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Author: Briana Goodwin Publisher: ISBN: Category : Ocean wave power Languages : en Pages : 112
Book Description
The ocean off Oregon's coast is a busy place with many activities occurring that can sometimes be in competition or cooperation. Deciding how new uses fit with existing ocean uses is complex, but there are some tools available to help decision-makers. Generating energy from waves is an emerging ocean use and the human dimension effects require further study. In 2011, the Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center (NNMREC), in conjunction with Oregon Sea Grant (OSG), began efforts to identify a site for a grid-connected, open-ocean test facility for full-scale wave energy devices. The NNMREC and OSG led a siting process that included meetings with community leaders, public workshops, and the creation of teams of community members to develop siting proposals. This thesis research emerged from a solicitation for an independent evaluation of the siting process. The overall goal of this research was to determine if the siting process was effective. Specifically, using a mixed methods research approach consisting of semi-structured interviews and an online questionnaire, this research answered if participants: (a) where participants involved in the process at the level they wanted to be, (b) did participants understand the process, (c) did participants feel as though they were heard, and (d) did participants feel they had an influence on the outcome of the process? The goal of evaluating this siting process was to provide lessons that can inform future marine renewable energy siting efforts. Logistically, there were several successful aspects of the siting process. Most participants reported they had at least a fair understanding of the process and felt they had enough information. The most frequently used sources of information about the process came from public meetings and personal communications with process leaders. On average, participants reported they wished they had been more involved in the process, but most participants reported that this less-than-desired involvement was due to personal or professional constraints, not the process itself. On average, respondents understood the process and felt heard, but they neither agreed nor disagreed they had an influence on the process. As existing and new uses compete for space in the ocean, more social science research is needed to understand how best to choose sites for new uses. Research about stakeholder engagement in the process of siting marine renewable energy facilities is an emerging field of study, and gaining a better understanding of how to design and implement processes that effectively engage communities in wave energy siting could lead to more successful siting efforts in the future.
Author: Briana Goodwin Publisher: ISBN: Category : Ocean wave power Languages : en Pages : 112
Book Description
The ocean off Oregon's coast is a busy place with many activities occurring that can sometimes be in competition or cooperation. Deciding how new uses fit with existing ocean uses is complex, but there are some tools available to help decision-makers. Generating energy from waves is an emerging ocean use and the human dimension effects require further study. In 2011, the Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center (NNMREC), in conjunction with Oregon Sea Grant (OSG), began efforts to identify a site for a grid-connected, open-ocean test facility for full-scale wave energy devices. The NNMREC and OSG led a siting process that included meetings with community leaders, public workshops, and the creation of teams of community members to develop siting proposals. This thesis research emerged from a solicitation for an independent evaluation of the siting process. The overall goal of this research was to determine if the siting process was effective. Specifically, using a mixed methods research approach consisting of semi-structured interviews and an online questionnaire, this research answered if participants: (a) where participants involved in the process at the level they wanted to be, (b) did participants understand the process, (c) did participants feel as though they were heard, and (d) did participants feel they had an influence on the outcome of the process? The goal of evaluating this siting process was to provide lessons that can inform future marine renewable energy siting efforts. Logistically, there were several successful aspects of the siting process. Most participants reported they had at least a fair understanding of the process and felt they had enough information. The most frequently used sources of information about the process came from public meetings and personal communications with process leaders. On average, participants reported they wished they had been more involved in the process, but most participants reported that this less-than-desired involvement was due to personal or professional constraints, not the process itself. On average, respondents understood the process and felt heard, but they neither agreed nor disagreed they had an influence on the process. As existing and new uses compete for space in the ocean, more social science research is needed to understand how best to choose sites for new uses. Research about stakeholder engagement in the process of siting marine renewable energy facilities is an emerging field of study, and gaining a better understanding of how to design and implement processes that effectively engage communities in wave energy siting could lead to more successful siting efforts in the future.
Author: Glen Wright Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1317211383 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 252
Book Description
Energy from wave and tidal power is a key component of current policies for renewable sources of energy. This book provides the first comprehensive exploration of legal, economic, and social issues related to the emerging ocean energy industry, in particular wave and tidal energy technologies. This industry is rapidly developing, and considerable technical literature has developed around the technology. However, it is shown that challenges relating to regulation and policy are major impediments to industry development, and these aspects have not previously been sufficiently highlighted and studied. The book informs policymakers, industry participants, and researchers of the key issues in this developing field. Ocean energy is considered in the context of the blue economy and an industrialising ocean, and the topics covered include: development of policy (policy instruments, risk and delay in technology development); legal aspects (consenting processes, resource management, impact assessment); human interactions (conflicts, consultation, community benefits); and spatial planning of the marine environment. While offshore wind energy, sited in the oceans but not strictly derived from the ocean, is not the primary focus of the book, there is also discussion of the similarities and differences between offshore wind and wave and tidal power policy dimensions.
Author: Briana Goodwin Publisher: ISBN: Category : Ocean wave power Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
In 2011, The Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center (NNMREC) began a focused effort to develop an open-ocean facility to test full-scale devices, called the Pacific Marine Energy Center South Energy Test Site (PMEC-SETS). NNMREC partnered with Oregon Sea Grant Extension (OSG) to implement a community process to find the site for PMEC-SETS. Leaders from both organizations began the process by meeting with community leaders in four coastal communities to create awareness about PMEC-SETS, to answer questions, and to gauge the interest level of each community in hosting the PMEC-SETS site. The process continued with community forums regarding the process to find a site for PMEC-SETS. This report details an evaluation of this process to determine a final site for PMEC-SETS, and it provides recommendations for future wave energy siting efforts based on the evaluation and relevant literature. The evaluation was conducted using a mixed method approach of interviews and an online survey.
Author: Daniel A. Hunter Publisher: ISBN: Category : Ocean energy resources Languages : en Pages : 338
Book Description
Oregon's coastal communities grew from the booming logging and fishing industries of the 19th century, but in recent decades have faced not only major declines in both timber and fish resources but also an increasing reliance on tourists and retirees and the resultant glut of seasonal service-sector jobs. As a burgeoning new industry, wave energy development promises not only a renaissance of family-wage jobs for coastal residents but also the opportunity to fulfill the mandate of the state's Renewable Energy Portfolio Standard (RPS) of 2006. However, not all coastal residents express enthusiasm for wave energy, and some feel directly threatened by specific development proposals. This study examines public perceptions of the wave energy development process among six categories of coastal stakeholders including local government, commercial fishing, tourism enterprises, recreation, environmentalists, and general citizenry (including retirees and residents not included in the above categories). Forty-seven residents across three coastal counties facing potential development were asked a set of questions during semi-structured interviews to assess: 1) an emic definition of the concept of "community well-being," 2) the nature of residents' knowledge and understanding of wave energy technology, and 3) the perceived potential impacts of wave energy technology on community well-being. Impacts were organized into five categories (environmental, economic, aesthetic, vocational, and psychological) utilizing an opportunity-threat analysis framework. The degree to which impacts were viewed as either threats or opportunities primarily reflected individuals' cognitive orientation toward near-term effects in local systems or long-term effects in global systems, respectively. Findings suggest that proponents should focus outreach efforts through local newspapers and online resources to dispel unrealistic expectations of potential benefits and exaggerated predictions of potentially negative community impacts.
Author: George W. Boehlert Publisher: ISBN: Category : Marine animals Languages : en Pages : 133
Book Description
"Development of wave and offshore wind-based marine renewable energy is anticipated on the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) off Oregon and much of the Pacific Northwest in the coming decade. Multiple issues related to environmental considerations and information needs remain for these emerging industries. The Oregon Marine Renewable Energy Environmental Science Conference was held 28-29 November 2012, at Oregon State University (OSU) in Corvallis, Oregon. The conference brought together experts to outline research and monitoring needs to assess environmental impacts of these technologies. It has been over five years since the last workshop on marine renewable energy (Boehlert et al. 2008) examined the environmental effects of wave energy off the Oregon coast; there has been no comprehensive evaluation of data needs for offshore wind energy on the West Coast to date. New research, technology development, and other activities in the intervening five years create a need to assess the current research inventory and identify information gaps and priorities for future research associated with marine renewable energy. The conference was organized via a partnership between the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) and several entities within the state of Oregon. The primary goal of the conference was to evaluate environmental research needs associated with wave and offshore wind energy development in the Pacific Northwest. The conference had three major objectives: i) showcase research recently completed or currently underway that addresses environmental questions associated with marine renewable energy; ii) synthesize new research and existing information with the aim of distilling it into products that agencies and resource managers could use to carry out their planning and management duties; and iii) identify gaps in our understanding of the technologies and potentially affected systems useful to scientists, managers and funders to determine where to focus future research efforts ... The principal research priorities identified were specific to the three breakout groups. The highest-priority projects recommended by each group were as follows: Baseline: [1] Seafloor characterization at a broad-scale resolution, especially 3-10 miles offshore, in presumed sedimentary areas, with the goal of identifying sensitive unidentified ecological resources in areas that might be desirable for renewable energy development. [2] Distributions of non-commercial species (i.e., forage fish species) integral to ecosystem dynamics and indicative of system vulnerability. [3] Identification of ecological hotspots (including temporal variability, and especially winter and/or off-season sampling months). [4] Multiple aspects of basic seabird biology and ecology need to be characterized, including mapping of at-sea migratory corridors, basic distribution information, and behavioral studies. [5] Information is needed about marine mammal distribution, including temporal (inter-annual) variability, distribution in winter and/or off-season sampling months, diel distribution (as day/night distributions are likely to differ for some species), and decadal scale variation in distribution. Impact/Short-term: [1] Determine the far field and near field impacts on sediment transport induced by energy reduction. [2] Measure acoustic energy transmitted by wave energy converters (WECs) and evaluate impacts by comparing to baseline ambient levels. [3] Determine the electromagnetic field impacts on sensitive or migrating species, e.g., sturgeon, elasmobranchs, salmonids, crustaceans, and resident fish species. [4] Evaluate thresholds for EMF detection in key species using behavioral or other approaches. [5] Evaluate the impacts of WEC-produced noise on marine mammals. [6] If collision risk for marine mammals exists with WECs, determine whether acoustic deterrence devices can reduce collision risk. [7] Evaluate bird and bat distribution and migration patterns (including fine-scale nearshore surveys), flight altitude, and nocturnal flight characteristics. [8] Determine whether and how artificial reef/FADs will impact out-migrating salmonid smolts. [9] Determine the impacts of structures on green sturgeon. [10] Assess the scaling impacts on benthic communities/benthic habitat, especially with respect to sediment transport and settling (based on possible circulation changes). [11] Collect baseline data about noise from wind devices, including assessments of how those noise levels will exceed ambient levels, in order to determine impacts of device noise (for offshore wind only). [12] Assess the potential collision impacts of cetaceans with wind energy devices/structures/mooring cables (offshore wind only). Monitoring: [1] Improve acoustics receiver network for fishes, especially listed sturgeon (which already have acoustic tags implanted in a large number of fishes). [2] Conduct studies to understand habitat utilization of seabirds foraging offshore in three-dimensional air space. [3] Determine methodology to confidently monitor bird strikes, including during severe weather. [4] Initiate and continue long term monitoring of distribution of endangered fish, mammals, and birds (marbled murrelet, Stellar sea lion, whales, salmon, sturgeon). [5] Determine encounter rates of whales for these types of facilities. Monitor opportunistic projects (e.g. Pacific Marine Energy Center, to be sited off of Newport) or existing tension leg projects and sperm whale data in GOM to gain a better understanding ... "--Exec. Summary.
Author: United States. Congress. House Publisher: ISBN: Category : Legislation Languages : en Pages : 1088
Book Description
Some vols. include supplemental journals of "such proceedings of the sessions, as, during the time they were depending, were ordered to be kept secret, and respecting which the injunction of secrecy was afterwards taken off by the order of the House."
Author: Briana Goodwin
Author: Briana Goodwin
Author: Glen Wright
Author: Briana Goodwin
Author: Daniel A. Hunter
Author: George W. Boehlert
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Author: 
Author: Andrew Bakun
Author: United States. Congress. House
Author: