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Book Description
NOUS ANALYSONS QUELQUES ASPECTS NOUVEAUX DES LASERS A UN OU PLUSIEURS AXES DE PROPAGATION : NOUS METTONS EN EVIDENCE LE ROLE DU MOMENT CINETIQUE DANS LA PHYSIQUE DES LASERS ISOTROPES SOUMIS A UNE INJECTION. POUR DECRIRE LES ECHANGES ENTRE LES LASERS MAITRE ET ESCLAVE, LA LOI DE CONSERVATION DU MOMENT CINETIQUE DOIT ETRE CONSIDEREE AVANT LA LOI DE CONSERVATION DE L'ENERGIE. NOUS EXPLORONS LA PHYSIQUE DES LASERS MULTIAXES REALISES EN INTRODUISANT PLUSIEURS CRISTAUX A DOUBLE REFRACTION DANS LE RESONATEUR. CES LASERS SONT DECRITS PAR LES MATRICES DE JONES QUE NOUS AVONS GENERALISEES A N AXES. LES ETATS PROPRES SEPARES OU FOURCHUS SONT ISOLES. EN PRESENCE D'ETATS FOURCHUS, ON MONTRE L'ADDITION COHERENTE DES ENERGIES ISSUES DES DIFFERENTES ZONES DE GAIN. CE PRINCIPE EST APPLIQUE AUX LASERS SOLIDES POMPES PAR DIODES LASER FIBREES. EN PRESENCE D'ETATS SEPARES, ON PEUT EFFECTUER UNE MESURE DIRECTE DE LA CONSTANTE DE COUPLAGE ENTRE DEUX ETATS PROPRES DANS UN LASER. LE COUPLAGE FAIBLE ENTRE LES ETATS PROPRES NOUS PERMET DE REALISER UN LASER HETERODYNE ND:YAG QUI EST UTILISE POUR MESURER LE TEMPS DE VIE DE L'ION CR#4#+:YAG. L'INSERTION D'UN ETALON SELECTIF SUR UN DES AXES D'UN LASER BI-AXE PERMET D'OBTENIR L'OSCILLATION DES DEUX ETATS PROPRES A DEUX FREQUENCES DONT LA DIFFERENCE EST CONTINUMENT ACCORDABLE AU-DELA DE L'INTERVALLE SPECTRAL LIBRE DE LA CAVITE. NOUS MONTRONS QUE LES LASERS A AUTO-MODULATION DE POLARISATION, PROPOSES COMME HORLOGES OPTIQUES, OSCILLENT SUR UN SEUL TOUR DE CAVITE, ET NON SUR DEUX. LES REGIMES DE VERROUILLAGE OU DE DERIVE DES PHASES RELATIVES DES ETATS PROPRES SONT ISOLES. DANS LES RESONATEURS A CAVITE INSTABLES, LA REDUCTION DES PERTES PAR DIFFRACTION EN INTRODUISANT PLUSIEURS DIAPHRAGMES EST DEMONTREE ET EXPLIQUEE. UNE CAVITE STABLE CONTENANT UN DIAPHRAGME POSSEDE ALORS LA MEME PROPRIETE : UNE FOIS LE PREMIER DIAPHRAGME INTRODUIT, LA CAVITE DEVIENT NON-HERMITIQUE. NOUS MONTRONS QUE LE CARACTERE NON-HERMITIQUE DE TELLES CAVITES PROVOQUE DES ECARTS A LA FORMULE DE SCHAWLOW-TOWNES POUR LA LARGEUR SPECTRALE DU LASER.
Book Description
NOUS ANALYSONS QUELQUES ASPECTS NOUVEAUX DES LASERS A UN OU PLUSIEURS AXES DE PROPAGATION : NOUS METTONS EN EVIDENCE LE ROLE DU MOMENT CINETIQUE DANS LA PHYSIQUE DES LASERS ISOTROPES SOUMIS A UNE INJECTION. POUR DECRIRE LES ECHANGES ENTRE LES LASERS MAITRE ET ESCLAVE, LA LOI DE CONSERVATION DU MOMENT CINETIQUE DOIT ETRE CONSIDEREE AVANT LA LOI DE CONSERVATION DE L'ENERGIE. NOUS EXPLORONS LA PHYSIQUE DES LASERS MULTIAXES REALISES EN INTRODUISANT PLUSIEURS CRISTAUX A DOUBLE REFRACTION DANS LE RESONATEUR. CES LASERS SONT DECRITS PAR LES MATRICES DE JONES QUE NOUS AVONS GENERALISEES A N AXES. LES ETATS PROPRES SEPARES OU FOURCHUS SONT ISOLES. EN PRESENCE D'ETATS FOURCHUS, ON MONTRE L'ADDITION COHERENTE DES ENERGIES ISSUES DES DIFFERENTES ZONES DE GAIN. CE PRINCIPE EST APPLIQUE AUX LASERS SOLIDES POMPES PAR DIODES LASER FIBREES. EN PRESENCE D'ETATS SEPARES, ON PEUT EFFECTUER UNE MESURE DIRECTE DE LA CONSTANTE DE COUPLAGE ENTRE DEUX ETATS PROPRES DANS UN LASER. LE COUPLAGE FAIBLE ENTRE LES ETATS PROPRES NOUS PERMET DE REALISER UN LASER HETERODYNE ND:YAG QUI EST UTILISE POUR MESURER LE TEMPS DE VIE DE L'ION CR#4#+:YAG. L'INSERTION D'UN ETALON SELECTIF SUR UN DES AXES D'UN LASER BI-AXE PERMET D'OBTENIR L'OSCILLATION DES DEUX ETATS PROPRES A DEUX FREQUENCES DONT LA DIFFERENCE EST CONTINUMENT ACCORDABLE AU-DELA DE L'INTERVALLE SPECTRAL LIBRE DE LA CAVITE. NOUS MONTRONS QUE LES LASERS A AUTO-MODULATION DE POLARISATION, PROPOSES COMME HORLOGES OPTIQUES, OSCILLENT SUR UN SEUL TOUR DE CAVITE, ET NON SUR DEUX. LES REGIMES DE VERROUILLAGE OU DE DERIVE DES PHASES RELATIVES DES ETATS PROPRES SONT ISOLES. DANS LES RESONATEURS A CAVITE INSTABLES, LA REDUCTION DES PERTES PAR DIFFRACTION EN INTRODUISANT PLUSIEURS DIAPHRAGMES EST DEMONTREE ET EXPLIQUEE. UNE CAVITE STABLE CONTENANT UN DIAPHRAGME POSSEDE ALORS LA MEME PROPRIETE : UNE FOIS LE PREMIER DIAPHRAGME INTRODUIT, LA CAVITE DEVIENT NON-HERMITIQUE. NOUS MONTRONS QUE LE CARACTERE NON-HERMITIQUE DE TELLES CAVITES PROVOQUE DES ECARTS A LA FORMULE DE SCHAWLOW-TOWNES POUR LA LARGEUR SPECTRALE DU LASER.
Author: David Cowley Publisher: Oxbow Books Limited ISBN: 9781842175163 Category : Archaeological surveying Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS), or lidar, is an enormously important innovation for data collection and interpretation in archaeology. The application of archaeological 3D data deriving from sources including ALS, close-range photogrammetry and terrestrial and photogrammetric scanners has grown exponentially over the last decade. Such data present numerous possibilities and challenges, from ensuring that applications remain archaeologically relevant, to developing practices that integrate the manipulation and interrogation of complex digital datasets with the skills of archaeological observation and interpretation. This volume addresses the implications of multi-scaled topographic data for contemporary archaeological practice in a rapidly developing field, drawing on examples of ongoing projects and reflections on best practice. Twenty papers from across Europe explore the implications of these digital 3D datasets for the recording and interpretation of archaeological topography, whether at the landscape, site or artifact scale. The papers illustrate the variety of ways in which we engage with archaeological topography through 3D data, from discussions of its role in landscape archaeology, to issues of context and integration, and to the methodological challenges of processing, visualization and manipulation. Critical reflection on developing practice and implications for cultural resource management and research contextualize the case studies and applications, illustrating the diverse and evolving roles played by multi-scalar topographic data in contemporary archaeology.
Author: Markus Osterhoff Publisher: Universitätsverlag Göttingen ISBN: 3863950542 Category : Languages : en Pages : 167
Book Description
Curved x-ray multilayer mirrors focus synchrotron beams down to tens of nano metres. A wave-optical theory describing propagation of two waves in an elliptically curved focusing multilayer mirror is developed in this thesis. Using numerical integration, the layer shapes can be optimised for reflectivity and aberrations. Within this framework, performance of both existing and currently upgraded synchrotron beamlines is simulated. Using a more theoretical model case, limits of the theory are studied. A significant part of this work is dedicated to partial spatial coherence, modelled using the method of stochastic superpositions. Coherence propagation and filtering by x-ray waveguides is shown analytically and numerically. This comprehensive model is put forward that shall help in development and testing of new algorithms for a variety of imaging techniques using coherent x-ray beams. Advanced simulations accounting for real structure effects are compared to experimental data obtained at the GINIX instrument at the coherence beamline P10 at PETRA III, DESY. This thesis presents results of a collaboration between the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen and the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) Grenoble.
Author: Kaoru Yamanouchi Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319648403 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 234
Book Description
This thirteenth volume in the PUILS series covers a broad range of topics from this interdisciplinary research field, focusing on atoms, molecules, and clusters interacting in intense laser field and high-order harmonics generation and their applications. The series delivers up-to-date reviews of progress in ultrafast intense laser science, the interdisciplinary research field spanning atomic and molecular physics, molecular science, and optical science, which has been stimulated by the developments in ultrafast laser technologies. Each volume compiles peer-reviewed articles authored by researchers at the forefront of each their own subfields of UILS. Typically, each chapter opens with an overview of the topics to be discussed, so that researchers unfamiliar to the subfield, as well as graduate students, can grasp the importance and attractions of the research topic at hand; these are followed by reports of cutting-edge discoveries.
Author: Babin, Marcel Publisher: UNESCO ISBN: 9231040421 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 880
Book Description
The proliferation of harmful phytoplankton in marine ecosystems can cause massive fish kills, contaminate seafood with toxins, impact local and regional economies and dramatically affect ecological balance. Real-time observations are essential for effective short-term operational forecasting, but observation and modelling systems are still being developed. This volume provides guidance for developing real-time and near real-time sensing systems for observing and predicting plankton dynamics, including harmful algal blooms, in coastal waters. The underlying theory is explained and current trends in research and monitoring are discussed.Topics covered include: coastal ecosystems and dynamics of harmful algal blooms; theory and practical applications of in situ and remotely sensed optical detection of microalgal distributions and composition; theory and practical applications of in situ biological and chemical sensors for targeted species and toxin detection; integrated observing systems and platforms for detection; diagnostic and predictive modelling of ecosystems and harmful algal blooms, including data assimilation techniques; observational needs for the public and government; and future directions for research and operations.
Author: National Aeronautics Administration Publisher: CreateSpace ISBN: 9781501081729 Category : Languages : en Pages : 332
Book Description
Addressing a field that has been dominated by astronomers, physicists, engineers, and computer scientists, the contributors to this collection raise questions that may have been overlooked by physical scientists about the ease of establishing meaningful communication with an extraterrestrial intelligence. These scholars are grappling with some of the enormous challenges that will face humanity if an information-rich signal emanating from another world is detected. By drawing on issues at the core of contemporary archaeology and anthropology, we can be much better prepared for contact with an extraterrestrial civilization, should that day ever come.
Author: Claude Cohen-Tannoudji Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527345558 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 790
Book Description
This new, third volume of Cohen-Tannoudji's groundbreaking textbook covers advanced topics of quantum mechanics such as uncorrelated and correlated identical particles, the quantum theory of the electromagnetic field, absorption, emission and scattering of photons by atoms, and quantum entanglement. Written in a didactically unrivalled manner, the textbook explains the fundamental concepts in seven chapters which are elaborated in accompanying complements that provide more detailed discussions, examples and applications. * Completing the success story: the third and final volume of the quantum mechanics textbook written by 1997 Nobel laureate Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and his colleagues Bernard Diu and Franck Laloë * As easily comprehensible as possible: all steps of the physical background and its mathematical representation are spelled out explicitly * Comprehensive: in addition to the fundamentals themselves, the books comes with a wealth of elaborately explained examples and applications Claude Cohen-Tannoudji was a researcher at the Kastler-Brossel laboratory of the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris where he also studied and received his PhD in 1962. In 1973 he became Professor of atomic and molecular physics at the Collège des France. His main research interests were optical pumping, quantum optics and atom-photon interactions. In 1997, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, together with Steven Chu and William D. Phillips, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his research on laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms. Bernard Diu was Professor at the Denis Diderot University (Paris VII). He was engaged in research at the Laboratory of Theoretical Physics and High Energy where his focus was on strong interactions physics and statistical mechanics. Franck Laloë was a researcher at the Kastler-Brossel laboratory of the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris. His first assignment was with the University of Paris VI before he was appointed to the CNRS, the French National Research Center. His research was focused on optical pumping, statistical mechanics of quantum gases, musical acoustics and the foundations of quantum mechanics.
Author: Edmond de Hoffmann Publisher: Wiley ISBN: 9780471485650 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 420
Book Description
Offers a complete overview of the principles, theories and key applications of modern mass spectrometry in this introductory textbook. Following on from the highly successful first edition, this edition is extensively updated including new techniques and applications. All instrumental aspects of mass spectrometry are clearly and concisely described; sources, analysers and detectors. * Revised and updated * Numerous examples and illustrations are combined with a series of exercises to help encourage student understanding * Includes biological applications, which have been significantly expanded and updated * Also includes coverage of ESI and MALDI
Author: Daniel Malacara Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0471484040 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 882
Book Description
The purpose of this third edition is to bring together in a single book descriptions of all tests carried out in the optical shop that are applicable to optical components and systems. This book is intended for the specialist as well as the non-specialist engaged in optical shop testing. There is currently a great deal of research being done in optical engineering. Making this new edition very timely.
Author: MARC.. BRUNEL
Author: MARC.. BRUNEL
Author: David Cowley
Author: Markus Osterhoff
Author: Kaoru Yamanouchi
Author: Babin, Marcel
Author: National Aeronautics Administration
Author: Claude Cohen-Tannoudji
Author: Edmond de Hoffmann
Author: Daniel Malacara
Author: Lucien Boithias