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Author: Inderjeet Mani Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3031021479 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 124
Book Description
The field of narrative (or story) understanding and generation is one of the oldest in natural language processing (NLP) and artificial intelligence (AI), which is hardly surprising, since storytelling is such a fundamental and familiar intellectual and social activity. In recent years, the demands of interactive entertainment and interest in the creation of engaging narratives with life-like characters have provided a fresh impetus to this field. This book provides an overview of the principal problems, approaches, and challenges faced today in modeling the narrative structure of stories. The book introduces classical narratological concepts from literary theory and their mapping to computational approaches. It demonstrates how research in AI and NLP has modeled character goals, causality, and time using formalisms from planning, case-based reasoning, and temporal reasoning, and discusses fundamental limitations in such approaches. It proposes new representations for embedded narratives and fictional entities, for assessing the pace of a narrative, and offers an empirical theory of audience response. These notions are incorporated into an annotation scheme called NarrativeML. The book identifies key issues that need to be addressed, including annotation methods for long literary narratives, the representation of modality and habituality, and characterizing the goals of narrators. It also suggests a future characterized by advanced text mining of narrative structure from large-scale corpora and the development of a variety of useful authoring aids. This is the first book to provide a systematic foundation that integrates together narratology, AI, and computational linguistics. It can serve as a narratology primer for computer scientists and an elucidation of computational narratology for literary theorists. It is written in a highly accessible manner and is intended for use by a broad scientific audience that includes linguists (computational and formal semanticists), AI researchers, cognitive scientists, computer scientists, game developers, and narrative theorists. Table of Contents: List of Figures / List of Tables / Narratological Background / Characters as Intentional Agents / Time / Plot / Summary and Future Directions
Author: Mohammad Taher Pilehvar Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers ISBN: 1636390226 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 177
Book Description
Embeddings have undoubtedly been one of the most influential research areas in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Encoding information into a low-dimensional vector representation, which is easily integrable in modern machine learning models, has played a central role in the development of NLP. Embedding techniques initially focused on words, but the attention soon started to shift to other forms: from graph structures, such as knowledge bases, to other types of textual content, such as sentences and documents. This book provides a high-level synthesis of the main embedding techniques in NLP, in the broad sense. The book starts by explaining conventional word vector space models and word embeddings (e.g., Word2Vec and GloVe) and then moves to other types of embeddings, such as word sense, sentence and document, and graph embeddings. The book also provides an overview of recent developments in contextualized representations (e.g., ELMo and BERT) and explains their potential in NLP. Throughout the book, the reader can find both essential information for understanding a certain topic from scratch and a broad overview of the most successful techniques developed in the literature.
Author: Zhiyuan Liu Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811555737 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 319
Book Description
This open access book provides an overview of the recent advances in representation learning theory, algorithms and applications for natural language processing (NLP). It is divided into three parts. Part I presents the representation learning techniques for multiple language entries, including words, phrases, sentences and documents. Part II then introduces the representation techniques for those objects that are closely related to NLP, including entity-based world knowledge, sememe-based linguistic knowledge, networks, and cross-modal entries. Lastly, Part III provides open resource tools for representation learning techniques, and discusses the remaining challenges and future research directions. The theories and algorithms of representation learning presented can also benefit other related domains such as machine learning, social network analysis, semantic Web, information retrieval, data mining and computational biology. This book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, post-doctoral fellows, researchers, lecturers, and industrial engineers, as well as anyone interested in representation learning and natural language processing.
Author: Gareth Gaskell Publisher: Walter de Gruyter ISBN: 3110224933 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 259
Book Description
This book includes the work of experts from a wide range of backgrounds who share the desire to understand how the human brain represents words. The focus of the volume is on the nature and structure of word forms and morphemes, the processes operating on the speech input to gain access to lexical representations, the modeling and acquisition of these processes, and on the neural underpinnings of lexical representation and process.
Author: Timothy T. Rogers Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 9780262182393 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 446
Book Description
A mechanistic theory of the representation and use of semantic knowledge that uses distributed connectionist networks as a starting point for a psychological theory of semantic cognition.
Author: Sam Goldstein Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 038777579X Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This reference work breaks new ground as an electronic resource. Utterly comprehensive, it serves as a repository of knowledge in the field as well as a frequently updated conduit of new material long before it finds its way into standard textbooks.
Author: Paolo Nesi Publisher: Firenze University Press ISBN: 8884538106 Category : Languages : en Pages : 200
Book Description
The present book covers topics both on fluvial and lagoon morphodynamics. The first part is dedicated to tidal environments. Topics include an overview of main morphological features and mechanisms of estuaries and tidal channels and a model devoted to investigate flow field pattern and bed topography in tidal meandering channels and a comparison with recent observational evidence of meanders within different tidal environments. The general failure of Bagnold hypothesis when applied to equilibrium bedload transport at even relatively modest transverse slope is demonstrated. A new model is then proposed based on an empirical entrainment formulation of bed grains.
Author: Keith Allan Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1317513037 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 706
Book Description
The Routledge Handbook of Linguistics offers a comprehensive introduction and reference point to the discipline of linguistics. This wide-ranging survey of the field brings together a range of perspectives, covering all the key areas of linguistics and drawing on interdisciplinary research in subjects such as anthropology, psychology and sociology. The 36 chapters, written by specialists from around the world, provide: an overview of each topic; an introduction to current hypotheses and issues; future trajectories; suggestions for further reading. With extensive coverage of both theoretical and applied linguistic topics, The Routledge Handbook of Linguistics is an indispensable resource for students and researchers working in this area.
Author: Thomas K. Landauer Publisher: Psychology Press ISBN: 1135603278 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 570
Book Description
The Handbook of Latent Semantic Analysis is the authoritative reference for the theory behind Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA), a burgeoning mathematical method used to analyze how words make meaning, with the desired outcome to program machines to understand human commands via natural language rather than strict programming protocols. The first book
Author: Eugene S. Edgington Publisher: ISBN: Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 310
Book Description
Random assignment; Calculating significance values; One-way analysis of variance and the independent t test; Repeated-measures analysis of variance and the correlated t test; Factorial designs; Multivariate designs; Correlation; Trend tests; One-subject randomization tests.
Author: Diego Marconi Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 9780262133333 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 230
Book Description
Proposes a dual picture of human lexical competence in which inferential and referential abilities are separate. Topics discussed in the text include classical issues in the philosophy of language and philosophy of mind such as semantic holism, dual-factor theories, publicness, and verificationism.
Author: Inderjeet Mani
Author: Mohammad Taher Pilehvar
Author: Zhiyuan Liu
Author: Gareth Gaskell
Author: Timothy T. Rogers
Author: Sam Goldstein
Author: Paolo Nesi
Author: Keith Allan
Author: Thomas K. Landauer
Author: Eugene S. Edgington
Author: Diego Marconi