Author: Steve Wexler
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN: 1260473538
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 208
Book Description
Not a data expert? Here’s an engaging and entertaining guide to interpreting and drawing insights from any chart, graph, or other data visualization you’ll encounter. You’re a business professional, not a data scientist. How do you make heads or tails of the data visualizations that come across your desk—let alone make critical business decisions based on the information they’re designed to convey? In The Big Picture, top data visualization consultant Steve Wexler provides the tools for developing the graphical literacy you need to understand the data visualizations that are flooding your inbox—and put that data to use. Packed with the best four-color examples created in Excel, Tableau, Power BI, and Qlik, among others, this one-stop resource empowers you to extract the most important information from data visualizations quickly and accurately, act on key insights, solve problems, and make the right decisions for your organization every time.
The Big Picture: How to Use Data Visualization to Make Better Decisions—Faster
Storytelling with Data
Author: Cole Nussbaumer Knaflic
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119002265
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 284
Book Description
Don't simply show your data—tell a story with it! Storytelling with Data teaches you the fundamentals of data visualization and how to communicate effectively with data. You'll discover the power of storytelling and the way to make data a pivotal point in your story. The lessons in this illuminative text are grounded in theory, but made accessible through numerous real-world examples—ready for immediate application to your next graph or presentation. Storytelling is not an inherent skill, especially when it comes to data visualization, and the tools at our disposal don't make it any easier. This book demonstrates how to go beyond conventional tools to reach the root of your data, and how to use your data to create an engaging, informative, compelling story. Specifically, you'll learn how to: Understand the importance of context and audience Determine the appropriate type of graph for your situation Recognize and eliminate the clutter clouding your information Direct your audience's attention to the most important parts of your data Think like a designer and utilize concepts of design in data visualization Leverage the power of storytelling to help your message resonate with your audience Together, the lessons in this book will help you turn your data into high impact visual stories that stick with your audience. Rid your world of ineffective graphs, one exploding 3D pie chart at a time. There is a story in your data—Storytelling with Data will give you the skills and power to tell it!
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119002265
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 284
Book Description
Don't simply show your data—tell a story with it! Storytelling with Data teaches you the fundamentals of data visualization and how to communicate effectively with data. You'll discover the power of storytelling and the way to make data a pivotal point in your story. The lessons in this illuminative text are grounded in theory, but made accessible through numerous real-world examples—ready for immediate application to your next graph or presentation. Storytelling is not an inherent skill, especially when it comes to data visualization, and the tools at our disposal don't make it any easier. This book demonstrates how to go beyond conventional tools to reach the root of your data, and how to use your data to create an engaging, informative, compelling story. Specifically, you'll learn how to: Understand the importance of context and audience Determine the appropriate type of graph for your situation Recognize and eliminate the clutter clouding your information Direct your audience's attention to the most important parts of your data Think like a designer and utilize concepts of design in data visualization Leverage the power of storytelling to help your message resonate with your audience Together, the lessons in this book will help you turn your data into high impact visual stories that stick with your audience. Rid your world of ineffective graphs, one exploding 3D pie chart at a time. There is a story in your data—Storytelling with Data will give you the skills and power to tell it!
Python Data Visualization Essentials Guide
Author: Kallur Rahman
Publisher: BPB Publications
ISBN: 9391030076
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 319
Book Description
Build your data science skills. Start data visualization Using Python. Right away. Become a good data analyst by creating quality data visualizations using Python. KEY FEATURES ● Exciting coverage on loads of Python libraries, including Matplotlib, Seaborn, Pandas, and Plotly. ● Tons of examples, illustrations, and use-cases to demonstrate visual storytelling of varied datasets. ● Covers a strong fundamental understanding of exploratory data analysis (EDA), statistical modeling, and data mining. DESCRIPTION Data visualization plays a major role in solving data science challenges with various capabilities it offers. This book aims to equip you with a sound knowledge of Python in conjunction with the concepts you need to master to succeed as a data visualization expert. The book starts with a brief introduction to the world of data visualization and talks about why it is important, the history of visualization, and the capabilities it offers. You will learn how to do simple Python-based visualization with examples with progressive complexity of key features. The book starts with Matplotlib and explores the power of data visualization with over 50 examples. It then explores the power of data visualization using one of the popular exploratory data analysis-oriented libraries, Pandas. The book talks about statistically inclined data visualization libraries such as Seaborn. The book also teaches how we can leverage bokeh and Plotly for interactive data visualization. Each chapter is enriched and loaded with 30+ examples that will guide you in learning everything about data visualization and storytelling of mixed datasets. WHAT YOU WILL LEARN ● Learn to work with popular Python libraries and frameworks, including Seaborn, Bokeh, and Plotly. ● Practice your data visualization understanding across numerous datasets and real examples. ● Learn to visualize geospatial and time-series datasets. ● Perform correlation and EDA analysis using Pandas and Matplotlib. ● Get to know storytelling of complex and unstructured data using Bokeh and Pandas. ● Learn best practices in writing clean and short python scripts for a quicker visual summary of datasets. WHO THIS BOOK IS FOR This book is for all data analytics professionals, data scientists, and data mining hobbyists who want to be strong data visualizers by learning all the popular Python data visualization libraries. Prior working knowledge of Python is assumed. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction to Data Visualization 2. Why Data Visualization 3. Various Data Visualization Elements and Tools 4. Using Matplotlib with Python 5. Using NumPy and Pandas for Plotting 6. Using Seaborn for Visualization 7. Using Bokeh with Python 8. Using Plotly, Folium, and Other Tools for Data Visualization 9. Hands-on Examples and Exercises, Case Studies, and Further Resources
Publisher: BPB Publications
ISBN: 9391030076
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 319
Book Description
Build your data science skills. Start data visualization Using Python. Right away. Become a good data analyst by creating quality data visualizations using Python. KEY FEATURES ● Exciting coverage on loads of Python libraries, including Matplotlib, Seaborn, Pandas, and Plotly. ● Tons of examples, illustrations, and use-cases to demonstrate visual storytelling of varied datasets. ● Covers a strong fundamental understanding of exploratory data analysis (EDA), statistical modeling, and data mining. DESCRIPTION Data visualization plays a major role in solving data science challenges with various capabilities it offers. This book aims to equip you with a sound knowledge of Python in conjunction with the concepts you need to master to succeed as a data visualization expert. The book starts with a brief introduction to the world of data visualization and talks about why it is important, the history of visualization, and the capabilities it offers. You will learn how to do simple Python-based visualization with examples with progressive complexity of key features. The book starts with Matplotlib and explores the power of data visualization with over 50 examples. It then explores the power of data visualization using one of the popular exploratory data analysis-oriented libraries, Pandas. The book talks about statistically inclined data visualization libraries such as Seaborn. The book also teaches how we can leverage bokeh and Plotly for interactive data visualization. Each chapter is enriched and loaded with 30+ examples that will guide you in learning everything about data visualization and storytelling of mixed datasets. WHAT YOU WILL LEARN ● Learn to work with popular Python libraries and frameworks, including Seaborn, Bokeh, and Plotly. ● Practice your data visualization understanding across numerous datasets and real examples. ● Learn to visualize geospatial and time-series datasets. ● Perform correlation and EDA analysis using Pandas and Matplotlib. ● Get to know storytelling of complex and unstructured data using Bokeh and Pandas. ● Learn best practices in writing clean and short python scripts for a quicker visual summary of datasets. WHO THIS BOOK IS FOR This book is for all data analytics professionals, data scientists, and data mining hobbyists who want to be strong data visualizers by learning all the popular Python data visualization libraries. Prior working knowledge of Python is assumed. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction to Data Visualization 2. Why Data Visualization 3. Various Data Visualization Elements and Tools 4. Using Matplotlib with Python 5. Using NumPy and Pandas for Plotting 6. Using Seaborn for Visualization 7. Using Bokeh with Python 8. Using Plotly, Folium, and Other Tools for Data Visualization 9. Hands-on Examples and Exercises, Case Studies, and Further Resources
Expert Data Visualization
Author: Jos Dirksen
Publisher: Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN: 1786466627
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 386
Book Description
Breathe life into your data by learning how to use D3.js V4 to visualize information About This Book Create complex visualizations powered by D3.js and open data. Provides an extensive set of visualizations that explore all the functionality provided by D3.js V4. Shows how to set up an easy–to-use environment to create stunning visualizations. Who This Book Is For The typical target audience of this book is JavaScript developers, designers, and visual artists who have some basic JavaScript programming knowledge and who now want to master pro-level techniques to create interactive data visualizations using web standards which work on desktop as well as mobile devices. What You Will Learn Learn how D3.js works to declaratively define visualizations. Create charts from scratch by using SVG and the D3.js APIs See how to prepare data for easy visualization using D3.js. Visualize hierarchical data using chart types provided by D3.js Explore the different options provided by D3.js to visualize linked data such as graphs. Spice up your visualizations by adding interactivity and animations. Learn how to use D3.js to visualize and interact with Geo- and Gis-related information sources. Create visualization by streaming data over WebSockets In Detail Do you want to make sense of your data? Do you want to create interactive charts, data trees, info-graphics, geospatial charts, and maps efficiently? This book is your ideal choice to master interactive data visualization with D3.js V4. The book includes a number of extensive examples that to help you hone your skills with data visualization. Throughout nine chapters these examples will help you acquire a clear practical understanding of the various techniques, tools and functionality provided by D3.js. You will first setup your D3.JS development environment and learn the basic patterns needed to visualize your data. After that you will learn techniques to optimize different processes such as working with selections; animating data transitions; creating graps and charts, integrating external resources (static as well as streaming); visualizing information on maps; working with colors and scales; utilizing the different D3.js APIs; and much more. The book will also guide you through creating custom graphs and visualizations, and show you how to go from the raw data to beautiful visualizations. The extensive examples will include working with complex and realtime data streams, such as seismic data, geospatial data, scientific data, and more. Towards the end of the book, you will learn to add more functionality on top of D3.js by using it with other external libraries and integrating it with Ecmascript 6 and Typescript Style and approach This book will have a real–world, case-study approach, where you will be given data sets from different domains. These data sets will have different visualization goals; some might need 2D or 3D charts, some might need automated workflows, others might require interactive maps. While you fulfill these goals, you will learn different techniques and best practices, which will enable you to perform data visualization tasks on your own
Publisher: Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN: 1786466627
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 386
Book Description
Breathe life into your data by learning how to use D3.js V4 to visualize information About This Book Create complex visualizations powered by D3.js and open data. Provides an extensive set of visualizations that explore all the functionality provided by D3.js V4. Shows how to set up an easy–to-use environment to create stunning visualizations. Who This Book Is For The typical target audience of this book is JavaScript developers, designers, and visual artists who have some basic JavaScript programming knowledge and who now want to master pro-level techniques to create interactive data visualizations using web standards which work on desktop as well as mobile devices. What You Will Learn Learn how D3.js works to declaratively define visualizations. Create charts from scratch by using SVG and the D3.js APIs See how to prepare data for easy visualization using D3.js. Visualize hierarchical data using chart types provided by D3.js Explore the different options provided by D3.js to visualize linked data such as graphs. Spice up your visualizations by adding interactivity and animations. Learn how to use D3.js to visualize and interact with Geo- and Gis-related information sources. Create visualization by streaming data over WebSockets In Detail Do you want to make sense of your data? Do you want to create interactive charts, data trees, info-graphics, geospatial charts, and maps efficiently? This book is your ideal choice to master interactive data visualization with D3.js V4. The book includes a number of extensive examples that to help you hone your skills with data visualization. Throughout nine chapters these examples will help you acquire a clear practical understanding of the various techniques, tools and functionality provided by D3.js. You will first setup your D3.JS development environment and learn the basic patterns needed to visualize your data. After that you will learn techniques to optimize different processes such as working with selections; animating data transitions; creating graps and charts, integrating external resources (static as well as streaming); visualizing information on maps; working with colors and scales; utilizing the different D3.js APIs; and much more. The book will also guide you through creating custom graphs and visualizations, and show you how to go from the raw data to beautiful visualizations. The extensive examples will include working with complex and realtime data streams, such as seismic data, geospatial data, scientific data, and more. Towards the end of the book, you will learn to add more functionality on top of D3.js by using it with other external libraries and integrating it with Ecmascript 6 and Typescript Style and approach This book will have a real–world, case-study approach, where you will be given data sets from different domains. These data sets will have different visualization goals; some might need 2D or 3D charts, some might need automated workflows, others might require interactive maps. While you fulfill these goals, you will learn different techniques and best practices, which will enable you to perform data visualization tasks on your own
Data Visualization Made Simple
Author: Kristen Sosulski
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 135138077X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 285
Book Description
Data Visualization Made Simple is a practical guide to the fundamentals, strategies, and real-world cases for data visualization, an essential skill required in today’s information-rich world. With foundations rooted in statistics, psychology, and computer science, data visualization offers practitioners in almost every field a coherent way to share findings from original research, big data, learning analytics, and more. In nine appealing chapters, the book: examines the role of data graphics in decision-making, sharing information, sparking discussions, and inspiring future research; scrutinizes data graphics, deliberates on the messages they convey, and looks at options for design visualization; and includes cases and interviews to provide a contemporary view of how data graphics are used by professionals across industries Both novices and seasoned designers in education, business, and other areas can use this book’s effective, linear process to develop data visualization literacy and promote exploratory, inquiry-based approaches to visualization problems.
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 135138077X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 285
Book Description
Data Visualization Made Simple is a practical guide to the fundamentals, strategies, and real-world cases for data visualization, an essential skill required in today’s information-rich world. With foundations rooted in statistics, psychology, and computer science, data visualization offers practitioners in almost every field a coherent way to share findings from original research, big data, learning analytics, and more. In nine appealing chapters, the book: examines the role of data graphics in decision-making, sharing information, sparking discussions, and inspiring future research; scrutinizes data graphics, deliberates on the messages they convey, and looks at options for design visualization; and includes cases and interviews to provide a contemporary view of how data graphics are used by professionals across industries Both novices and seasoned designers in education, business, and other areas can use this book’s effective, linear process to develop data visualization literacy and promote exploratory, inquiry-based approaches to visualization problems.
Visualize This
Author: Nathan Yau
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118140265
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 431
Book Description
Practical data design tips from a data visualization expert of the modern age Data doesn't decrease; it is ever-increasing and can be overwhelming to organize in a way that makes sense to its intended audience. Wouldn't it be wonderful if we could actually visualize data in such a way that we could maximize its potential and tell a story in a clear, concise manner? Thanks to the creative genius of Nathan Yau, we can. With this full-color book, data visualization guru and author Nathan Yau uses step-by-step tutorials to show you how to visualize and tell stories with data. He explains how to gather, parse, and format data and then design high quality graphics that help you explore and present patterns, outliers, and relationships. Presents a unique approach to visualizing and telling stories with data, from a data visualization expert and the creator of flowingdata.com, Nathan Yau Offers step-by-step tutorials and practical design tips for creating statistical graphics, geographical maps, and information design to find meaning in the numbers Details tools that can be used to visualize data-native graphics for the Web, such as ActionScript, Flash libraries, PHP, and JavaScript and tools to design graphics for print, such as R and Illustrator Contains numerous examples and descriptions of patterns and outliers and explains how to show them Visualize This demonstrates how to explain data visually so that you can present your information in a way that is easy to understand and appealing.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118140265
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 431
Book Description
Practical data design tips from a data visualization expert of the modern age Data doesn't decrease; it is ever-increasing and can be overwhelming to organize in a way that makes sense to its intended audience. Wouldn't it be wonderful if we could actually visualize data in such a way that we could maximize its potential and tell a story in a clear, concise manner? Thanks to the creative genius of Nathan Yau, we can. With this full-color book, data visualization guru and author Nathan Yau uses step-by-step tutorials to show you how to visualize and tell stories with data. He explains how to gather, parse, and format data and then design high quality graphics that help you explore and present patterns, outliers, and relationships. Presents a unique approach to visualizing and telling stories with data, from a data visualization expert and the creator of flowingdata.com, Nathan Yau Offers step-by-step tutorials and practical design tips for creating statistical graphics, geographical maps, and information design to find meaning in the numbers Details tools that can be used to visualize data-native graphics for the Web, such as ActionScript, Flash libraries, PHP, and JavaScript and tools to design graphics for print, such as R and Illustrator Contains numerous examples and descriptions of patterns and outliers and explains how to show them Visualize This demonstrates how to explain data visually so that you can present your information in a way that is easy to understand and appealing.
Designing Data Visualizations
Author: Noah Iliinsky
Publisher: "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
ISBN: 1449317065
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 111
Book Description
Data visualization is an efficient and effective medium for communicating large amounts of information, but the design process can often seem like an unexplainable creative endeavor. This concise book aims to demystify the design process by showing you how to use a linear decision-making process to encode your information visually. Delve into different kinds of visualization, including infographics and visual art, and explore the influences at work in each one. Then learn how to apply these concepts to your design process. Learn data visualization classifications, including explanatory, exploratory, and hybrid Discover how three fundamental influences—the designer, the reader, and the data—shape what you create Learn how to describe the specific goal of your visualization and identify the supporting data Decide the spatial position of your visual entities with axes Encode the various dimensions of your data with appropriate visual properties, such as shape and color See visualization best practices and suggestions for encoding various specific data types
Publisher: "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
ISBN: 1449317065
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 111
Book Description
Data visualization is an efficient and effective medium for communicating large amounts of information, but the design process can often seem like an unexplainable creative endeavor. This concise book aims to demystify the design process by showing you how to use a linear decision-making process to encode your information visually. Delve into different kinds of visualization, including infographics and visual art, and explore the influences at work in each one. Then learn how to apply these concepts to your design process. Learn data visualization classifications, including explanatory, exploratory, and hybrid Discover how three fundamental influences—the designer, the reader, and the data—shape what you create Learn how to describe the specific goal of your visualization and identify the supporting data Decide the spatial position of your visual entities with axes Encode the various dimensions of your data with appropriate visual properties, such as shape and color See visualization best practices and suggestions for encoding various specific data types
Data Visualization
Author: Andy Kirk
Publisher: Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN: 1849693471
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 285
Book Description
A comprehensive yet quick guide to the best approaches to designing data visualizations, with real examples and illustrative diagrams. Whatever the desired outcome ensure success by following this expert design process. This book is for anyone who has responsibility for, or is interested in trying to find innovative and effective ways to visually analyze and communicate data. There is no skill, no knowledge and no role-based pre-requisites or expectations of anyone reading this book.
Publisher: Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN: 1849693471
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 285
Book Description
A comprehensive yet quick guide to the best approaches to designing data visualizations, with real examples and illustrative diagrams. Whatever the desired outcome ensure success by following this expert design process. This book is for anyone who has responsibility for, or is interested in trying to find innovative and effective ways to visually analyze and communicate data. There is no skill, no knowledge and no role-based pre-requisites or expectations of anyone reading this book.
Data Visualisation
Author: Andy Kirk
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1526482908
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 329
Book Description
With over 200 images and extensive how-to and how-not-to examples, the new edition of the book The Financial Times voted one of the ‘six best books for data geeks’ has everything students and scholars need to understand and create effective data visualisations.
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1526482908
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 329
Book Description
With over 200 images and extensive how-to and how-not-to examples, the new edition of the book The Financial Times voted one of the ‘six best books for data geeks’ has everything students and scholars need to understand and create effective data visualisations.
Expert Data Modeling with Power BI
Author: Soheil Bakhshi
Publisher: Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN: 1803245395
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 699
Book Description
Take your Power BI reports to the next level by learning various data modeling techniques and leveraging the latest features of Power BI effectively Purchase of the print or Kindle book includes a free eBook in PDF format. Key Features Get an understanding of data modeling techniques using Power BI with this up-to-date guide Learn how to define the relationships between data sets to extract valuable insights Explore best practices for data preparation and modeling and build optimal data models to solve a wide variety of real-world business challenges Book Description This book is a comprehensive guide to understanding the ins and outs of data modeling and how to create full-fledged data models using Power BI confidently. In this new, fully updated edition, you'll learn how to connect data from multiple sources, understand data, define and manage relationships between data, and shape data models to gain deep and detailed insights about your organization. As you advance through the chapters, the book will demonstrate how to prepare efficient data models in the Power Query Editor and use simpler DAX code with new data modeling features. You'll explore how to use the various data modeling and navigation techniques and perform custom calculations using the modeling features with the help of real-world examples. Finally, you'll learn how to use some new and advanced modeling features to enhance your data models to carry out a wide variety of complex tasks. Additionally, you'll learn valuable best practices and explore common data modeling complications and the solutions to supercharge the process of creating a data model in Power BI and build better-performing data models. By the end of this Power BI book, you'll have gained the skills you need to structure data coming from multiple sources in different ways to create optimized data models that support high-performing reports and data analytics. What you will learn Implement virtual tables and time intelligence functionalities in DAX to build a powerful model Identify Dimension and Fact tables and implement them in Power Query Editor Deal with advanced data preparation scenarios while building Star Schema Discover different hierarchies and their common pitfalls Understand complex data models and how to decrease the level of model complexity with different approaches Learn advanced data modeling techniques such as calculation groups, aggregations, incremental refresh, RLS/OLS, and more Get well-versed with datamarts and dataflows in PowerBI Who this book is for This MS Power BI book is for BI users, data analysts, and analysis developers who want to become well-versed with data modeling techniques to make the most of Power BI. Basic working knowledge of Power BI and the Star Schema functionality are required to help you to understand the concepts covered in this book.
Publisher: Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN: 1803245395
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 699
Book Description
Take your Power BI reports to the next level by learning various data modeling techniques and leveraging the latest features of Power BI effectively Purchase of the print or Kindle book includes a free eBook in PDF format. Key Features Get an understanding of data modeling techniques using Power BI with this up-to-date guide Learn how to define the relationships between data sets to extract valuable insights Explore best practices for data preparation and modeling and build optimal data models to solve a wide variety of real-world business challenges Book Description This book is a comprehensive guide to understanding the ins and outs of data modeling and how to create full-fledged data models using Power BI confidently. In this new, fully updated edition, you'll learn how to connect data from multiple sources, understand data, define and manage relationships between data, and shape data models to gain deep and detailed insights about your organization. As you advance through the chapters, the book will demonstrate how to prepare efficient data models in the Power Query Editor and use simpler DAX code with new data modeling features. You'll explore how to use the various data modeling and navigation techniques and perform custom calculations using the modeling features with the help of real-world examples. Finally, you'll learn how to use some new and advanced modeling features to enhance your data models to carry out a wide variety of complex tasks. Additionally, you'll learn valuable best practices and explore common data modeling complications and the solutions to supercharge the process of creating a data model in Power BI and build better-performing data models. By the end of this Power BI book, you'll have gained the skills you need to structure data coming from multiple sources in different ways to create optimized data models that support high-performing reports and data analytics. What you will learn Implement virtual tables and time intelligence functionalities in DAX to build a powerful model Identify Dimension and Fact tables and implement them in Power Query Editor Deal with advanced data preparation scenarios while building Star Schema Discover different hierarchies and their common pitfalls Understand complex data models and how to decrease the level of model complexity with different approaches Learn advanced data modeling techniques such as calculation groups, aggregations, incremental refresh, RLS/OLS, and more Get well-versed with datamarts and dataflows in PowerBI Who this book is for This MS Power BI book is for BI users, data analysts, and analysis developers who want to become well-versed with data modeling techniques to make the most of Power BI. Basic working knowledge of Power BI and the Star Schema functionality are required to help you to understand the concepts covered in this book.