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Author: Jessica Aguilar Publisher: ISBN: 9781267459701 Category : Hispanic American children Languages : en Pages : 106
Book Description
Abstract: Obesity among the pediatric population is increasing at alarming rates. Compared to other races and ethnic groups in Long Beach, California, Latinos of all ages now represent 68.2% of the city's overweight and obese. Among U.S. Hispanic boys and girls born in 2000, 45.4% and 52.5% have a lifetime risk of developing diabetes, respectively, compared to 26.7% and 31.2% among their White male and female counterparts. Scant culturally-relevant research has been conducted to evaluate socioenvironmental barriers that inhibit physical activity and promote sedentarism among Latinos, particularly children. As part of the formative data collection phase of the Sanos y Fuertes Project, six family-based focus groups were conducted with 68 Latinos in the greater Long Beach area. Participants completed demographic and behavioral surveys regarding exercise practices. This study utilized a secondary data analysis approach to illuminate specific barriers and facilitators to physical activity such as family living conditions, healthcare access, and obstacles to exercise. Findings indicated that physical activity was associated with exercise and nutrition class attendance, and with gymnasium membership. These action steps will serve to address the health and physical activity needs of at-risk Latino children and their families.
Author: Jessica Aguilar Publisher: ISBN: 9781267459701 Category : Hispanic American children Languages : en Pages : 106
Book Description
Abstract: Obesity among the pediatric population is increasing at alarming rates. Compared to other races and ethnic groups in Long Beach, California, Latinos of all ages now represent 68.2% of the city's overweight and obese. Among U.S. Hispanic boys and girls born in 2000, 45.4% and 52.5% have a lifetime risk of developing diabetes, respectively, compared to 26.7% and 31.2% among their White male and female counterparts. Scant culturally-relevant research has been conducted to evaluate socioenvironmental barriers that inhibit physical activity and promote sedentarism among Latinos, particularly children. As part of the formative data collection phase of the Sanos y Fuertes Project, six family-based focus groups were conducted with 68 Latinos in the greater Long Beach area. Participants completed demographic and behavioral surveys regarding exercise practices. This study utilized a secondary data analysis approach to illuminate specific barriers and facilitators to physical activity such as family living conditions, healthcare access, and obstacles to exercise. Findings indicated that physical activity was associated with exercise and nutrition class attendance, and with gymnasium membership. These action steps will serve to address the health and physical activity needs of at-risk Latino children and their families.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Health promotion Languages : en Pages : 252
Book Description
Physical inactivity is a behavioral risk factor for obesity and chronic disease. While some studies have reported low levels of leisure time physical activity (PA) among Latinos, other studies support that some Latinos engage in other active behaviors such as walking for transportation. This study used the Social Ecological Model to provide a broader perspective of the multiple influences on PA patterns among Latinos adults. Structural equation modeling was used to explain how individual, social and environmental level factors influenced leisure and nonleisure time PA in a Latino border population of San Diego County. In the fall of 2006, the San Diego Prevention Research Center conducted a telephone-administered survey assessing demographics, social-ecological factors, and PA. The survey was completed by 672 Latino adults randomly sampled from a community in San Diego County. The mean age of respondents was 39±13 years with the majority being female (71%). Over half of respondents were unemployed (53%), Spanish-speakers (57%) and classified as less acculturated. Less than one third of respondents met PA guidelines in their leisure (32%) and nonleisure (29%) time. Men were more likely to meet LTPA recommendations, whereas women were more likely to engage in nonleisure walking at recommended levels. Latino respondents living in the U.S. for less than 12 years were more likely to meet PA guidelines in their leisure and nonleisure time. In an individual-level model, social support and self-efficacy for PA and acculturation were not related to meeting LTPA guidelines, where as there was a direct relationship with consuming more fruits and vegetables. While increasing level of education and being single were also positively related to meeting LTPA guidelines, there was negative association with living in the U.S. for 12/more years and being female. After controlling for these relationships in a social ecological model, results showed that neighborhood cohesion was significantly associated with safety from crime, which was marginally associated with meeting LTPA guidelines. Structural/pedestrian safety was marginally associated meeting LTPA guidelines, but in the negative direction. Meeting LTPA guidelines was positively related to community resource use and being single, but was negatively associated with living in the U.S. for 12/more years and being female. A social ecological model was examined for nonleisure walking at recommended levels. Findings showed that being female was positively related to PA adherence in nonleisure time. Factors negatively related to nonleisure walking at recommended levels were increasing income and acculturation, living in the U.S. for 12/more years, and being Mexican-born. The key findings highlight 1) gender and acculturation differences in leisure and nonleisure time PA, and 2) correlates of leisure and nonleisure time PA among Latino adults. This study provides a better understanding of PA, and can be used to inform future research targeting multi-level factors to promote active living in Latino communities.
Author: Suzanna Marie Martinez Publisher: ISBN: Category : Health promotion Languages : en Pages : 252
Book Description
Physical inactivity is a behavioral risk factor for obesity and chronic disease. While some studies have reported low levels of leisure time physical activity (PA) among Latinos, other studies support that some Latinos engage in other active behaviors such as walking for transportation. This study used the Social Ecological Model to provide a broader perspective of the multiple influences on PA patterns among Latinos adults. Structural equation modeling was used to explain how individual, social and environmental level factors influenced leisure and nonleisure time PA in a Latino border population of San Diego County. In the fall of 2006, the San Diego Prevention Research Center conducted a telephone-administered survey assessing demographics, social-ecological factors, and PA. The survey was completed by 672 Latino adults randomly sampled from a community in San Diego County. The mean age of respondents was 39±13 years with the majority being female (71%). Over half of respondents were unemployed (53%), Spanish-speakers (57%) and classified as less acculturated. Less than one third of respondents met PA guidelines in their leisure (32%) and nonleisure (29%) time. Men were more likely to meet LTPA recommendations, whereas women were more likely to engage in nonleisure walking at recommended levels. Latino respondents living in the U.S. for less than 12 years were more likely to meet PA guidelines in their leisure and nonleisure time. In an individual-level model, social support and self-efficacy for PA and acculturation were not related to meeting LTPA guidelines, where as there was a direct relationship with consuming more fruits and vegetables. While increasing level of education and being single were also positively related to meeting LTPA guidelines, there was negative association with living in the U.S. for 12/more years and being female. After controlling for these relationships in a social ecological model, results showed that neighborhood cohesion was significantly associated with safety from crime, which was marginally associated with meeting LTPA guidelines. Structural/pedestrian safety was marginally associated meeting LTPA guidelines, but in the negative direction. Meeting LTPA guidelines was positively related to community resource use and being single, but was negatively associated with living in the U.S. for 12/more years and being female. A social ecological model was examined for nonleisure walking at recommended levels. Findings showed that being female was positively related to PA adherence in nonleisure time. Factors negatively related to nonleisure walking at recommended levels were increasing income and acculturation, living in the U.S. for 12/more years, and being Mexican-born. The key findings highlight 1) gender and acculturation differences in leisure and nonleisure time PA, and 2) correlates of leisure and nonleisure time PA among Latino adults. This study provides a better understanding of PA, and can be used to inform future research targeting multi-level factors to promote active living in Latino communities
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309185602 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 320
Book Description
Bioterrorism, drug-resistant disease, transmission of disease by global travel . . . there's no shortage of challenges facing America's public health officials. Men and women preparing to enter the field require state-of-the-art training to meet these increasing threats to the public health. But are the programs they rely on provide the high caliber professional training they require? Who Will Keep the Public Healthy? provides an overview of the past, present, and future of public health education, assessing its readiness to provide the training and education needed to prepare men and women to face 21st century challenges. Advocating an ecological approach to public health, the Institute of Medicine examines the role of public health schools and degree-granting programs, medical schools, nursing schools, and government agencies, as well as other institutions that foster public health education and leadership. Specific recommendations address the content of public health education, qualifications for faculty, availability of supervised practice, opportunities for cross-disciplinary research and education, cooperation with government agencies, and government funding for education. Eight areas of critical importance to public health education in the 21st century are examined in depth: informatics, genomics, communication, cultural competence, community-based participatory research, global health, policy and law, and public health ethics. The book also includes a discussion of the policy implications of its ecological framework.
Author: Samuel Knapp Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA) ISBN: 9781433827457 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Guided by the APA Ethics Code, this book provides short sketches illustrating the myriad ways in which ethical standards work in psychological practice.
Author: Committee for the Study of the Future of Public Health Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309581907 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 240
Book Description
"The Nation has lost sight of its public health goals and has allowed the system of public health to fall into 'disarray'," from The Future of Public Health. This startling book contains proposals for ensuring that public health service programs are efficient and effective enough to deal not only with the topics of today, but also with those of tomorrow. In addition, the authors make recommendations for core functions in public health assessment, policy development, and service assurances, and identify the level of government--federal, state, and local--at which these functions would best be handled.
Author: Julie Sze Publisher: NYU Press ISBN: 147987034X Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 310
Book Description
A critical resource for approaching sustainability across the disciplines Sustainability and social justice remain elusive even though each is unattainable without the other. Across the industrialized West and the Global South, unsustainable practices and social inequities exacerbate one another. How do social justice and sustainability connect? What does sustainability mean and, most importantly, how can we achieve it with justice? This volume tackles these questions, placing social justice and interdisciplinary approaches at the center of efforts for a more sustainable world. Contributors present empirical case studies that illustrate how sustainability can take place without contributing to social inequality. From indigenous land rights, climate conflict, militarization and urban drought resilience, the book offers examples of ways in which sustainability and social justice strengthen one another. Through an understanding of history, diverse cultural traditions, and complexity in relation to race, class, and gender, this volume demonstrates ways in which sustainability can help to shape better and more robust solutions to the world’s most pressing problems. Blending methods from the humanities, environmental sciences and the humanistic social sciences, this book offers an essential guide for the next generation of global citizens.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309490111 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 493
Book Description
Adolescenceâ€"beginning with the onset of puberty and ending in the mid-20sâ€"is a critical period of development during which key areas of the brain mature and develop. These changes in brain structure, function, and connectivity mark adolescence as a period of opportunity to discover new vistas, to form relationships with peers and adults, and to explore one's developing identity. It is also a period of resilience that can ameliorate childhood setbacks and set the stage for a thriving trajectory over the life course. Because adolescents comprise nearly one-fourth of the entire U.S. population, the nation needs policies and practices that will better leverage these developmental opportunities to harness the promise of adolescenceâ€"rather than focusing myopically on containing its risks. This report examines the neurobiological and socio-behavioral science of adolescent development and outlines how this knowledge can be applied, both to promote adolescent well-being, resilience, and development, and to rectify structural barriers and inequalities in opportunity, enabling all adolescents to flourish.
Author: John G. Bruhn Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400716338 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 346
Book Description
Many of our current social problems have been attributed to the breakdown or loss of community as a place and to the fragmentation of connections due to an extreme value of individualism in the Western world, particularly in the United States. Not all scholars and researchers agree that individualism and technology are the primary culprits in the loss of community as it existed in the middle decade of the 20th century. Nonetheless, people exist in groups, and connections are vital to their existence and in the daily performance of activities. The second edition of the Sociology of Community Connections will identify and help students understand community connectedness in the present and future.
Author: Jessica Aguilar
Author: Jessica Aguilar
Author: 
Author: Suzanna Marie Martinez
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Samuel Knapp
Author: Committee for the Study of the Future of Public Health
Author: Julie Sze
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: John G. Bruhn
Author: Jose Szapocznik