Author: Haixin QinPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Exploration of the Structure-function Relationships of Two Novel Antimicrobial Peptides from Amphibian Skin Secretion, Through Rational Design and in Vitro Studies
Author: Haixin QinExploration of the Structure-function Relationships of Two Novel Peptides from Amphibian Skin Secretion, Through Rational Design and in Vitro Studies
Author: Yuhui ZongStudies on Novel Bioactive Peptides and Their Precursors from the Skin Secretions of Australian Pelodryadinae Frogs
Author: Nan PanPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The research presented in this thesis is centred on the transcriptomic, peptidomic and pharmacological analysis of bioactive peptides which have been isolated and characterised from Australian Pe/odryadinae Frogs. In this thesis, the lyophilised skin secretions from species of the Litoria genus of Australian Pe/odryadinae Frogs, L. caeru/ea, L. aurea and L. infrafrenata, have been studied using a rapid 3' - and 5' - RACE 'Shot-gun' cloning strategy for procurement of bioactive peptide precursor-encoding cDNAs, without causing any detrimental effects to the donor specimens. Two novel cDNAs encoding biosynthetic precursors of the neuropeptide analogue, caerulein, and several cDNAs encoding precursors of novel antimicrobial peptides, were identified for the first time. NCBI-BLAST searches revealed a unique pattern of strikingly-conserved (prepro-) regions within precursors in contrast to the sequences of obviously hypervariable mature peptide-encoding domains. This phenomenon does not only occur in species of the Australian hylid sub-family, Pe/odryadinae, but has also been.observed in Asian, European and North American ranids (sub-family Raninae) and South American hylids (sub family PhyIJomedusinae), indicating their probable origins from multiple duplications of an ancestral gene presumably before the fragmentation of Gondwana (ca. 150 million years ago). Surprisingly, there was only a limited degree of sequence identity between the caerulein precursors from two distantly-related frog lineages, Litoria and Xenopus,indicating a high degree of divergence of general gene product during natural selection but with a high degree of conservation of active mature peptide sequence-encoding domains. Synthetic replicates of bioactive peptides were accessed by pharmacological screening of several bioassays including antimicrobial, biofilm bactericidal, anticancer and erythrocyte cytotoxic potency analysis. The novel caerin peptide, which possessed two amino acid residue substitutions when compared with caerin 1.12, exhibited a high degree of efficacy in antimicrobial, biofilm eradication, time-kill kinetic and anticancer assays with a high degree of selectivity for prokaryotic over eukaryotic cells. Less effective, but still active aurem peptides would be restricted for use by their inherent cytotoxicity. Frenatin peptides, as predicted, displayed relatively poor functionality. Iris hoped that the novel data generated from studies described in this thesis will, in the future, provide a modicum of support for predictions of fundamental peptide function and the evolutionary relationships of peptides discovered in amphibian skins. Peptides from Australian Pelodryadinae frogs described here, may require additional modifications prior to consideration as therapeutic agents, primarily to help eliminate side-effects through reducing cytotoxicity.
Fmoc Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis
Author: W. ChanPublisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0199637245
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 371
Book Description
Since the publication of Atherton and Sheppard's volume, the technique of Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis has matured considerably and is now the standard approach for the routine production of peptides. The focus of this new volume is much broader, and covers the essential procedures.
A Field Guide to the Frogs of Borneo
Author: Robert F. IngerPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Frogs
Languages : en
Pages : 240
Book Description
Peptide-Lipid Interactions
Author: Sidney A. SimonPublisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080925855
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 606
Book Description
This volume contains a comprehensive overview of peptide-lipid interactions by leading researchers. The first part covers theoretical concepts, experimental considerations, and thermodynamics. The second part presents new results obtained through site-directed EPR, electron microscopy, NMR, isothermal calorimetry, and fluorescence quenching. The final part covers problems of biological interest, including signal transduction, membrane transport, fusion, and adhesion. Key Features * world-renowned experts * state-of-the-art experimental methods * monolayers, bilayers, biological membranes * theoretical aspects and computer simulations * rafts * synaptic transmission * membrane fusion * signal transduction
The World of Peptides
Author: Theodor WielandPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642758509
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 311
Book Description
Almost two centuries ago proteins were recognized as the primary materials (proteios = primary) oflife, but the significance and wide role of peptides (from pepsis = digestion) in practically all life pro cesses has only become apparent in the last few decades. Biologi cally active peptides are now being discovered at rapid intervals in the brain and in other organs including the heart, in the skin of amphibians and many other tissues. Peptides and peptide-like compounds are found among toxins and antibiotics. It is unlikely that this process, an almost explosive broadening of the field, will come to a sudden halt. By now it is obvious that Nature has used the combination of a small to moderate number of amino acids to generate a great variety of agonists with specific and often highly sophisticated functions. Thus, peptide chemistry must be regarded as a discipline in its own right, a major branch of biochemistry, fairly separate from the chemistry of proteins. Because of the important role played by synthesis both in the study and in the practical preparation of peptides, their area can be considered as belonging to bio-organic chemistry as well. The already overwhelming and still increasing body of know ledge renders an account of the history of peptide chemistry more and more difficult. It appears therefore timely to look back, to take stock and to recall the important stages in the development of a new discipline.
The Fish Oocyte
Author: Patrick J. BabinPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402062354
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 513
Book Description
This book presents a comprehensive overview on egg production in fish, from the standpoint of the oocyte. It covers oocyte development, maturation, hydration and fertilization. The book places special emphasis on using state-of-the-art tools for discerning the ultra-structure of the follicle and genomic/proteomic tools to fully understand biological basis of fish reproduction.
New Antibiotic Targets
Author: W. Scott ChampneyPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1588299155
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 274
Book Description
This book examines specific techniques which can be used to explore new drug targets and the effectiveness of new antibiotics. By testing new antimicrobial agents and modified existing drugs, the most vulnerable cell processes, such as cell wall and membrane synthesis, DNA replication, RNA transcription and protein synthesis, can be better exploited. This in-depth volume, however, delves even deeper by identifying additional novel cellular targets for these new therapies. The book will provide laboratory investigators with the vital tools they need to test the antimicrobial potential of products and to curb the rise of so many infectious diseases.
Antimicrobial Peptides
Author: David A. PhoenixPublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9783527332632
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
In this text, the small team of expert authors presents the field in a comprehensive and accessible manner that is well suited for students and junior researchers. The result is a highly readable and systematically structured introduction to antimicrobial peptides, their structure, biological function and mode of action. The authors point the way towards a rational design of this potentially highly effective new class of clinical antibiotics on the brink of industrial application. They do this by discussing their design principles, target membranes and structure-activity relationships. The final part of the book describes recent successes in the application of peptides as anticancer agents.