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Author: Hui-Ju Tsai Publisher: ISBN: Category : Asset allocation Languages : en Pages : 116
Book Description
This dissertation contains two essays on the optimal portfolio decision for long-term investors. The first essay studies the optimal asset allocation for long-horizon investors with non-tradable labor income when multiple risky asset returns are predictable. It finds that more risk-averse investors hold a higher bond/stock ratio in their risky portfolios when labor income is positively correlated with stock return or independent of risky asset returns, but the reverse is true when labor income is positively correlated with bond return. The allocation to stock inherits the inverted U-shaped pattern of labor income growth with respect to expected time until retirement. These results suggest that popular recommendations of investment advisors that more conservative investors should hold a higher bond/stock ratio and that the portfolio allocation to stock should equal 100 minus age may both lack theoretical justification. In the out-of-sample performance test, the dynamic portfolio shows the highest mean returns and Sharpe ratio than two benchmark portfolios, justifying the economic significance of incorporating the time-variation of investment opportunities and nontradable labor income into investors' portfolio choice. The second essay studies employees' optimal portfolio in their defined contribution pension plans. Assuming a discrete time model with predictable risky asset returns, the essay finds that the employees' optimal portfolio decision can be greatly affected by the employees' time to retirement, risk preference, contribution rate as well as the correlation between labor income and asset returns. Performance test shows that the gains from adopting the dynamic portfolio strategy relative to several benchmark strategies, including the 1/n rule, the optimal static strategy with and without the consideration of asset return predictability, all stock strategy, and all company stock strategy, are economically significant and the economic gain increases with employees' risk aversion. The empirical evidence that employees invest significantly in their company stock in pension plans is difficult to be justified, even after the consideration of short-sale constraints, higher expected company stock return, employees' familiarity with their company, and employers' exclusive match policy. Over allocation to company stock can be very costly, especially to conservative employees.
Author: Hui-Ju Tsai Publisher: ISBN: Category : Asset allocation Languages : en Pages : 116
Book Description
This dissertation contains two essays on the optimal portfolio decision for long-term investors. The first essay studies the optimal asset allocation for long-horizon investors with non-tradable labor income when multiple risky asset returns are predictable. It finds that more risk-averse investors hold a higher bond/stock ratio in their risky portfolios when labor income is positively correlated with stock return or independent of risky asset returns, but the reverse is true when labor income is positively correlated with bond return. The allocation to stock inherits the inverted U-shaped pattern of labor income growth with respect to expected time until retirement. These results suggest that popular recommendations of investment advisors that more conservative investors should hold a higher bond/stock ratio and that the portfolio allocation to stock should equal 100 minus age may both lack theoretical justification. In the out-of-sample performance test, the dynamic portfolio shows the highest mean returns and Sharpe ratio than two benchmark portfolios, justifying the economic significance of incorporating the time-variation of investment opportunities and nontradable labor income into investors' portfolio choice. The second essay studies employees' optimal portfolio in their defined contribution pension plans. Assuming a discrete time model with predictable risky asset returns, the essay finds that the employees' optimal portfolio decision can be greatly affected by the employees' time to retirement, risk preference, contribution rate as well as the correlation between labor income and asset returns. Performance test shows that the gains from adopting the dynamic portfolio strategy relative to several benchmark strategies, including the 1/n rule, the optimal static strategy with and without the consideration of asset return predictability, all stock strategy, and all company stock strategy, are economically significant and the economic gain increases with employees' risk aversion. The empirical evidence that employees invest significantly in their company stock in pension plans is difficult to be justified, even after the consideration of short-sale constraints, higher expected company stock return, employees' familiarity with their company, and employers' exclusive match policy. Over allocation to company stock can be very costly, especially to conservative employees.
Author: Luis M. Viceira Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 53
Book Description
This paper analyzes optimal portfolio decisions of long-horizon investors with undiversifiable labor income risk and exogenous expected retirement and lifetime horizons. It shows that the fraction of savings optimally invested in stocks is unambiguously larger for employed investors than for retired investors when labor income risk is uncorrelated with stock return risk. This result provides support for the popular recommendation by investment advisors that employed investors should invest in stocks a larger proportion of their savings than retired investors. This paper also examines the effect of increasing labor income risk on savings and portfolio choice and finds that, when labor income risk is independent of stock market risk, a mean-preserving increases in the variance of labor income growth increases the investor's willingness to save and reduce her willingness to hold the risky asset in her portfolio. A sensible calibration of the model shows that savings are relatively more responsive to changes in labor income risk than portfolio demands. Positive correlation between labor income innovations and unexpected asset returns also reduces the investor's willingness to hold the risky asset, because of its poor properties as a hedge against unexpected declines in labor income. This paper also provides intuition on the peculiar form of optimal portfolio choice of very young investors predicted by the standard life-cycle model.
Author: Ligang Zhong Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 436
Book Description
In this dissertation, I investigate the impact of institutional investors on security prices and corporate policies, and offer a new perspective on the vital role that institutional investors play in the modern capital market. Specifically, on the impact on security price movements, I design a new measure of stock-level sentiment based on mutual fund publically disclosed portfolio information and provide a new dimension to better predict stock returns. A trading strategy based on the new sentiment metrics can generate an annualized alpha of 21.27%. The abnormal returns cannot be explained by the time-varying expected returns and transaction costs, and can be best explained by mutual fund overreactions. Hence, my findings can be interpreted as a new anomaly in a new era-when institutional investors are the marginal traders. On the impact on corporate policy side, I document two pieces of new empirical evidence on the importance of long-term institutional holdings: the entrenchment effect of long-term institutional holdings in the context of corporate financing decisions and the active monitoring role of long-term institutional investors in the context of international firms' accounting qualities. Combined with previous studies which favour a long-term institutional investor, the evidence on the cost side of long-term holding I document here can serve as the first call for an optimal investment horizon for firms operating in the U.S.
Author: John Y. Campbell Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 019160691X Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 272
Book Description
Academic finance has had a remarkable impact on many financial services. Yet long-term investors have received curiously little guidance from academic financial economists. Mean-variance analysis, developed almost fifty years ago, has provided a basic paradigm for portfolio choice. This approach usefully emphasizes the ability of diversification to reduce risk, but it ignores several critically important factors. Most notably, the analysis is static; it assumes that investors care only about risks to wealth one period ahead. However, many investors—-both individuals and institutions such as charitable foundations or universities—-seek to finance a stream of consumption over a long lifetime. In addition, mean-variance analysis treats financial wealth in isolation from income. Long-term investors typically receive a stream of income and use it, along with financial wealth, to support their consumption. At the theoretical level, it is well understood that the solution to a long-term portfolio choice problem can be very different from the solution to a short-term problem. Long-term investors care about intertemporal shocks to investment opportunities and labor income as well as shocks to wealth itself, and they may use financial assets to hedge their intertemporal risks. This should be important in practice because there is a great deal of empirical evidence that investment opportunities—-both interest rates and risk premia on bonds and stocks—-vary through time. Yet this insight has had little influence on investment practice because it is hard to solve for optimal portfolios in intertemporal models. This book seeks to develop the intertemporal approach into an empirical paradigm that can compete with the standard mean-variance analysis. The book shows that long-term inflation-indexed bonds are the riskless asset for long-term investors, it explains the conditions under which stocks are safer assets for long-term than for short-term investors, and it shows how labor income influences portfolio choice. These results shed new light on the rules of thumb used by financial planners. The book explains recent advances in both analytical and numerical methods, and shows how they can be used to understand the portfolio choice problems of long-term investors.
Author: Craig Rowland Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118288254 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 358
Book Description
An up close look at an investment strategy that can handle today's uncertain financial environment Market uncertainty cannot be eliminated. So rather than attempt to do away with it, why not embrace it? That is what this book is designed to do. The Permanent Portfolio takes you through Harry Browne's Permanent Portfolio approach—which can weather a wide range of economic conditions from inflation and deflation to recession—and reveals how it can help investors protect and grow their money. Written by Craig Rowland and Mike Lawson, this reliable resource demonstrates everything from a straightforward four-asset Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) version of the strategy all the way up to a sophisticated approach using Swiss bank storage of selected assets for geographic and political diversification. In all cases, the authors provide step-by-step guidance based upon personal experience. This timeless strategy is supported by more than three decades of empirical evidence The authors skillfully explain how to incorporate the ideas of the Permanent Portfolio into your financial endeavors in order to maintain, protect, and grow your money Includes select updates of Harry Browne's Permanent Portfolio approach, which reflect our changing times The Permanent Portfolio is an essential guide for investors who are serious about building a better portfolio.
Author: John Y. Campbell Publisher: Clarendon Lectures in Economic ISBN: 9780198296942 Category : Asset allocation Languages : en Pages : 280
Book Description
This volume provides a scientific foundation for the advice offered by financial planners to long-term investors. Based upon statistics on asset return behavior and assumed investor objectives, the authors derive optimal portfolio rules that investors can compare with existing rules of thumb.
Author: Brendan Magee Publisher: Trafford Publishing ISBN: 1466958766 Category : Self-Help Languages : en Pages : 118
Book Description
People can achieve wealth and have abundance without a great deal of difficulty. You don't have to sell seal estate on the side or follow one of those get rich quick ads you see on television. A good job with benefits, a long-term strategy and the discipline to see it through are about all it takes. My hope is that this book makes difference in the lives of you and your families in a very significant way.
Author: Bryan Snelson Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470158557 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 241
Book Description
Market fluctuations are a fact of life for all investors. The challenge is to ensure our portfolios have the physical vitality to withstand the constant strain placed upon them by ever-changing markets. Portfolio First Aid writes the prescriptions needed to heal all manner of investment injuries. Suitable for all investors from the novice to the veteran, Portfolio First Aid provides a dose of clear, easy-to-follow preventive medicine to keep portfolios healthy and vibrant. Portfolio First Aid: Diagnoses the source of the most common portfolio ailments. Provides practical advice for any investor, whether you invest on your own or with the help of a professional. Covers all the steps to healthier investing: balancing your portfolio, investing for income, building wealth, working with an advisor, managing risk, minimizing your costs, benchmarking the performance of your investments, and more. Offers clear prescriptions for building a healthier portfolio. "We all make investment mistakes. Portfolio First Aid is packed with advice on how to avoid them—and with profit. Eminently readable and practical, it is a prime and welcome addition to the thoughtful investor’s library." —John Crow, Former Governor, Bank of Canada "The authors of Portfolio First Aid have taken the principles of investing, which are often presented in overly complex terms, and made them simple and actionable. Moreover, they have done so in a highly engaging and entertaining style! This book will be invaluable to investors and their portfolios, not just as first aid, but also as preventive medicine." —David F. Denison, President and Chief Executive Officer, Canada Pension Plan Investment Board
Author: Hui-Ju Tsai
Author: Hui-Ju Tsai
Author: Luis M. Viceira
Author: Ligang Zhong
Author: John Y. Campbell
Author: Francisco João Ferreira Gomes
Author: Craig Rowland
Author: John Y. Campbell
Author: Brendan Magee
Author: Stephen Philip Allen
Author: Bryan Snelson