Spain and Portugal PDF Download

Author: Julia Ortiz Griffin
Publisher: Infobase Publishing
ISBN: 0816074763
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 497

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Book Description
Serves as a reference guide for any student interested in the modern history of Spain and Portugal. This work contains a concise narrative history, a chronology, and an A-to-Z encyclopedia covering significant people, places, events, and issues in Spanish and Portuguese history.

Author: Paul Christopher Manuel
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135757844
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 298

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Book Description
Focusing upon the 15 years during which Spain and Portugal have been members of the European Union, this collection of essays addresses issues related to the anniversary which took place in 2001.

Author: International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1498373259
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 66

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Book Description
The three year Fund-supported program that expired at end-June 2014 succeeded in stabilizing Portugal’s economy and restoring access to sovereign debt markets. Following the deep downturn of 2011–12, the economy has expanded in six of the last seven quarters, albeit at a moderate pace. The cumulative fiscal consolidation over the past three years has been substantial, and the current account is now in surplus. Regained policy credibility and benign market conditions have facilitated the resumption of market access at declining yields. But private consumption is driving the recovery, while the necessary rebalancing of the economy remains elusive. With post-crisis labor slack still extensive, attaining higher growth through private investment and export-led growth continues to be constrained by high corporate debt and weak external competitiveness. Moreover, the momentum for reforms and fiscal adjustment appears to have flagged over the past six months. Notwithstanding past structural reform efforts aimed at improving competitiveness, the slow expansion despite the high labor slack suggests that the unfinished agenda is substantial. Corporate debt is also excessively high, acting as a brake on investment and job creation. While the fiscal targets for 2014 seem well within reach, significantly more ambitious expenditure reforms will be needed to comply with the government’s own medium-term budget framework. Recently regained policy credibility and benign market conditions provide a welcome but only limited window of opportunity to press ahead with necessary reforms. With elections due by October 2015, building consensus around these reforms will prove difficult in the short term. In this context, discussions focused on three key areas necessary to maintaining economic and financial stability and improving medium- term growth prospects: (i) enhancing competitiveness through further reforms to improve the functioning of labor and product markets, and making progress on corporate deleveraging; (ii) safeguarding financial sector stability in a low profitability and low growth environment; and (iii) ensuring fiscal stability in a low profitability and low growth environment; and (iii) ensuring fiscal sustainability against the backdrop of vulnerable debt dynamics and large financing needs.

Author: Europa Publications
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 9781857430561
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 558

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Book Description
Charts the Union's development from its conception through to the implementation of the Maastricht Treaty and its continuing activities. Includes an A-Z section of concise definitions and explanations of organizations, acronyms and terms. The most extensive collection of information available on the European Union. The third edition of this definitive reference work has been thoroughly revised and updated to provide the latest information on the EU. It charts the Union's development from its conception through to the creation of the single market in 1992, to the implementation of the Maastricht Treaty and its continuing activities. Contents include: An A-Z section of concise definitions and explanations of organizations, acronyms and terms, plus short articles on the member states. A series of introductory articles providing a broader view of the policies and activities of the EU. Statistical data for the entire EU on trade, employment and industrial production. An extensive directory of key names, addresses, phone and fax numbers, e-mail and internet addresses for all major European Union institutions and official bodies. Details of MEPs, their political groups and national parties, members of major committees, Directorates-General and other commission bodies.

Author: William Christopher Atkinson
Publisher: [Harmondsworth, Middlesex ; Baltimore] : Penguin Books
ISBN:
Category : Portugal
Languages : en
Pages : 390

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Book Description
Attempts to show as a whole the Peninsula made up of Spain and Portugal, with the slow unfolding of a pattern of society and an attitude to life still subtly distinct from those north of the Pyrenees. The successive occupations of Roman, Visigoth and Muslim span between them more than a thousand years. The Peninsula's great contribution to the modern age was the opening up of the New World in the west by Spain, and of new routes to the east by Portugal. Over the last century and a half the history of both peoples provides a case-study in the esential relativity of forms of government.

Author: Sampson Low
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : English imprints
Languages : en
Pages : 800

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Book Description
Volumes for 1898-1968 include a directory of publishers.

Author: European Conference of Ministers of Transport
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264088164
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 393

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Book Description
The Annual Information Bulletin presents a survey of research in hand on the social and economic aspects of transport in over 400 specialised agencies which are mainly European (West and East) but in some cases American, Canadian or Australian.

Author: Rob Vos
Publisher: Inter-American Development Bank
ISBN: 193100319X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 361

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Book Description
This book provides an overview and analysis of the increased presence of European investors in Latin America, in addition to presenting the results of a survey carried out in the major European investor countries whose aim was to analyze corporate investment strategies in Latin America.

Author: Martin Renze-Westendorf
Publisher: diplom.de
ISBN: 3832497420
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 106

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Book Description
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: Over the last decade product and factor markets have continued to become more integrated, new markets have emerged and the globalization has become an important strategic issue for companies. As a result, international investment opportunities have in-creased while regulatory restrictions on capital markets have been eased and the market for corporate control has become more integrated. Consequently, the international acquisition activity has increased in both absolute and relative terms over the last decades leading to a significant rise of the proportion of international to domestic merger activity, particularly at the end of the 1990s. As more and more companies consider international diversification as a strategic option for their further growth, the question arises which valuation consequences accompany cross-border acquisitions. Furthermore, it is to be analyzed whether these consequences differ systematically from domestic acquisitions and what could be possible value drivers in these cases. Although mergers and acquisitions in general have received wide attention in academic research, studies concerning the wealth effects of cross-border acquisitions are limited. Moreover, existing empirical evidence primarily stems from the US and UK capital markets neglecting generally the European perspective. Spain, Europe s fifth largest economy, has seen a series of considerable cross-border acquisitions in the last decade culminating in the merger of Santander with Abbey National in 2004 for over USD 15bn, making it the tenth largest transaction worldwide in 2004.3 The Spanish M&A market boom of the 1990s was initially driven by a consolidation process in the financial services, utilities and telecoms sectors which mostly were formerly state-owned. As a consequence of the increasing market concentration Spanish companies expanded internationally, creating some of the biggest corporations world-wide and becoming South America s largest foreign investor. These recent developments and the high acquisition activity from Spain into other countries make it worthwhile to shed light on the valuation consequences and their possible explanations by an empirical analysis. Considering the aforementioned, it is the aim of this thesis to answer the question as to whether the foreign acquisition wave of the last decade in Spain really created value and therewith supports the strategic decisions of the management. The analysis should [...]

Author: Emilio Lucio-Villegas
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9463000437
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 150

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Book Description
Participation can be a double-edged sword in that it can be used to bind people into agendas and policies they have little control over or it can help enable them to give voice to real and significant issues. Drawing on the work of Raymond Williams, genuine participation has to be an open and democratic process which enables all to contribute to the creation of meanings. Adult education in communities can then be involved in the process of creating ‘really useful knowledge’, that is, knowledge which enables people – individuals and collectivities who experience systematic forms of oppression, domination and exploitation – to think about, analyse and act on their situation individually and severally. By drawing on contemporary accounts of emancipatory action and participatory research the author elaborates on the role of adult educators in this context. (From the Preface) This book tries to reflect on adult education and its close relationships with communities. It is a modest attempt to maintain adult education in the scope of the community life against the growing schooling, the focus on employability, and on the labour market. In the last years it seems that adult education has become a kind of provider of diplomas, skills and competences and has forgotten its role to enlighten individuals and help them to share their community life with an abundance of richness, diversity, sadness and happiness. Adult Education is intrinsically connected to daily life, and the life that individuals constantly edify in their interactions. If adult education is connected to daily life, one of the major tasks is to recover this feeling and to link daily life and education. I think that at present time, in a moment of intense reductionism, reality is usually presented as very plain, losing its complexity and diversity that are related to the fact that life is being lived everyday by men and women as creators and relational beings.