond the level found in typical journal articles or reviews and explores the application of chemical sensors, environmental sensors, and biosensors to a significant problem in biomedical and environmental science, also providing a prospectus for the future. This book compiles with the expert knowledge of many specialists in the construction and use of chemical sensors and biosensors including chemical sensors, biological sensors, DNA sensors, immunosensors, gaseous sensors, ionic sensors, bioassay sensors, lab-on-chips, devices, portable sensors, microchips, nanosensors, implantable microsensors, and so on in the field of fundamental and applied electrochemistry. Highlights and importance are laid on real or practical problems, ranging from chemical application to biomedical monitoring, from in vitro to in vivo, and from single cell to animal to human measurement. This offers a unique opportunity of exchanging and combining the scientist or researcher in electrochemical sensors in largely chemistry, biological engineering, electronic engineering, and biomedical and physiological fields.
Author: Inamuddin Publisher: Materials Research Forum LLC ISBN: 1644901161 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 254
Book Description
The book focuses on novel sensor materials and their environmental and healthcare applications, such as NO2 detection, toxic gas and biosensing, hydrazine determination, glucose sensing and the detection of toxins and pollutants on surfaces. Materials covered include catalytic nanomaterials, metal oxides, perovskites, zeolites, spinels, graphene-based gas sensors, CNT/Ni nanocomposites, glucose biosensors, single and multi-layered stacked MXenes, black phosphorus, transition metal dichalcogenides and P3OT thin films. Keywords: Toxic Gas Sensors, Biosensors, Nitrogen Dioxide Detection, Hydrazine Determination, Glucose Sensing, Catalytic Nanomaterials, Metal Oxides, Perovskites, Zeolites, Spinels, Graphene-based Gas Sensors, CNT/Ni Nanocomposites, Mxenes, Black Phosphorus, Transition Metal Dichalcogenides, P3OT Thin Films.
Author: Sher Bahadar Khan Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 1789851599 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 170
Book Description
This book focuses on the applications of nanomaterials in the fabrication of gas sensors. It covers recent developments of different materials used to design gas sensors, such as conducting polymers, semiconductors, as well as layered and nanosized materials. The widespread applications of various gas sensors for the detection of toxic gases are also discussed. The book provides a concise but thorough coverage of nanomaterials applications and utilization in gas sensors. In addition, it overviews recent developments in and the fabrication of gas sensors and their attributes for a broad audience, including beginners, graduate students, and specialists in both academic and industrial sectors.
Author: Bharat Raj Pant Publisher: ISBN: Category : Gas detectors Languages : en Pages : 89
Book Description
The development of effective gas sensors for the detection of hazardous gases is important because of elevated concentrations of hazardous gases in the ambient. Gas sensors can be fabricated using different electronic materials such as metal oxides, carbon nanotubes, organic compounds, and ceramic compounds. Among them, metal oxides are considered as the potential materials for gas sensor application because of their high stability, high sensitivity, and ability to detect a wide range of target gases. There are some limitations associated with metal-oxide gas sensors such as low response, low conductivity, high operating temperature, and slow recovery speed. However, these limitations can be eliminated by the modification of metal oxides with impurity doping, mixing with other metal oxides, surface modification with catalytic metals. In this study, possible improvement of gas sensors by doping of impurities and addition of graphene to enhance carrier transport phenomena was investigated. Graphene was mixed with nickel oxide to produce composite films that can be used in gas sensor filament. The sensing characteristics of graphene added nickel oxide were studied as a function of graphene concentration. The samples were tested for NH3, CH4, and H2 at different operating temperatures. The response time, recovery time, cross-sensitivity, selectivity and repeatability of the test specimens were studied in details. It was found that the response, response time, recovery time, and conductivity of the films were improved after mixing of nickel oxide with graphene. The electrical properties, optical properties, and the crystal structures of the samples were studied with UV spectrophotometry and X-ray diffraction measurements. Also, zinc oxide was doped with aluminum and graphene oxide and deposited using the sol-gel method. The samples were tested for some gases and humidity. The ZnO films doped with graphene oxide and aluminum showed a better response to gases and humidity than pure ZnO films. Also, the response of the films coated on the silicon substrates was higher than the films coated on glass substrates for gases and humidity. In addition, the conductivity of the Al-doped ZnO film was higher than pure ZnO film, and the Al-doped ZnO film was able to detect humidity at room temperature. All the sensors exhibited a good selectivity and repeatability with a negligible cross sensitivity. The gas sensing performance of the NiO films was enhanced by the addition of graphene. The response of NiO and ZnO films was significantly increased when coated on the silicon substrates. After doping with Al, ZnO exhibited an improved sensitivity for humidity at room temperature. The results indicated that the gas sensing properties of metal oxides can be tuned by the addition of graphene into metal oxide films.
Author: Ankur Gupta Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000782522 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 493
Book Description
This book covers the whole range of gas sensing aspects starting from basics, synthesis, processing, characterization, and application developments. All sub-topics within the domain of gas sensors such as active materials, novel nanomaterials, working mechanisms, fabrication techniques, computational approach, and development of microsensors, and latest advancements such as the Internet of Things (IoT) in gas sensors, and nanogenerators, are explained as well. Related manufacturing sections and proposed direction of future research are also reviewed. Features: Covers detailed state-of-the-art specific chemiresistive sensing materials. Presents novel nanomaterial platforms and concepts for resistive gas sensing. Reviews pertinent aspects of smart sensors and IoT sensing. Explains nanotechnology-enabled experimental findings, and future directions of smart gas sensing technology. Explores implication of latest advancements such as IoT in gas sensors, and nanogenerators. This book is aimed at academic researchers and professionals in sensors and actuators, nanotechnology, and materials science.
Author: Raivo Jaaniso Publisher: Woodhead Publishing ISBN: 0081025602 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 512
Book Description
Semiconductor Gas Sensors, Second Edition, summarizes recent research on basic principles, new materials and emerging technologies in this essential field. Chapters cover the foundation of the underlying principles and sensing mechanisms of gas sensors, include expanded content on gas sensing characteristics, such as response, sensitivity and cross-sensitivity, present an overview of the nanomaterials utilized for gas sensing, and review the latest applications for semiconductor gas sensors, including environmental monitoring, indoor monitoring, medical applications, CMOS integration and chemical warfare agents. This second edition has been completely updated, thus ensuring it reflects current literature and the latest materials systems and applications. - Includes an overview of key applications, with new chapters on indoor monitoring and medical applications - Reviews developments in gas sensors and sensing methods, including an expanded section on gas sensor theory - Discusses the use of nanomaterials in gas sensing, with new chapters on single-layer graphene sensors, graphene oxide sensors, printed sensors, and much more
Author: Ankur Gupta Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000770451 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 169
Book Description
Nanostructured materials exhibit distinct properties by virtue of their nanoscale morphological variations, which open up endless possibilities to investigate unexplored and interesting applications. This textbook broadly covers the fabrication and characterization of nanostructured films and exploration of their gas-sensing applications. It presents the fundamentals of gas-sensing technology and a comprehensive study on smart gas sensing technology. Readers will find basics, analytical techniques, nanotechnology-enabled experimental findings, and future directions of smart gas-sensing technology at one place. Through the inclusion of up-to-date experimental knowledge of synthesis, processing, and application development, the book is suitable for academics at all levels.
Author: Kousuke Ihokura Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1351409018 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 198
Book Description
The Stannic Oxide Gas Sensor presents a comprehensive overview of the background science and technology of the subject, including practical information on its applications and the electronic circuits with which it is associated. The book explains the chemistry of the device and covers typical methods of fabrication. Sensitivity and selectivity are addressed, and the problems of drift with ambient temperature, relative humidity, and time are fully discussed. The book also presents examples of industrial, commercial, and domestic applications. It explains the design of appropriate electronic circuits and describes methods for testing and characterizing sensors. Advantages and disadvantages of sensors are assessed as well.
Author: Nicolae Barsan Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128112255 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 295
Book Description
Gas Sensors Based on Conducting Metal Oxides: Basic Understanding, Technology and Applications focuses on two distinct types of gas sensors based on conducting metal oxides. Ion conduction, applied in so-called solid-state electrolytic sensors for one, and electronic conduction used in semiconductivity gas sensors for the other. The well-known ?–probe, a key component to optimize combustion in car engines, is an example of the former type, and the in-cabin car air-quality control SnO2 and WO2 sensor array stands for the semiconductivity type. Chapters cover basic aspects of functioning principles and describe the technologies and challenges of present and future sensors. - Provides reader background and context on sensors, principles, fabrication and applications - Includes chapters on specific technological applications, such as exhaust sensors, environmental sensors, explosive gases alarms and more - Presents a structured presentation that allows for quick reference of vital information
Author: Chang-Seop Lee
Author: Chang-Seop Lee
Author: Mohammed Rahman
Author: Inamuddin
Author: Sher Bahadar Khan
Author: Bharat Raj Pant
Author: Ankur Gupta
Author: Raivo Jaaniso
Author: Ankur Gupta
Author: Kousuke Ihokura
Author: Nicolae Barsan