Etude des spécificités iconiques et fonctionnelles des images scientifique (représentations figuratives et graphiques) et de leurs utilisations didactiques pour l’amélioration des apprentissages en biologie au Secondaire et à l’université PDF Download
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Author: Hassen Reda Dahmani Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : fr Pages :
Book Description
Ce travail consiste en l’étude, d’un point de vue didactique, sémiologique et épistémologique, des images scientifiques de molécules mobilisées dans l’enseignement de la biologie au niveau du lycée et de l’université (à Bordeaux et partiellement à Alger). Dans le domaine de la recherche scientifique, la visualisation transforme les données scientifiques en une forme concrète d’aide à la compréhension afin de promouvoir l’investigation et faciliter la communication. Dans le domaine de l’enseignement, les images de molécules transposées par les enseignants (du monde de la recherche, des manuels, des logiciels du visualisation moléculaire ou de ressources Internet), nécessitent d’être réadaptées pour satisfaire à de nouvelles conditions d’utilisation. Sur la base de l’établissement d’un état des lieux de leur utilisation en milieu scolaire (analyse de pratique, analyse d’entretien et de test...), l’étude présente une expérimentation de séquences d’enseignement considérant les images de molécules, pas seulement comme supports d’illustration, mais surtout comme outils de pensée insérés dans des activités didactiques rendant compte des démarches scientifiques qui ont permis de les produire. Il s’agit, d’une part, de faire fonctionner les images en prenant en compte leur rôle et les fonctions que l’activité scientifique leur assignent dans le processus de conceptualisation (faire élaborer par des élèves des représentations graphiques et les faire évoluer au cours de l’activité) et, d’autre part, d’associer et d’articuler le registre iconique à d’autres registres sémiotiques de type langagier afin de négocier la construction de signification au sein de cette communauté discursive qu’est la classe. Nous analysons ensuite l’impact sur l’apprentissage de ces deux approches complémentaires et ce qu’elles font apparaître comme contraintes sur les pratiques enseignantes. Enfin, nous prendrons en compte l’implication de tel résultats et réflexions sur le plan de la formation des enseignants aux images scientifiques.
Author: Hassen Reda Dahmani Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : fr Pages :
Book Description
Ce travail consiste en l’étude, d’un point de vue didactique, sémiologique et épistémologique, des images scientifiques de molécules mobilisées dans l’enseignement de la biologie au niveau du lycée et de l’université (à Bordeaux et partiellement à Alger). Dans le domaine de la recherche scientifique, la visualisation transforme les données scientifiques en une forme concrète d’aide à la compréhension afin de promouvoir l’investigation et faciliter la communication. Dans le domaine de l’enseignement, les images de molécules transposées par les enseignants (du monde de la recherche, des manuels, des logiciels du visualisation moléculaire ou de ressources Internet), nécessitent d’être réadaptées pour satisfaire à de nouvelles conditions d’utilisation. Sur la base de l’établissement d’un état des lieux de leur utilisation en milieu scolaire (analyse de pratique, analyse d’entretien et de test...), l’étude présente une expérimentation de séquences d’enseignement considérant les images de molécules, pas seulement comme supports d’illustration, mais surtout comme outils de pensée insérés dans des activités didactiques rendant compte des démarches scientifiques qui ont permis de les produire. Il s’agit, d’une part, de faire fonctionner les images en prenant en compte leur rôle et les fonctions que l’activité scientifique leur assignent dans le processus de conceptualisation (faire élaborer par des élèves des représentations graphiques et les faire évoluer au cours de l’activité) et, d’autre part, d’associer et d’articuler le registre iconique à d’autres registres sémiotiques de type langagier afin de négocier la construction de signification au sein de cette communauté discursive qu’est la classe. Nous analysons ensuite l’impact sur l’apprentissage de ces deux approches complémentaires et ce qu’elles font apparaître comme contraintes sur les pratiques enseignantes. Enfin, nous prendrons en compte l’implication de tel résultats et réflexions sur le plan de la formation des enseignants aux images scientifiques.
Author: Sara G. Beardsworth Publisher: Open Court Publishing ISBN: 0812699653 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 758
Book Description
The Philosophy of Umberto Eco stands out in the Library of Living Philosophers series as the volume on the most interdisciplinary scholar hitherto and probably the most widely translated. The Italian philosopher’s name and works are well known in the humanities, both his philosophical and literary works being translated into fifteen or more languages. Eco is a founder of modern semiotics and widely known for his work in the philosophy of language and aesthetics. He is also a leading figure in the emergence of postmodern literature, and is associated with cultural and mass communication studies. His writings cover topics such as advertising, television, and children’s literature as well as philosophical questions bearing on truth, reality, cognition, language, and literature. The critical essays in this volume cover the full range of this output. This book has wide appeal not only because of its interdisciplinary nature but also because of Eco’s famous “high and low” approach, which is deeply scholarly in conception and very accessible in outcome. The short essay “Why Philosophy?” included in the volume is exemplary in this regard: it will appeal to scholars for its wit and to high school students for its intelligibility.
Author: Hetty Zock Publisher: ISBN: 9789042921733 Category : Aesthetics Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Since the 'turn to the subject' in modernity, aesthetic experiences have become crucial in the creation of meaning. This explains why art and religion are becoming increasingly intermingled in late modern Western culture. The search for meaning is no longer confined to traditional religious settings and it is especially in art that people are looking for moral and spiritual significance. Religion is being aestheticised while art is being spiritualised. This volume contains studies on the interface between art and religion. Scholars from art studies, theology, philosophy and psychology of religion address the following questions: What psychological and religious functions does art fulfil? What are the similarities and differences between aesthetic and religious experiences? How does the aestheticising of religion affect theological thinking? How does the spiritualising of art affect artistic practices and theory? Case studies are taken from literature, visual art, film and opera, both from 'high' and popular culture. Among others, there are chapters on J.M. Coetzee's novel Waiting for the Barbarians, Richard Wagner's operas, the Harry Potter books and the concept of beauty from a theological perspective. The contributors all highlight the crucial role of human imaginative capabilities and the capacity of art to open up wider horizons of meaning.
Author: Apuleius Publisher: ISBN: 9781521058114 Category : Languages : en Pages : 34
Book Description
"On the God of Socrates" is a work on the existence and nature of demons, the intermediaries between gods and humans. This treatise was roughly attacked by Augustine of Hippo. It contains a passage comparing gods and kings which is the first recorded occurrence of the proverb "familiarity breeds contempt".Apuleius (/ˌ�pjᵿˈliːəs/; also called Lucius Apuleius Madaurensis and in Berber: Afulay c. 124 - c. 170 AD) was a Latin-language prose writer, platonist philosopher and rhetorian. He was a Numidian who lived under the Roman Empire and was from Madauros (now M'Daourouch, Algeria). He studied Platonism in Athens, travelled to Italy, Asia Minor, and Egypt and was an initiate in several cults or mysteries. The most famous incident in his life was when he was accused of using magic to gain the attentions (and fortune) of a wealthy widow. He declaimed and then distributed a witty tour de force in his own defense before the proconsul and a court of magistrates convened in Sabratha, near ancient Tripoli, Libya. This is known as the Apologia.His most famous work is his bawdy picaresque novel, the Metamorphoses, otherwise known as The Golden Ass. It is the only Latin novel that has survived in its entirety. It relates the ludicrous adventures of one Lucius, who experiments with magic and is accidentally turned into a donkey.
Author: Christopher A. Faraone Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 216
Book Description
Greek legends and historical accounts contain many references to special statues or images designed to preserve the safety or livelihood of a city, a business or a house. These images, which fall into two often overlapping categories (talismans and apotropaia), were erected according to special rituals and took on a variety of intriguing forms, including lions, locusts, and bound effigies of destructive deities like Ares. Looking closely at a wide variety of Greek texts and artifacts, Faraone provides a detailed description and survey of these images and then uses this information to provide new interpretations of early Greek myths about Pandora, the Trojan Horse, and the "living statues" created by Hephaestus. At each step he sets the Greek evidence in a wider eastern-Mediterranean context, with detailed discussions of Near Eastern and Egyptian practices that bear close resemblance to the Greek rituals. The study closes with a re-evaluation of the traditional scholarly approach to religious art as purely representational, suggesting that some images instead of simply illustrating the power of a god, were actually created to restrain and control the power of inimical supernatural forces such as plague-gods and ghosts. Focusing renewed attention on these often misinterpreted talismans and apotropaia, Talismans and Trojan Horses will be illuminating for scholars and students of classics, art and archaeology, religion, the Ancient Near East, the Bible, and mythology.
Author: Jean Petitot Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319655914 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 388
Book Description
This book describes several mathematical models of the primary visual cortex, referring them to a vast ensemble of experimental data and putting forward an original geometrical model for its functional architecture, that is, the highly specific organization of its neural connections. The book spells out the geometrical algorithms implemented by this functional architecture, or put another way, the “neurogeometry” immanent in visual perception. Focusing on the neural origins of our spatial representations, it demonstrates three things: firstly, the way the visual neurons filter the optical signal is closely related to a wavelet analysis; secondly, the contact structure of the 1-jets of the curves in the plane (the retinal plane here) is implemented by the cortical functional architecture; and lastly, the visual algorithms for integrating contours from what may be rather incomplete sensory data can be modelled by the sub-Riemannian geometry associated with this contact structure. As such, it provides readers with the first systematic interpretation of a number of important neurophysiological observations in a well-defined mathematical framework. The book’s neuromathematical exploration appeals to graduate students and researchers in integrative-functional-cognitive neuroscience with a good mathematical background, as well as those in applied mathematics with an interest in neurophysiology.
Author: Jean Petitot Publisher: Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften ISBN: 9783034304757 Category : Cognitive grammar Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This book - written in collaboration with René Doursat, director of the Complex Systems Institute, Paris - adds a new dimension to Cognitive Grammars. It provides a rigorous, operational mathematical foundation, which draws from topology, geometry and dynamical systems to model iconic «image-schemas» and «conceptual archetypes». It defends the thesis that René Thom's morphodynamics is especially well suited to the task and allows to transform the morphological structures of perception into Gestalt-like, abstract, proto-linguistic schemas that can act as inputs into higher-level specific linguistic routines. Cognitive Grammars have drawn upon the view that the deep syntactic and semantic structures of language, such as prepositions and case roles, are grounded in perception and action. This study raises difficult problems, which thus far have not been addressed as a mathematical challenge. Cognitive Morphodynamics shows how this gap can be filled.
Author: Wolfgang Wildgen Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing ISBN: 9027280606 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 130
Book Description
René Thom, the famous French mathematician and founder of catastrophe theory, considered linguistics an exemplary field for the application of his general morphology. It is surprising that physicists, chemists, biologists, psychologists and sociologists are all engaged in the field of catastrophe theory, but that there has been almost no echo from linguistics. Meanwhile linguistics has evolved in the direction of René Thom’s intuitions about an integrated science of language and it has become a necessary task to review, update and elaborate the proposals made by Thom and to embed them in the framework of modern semantic theory.
Author: Tetsur? Watsuji Publisher: SUNY Press ISBN: 9780791430934 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 398
Book Description
Watsuji Tetsuro's Rinrigaku (literally, the principles that allow us to live in friendly community) has been regarded as the definitive study of Japanese ethics for half a century. In Japan, ethics is the study of human being or ningen. As an ethical being, one negates individuality by abandoning one's independence from others. This selflessness is the true meaning of goodness.
Author: Patrick Vauday Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield International ISBN: 9781786600493 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 118
Book Description
Working at the margins of aesthetics and politics, Patrick Vauday challenges the dominant assumptions of our mediatized society and its disposition towards images. This challenge does not advocate eliminating images altogether, but rather entreats us to see them in a different light.
Author: Hassen Reda Dahmani
Author: Hassen Reda Dahmani
Author: Sara G. Beardsworth
Author: Hetty Zock
Author: Apuleius
Author: Christopher A. Faraone
Author: Jean Petitot
Author: Jean Petitot
Author: Wolfgang Wildgen
Author: Tetsur? Watsuji
Author: Patrick Vauday