Enhancing Crash Data Reporting to Highway Safety Partners in Wyoming by Utilizing Data Analysis and Survey Techniques PDF Download

Author: Sahima Nazneen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Highway engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Road crashes have been a substantial concern for public highway agencies and societies for several decades. Traffic safety analysis is required to raise awareness about the effects of road crashes and traffic injuries and recommend the best measures to counter the occurrence of traffic crashes. The Wyoming Department of Transportation (WYDOT) is the main transportation agency responsible for traffic safety in the state. Traffic safety stakeholders and partner agencies in Wyoming rely on WYDOT for reliable and accurate data to fulfill their strategic goals of improving road safety. This study assessed the safety data needs of partner agencies by identifying gaps in the type and quality of safety data provided by WYDOT through a survey questionnaire and provided recommendations for WYDOT regarding road safety data reporting. Various human aspects, including but not limited to, age, gender, seatbelt nonuse, impaired driving, and speeding, play crucial roles in crash frequency and severity. In this regard, the objective of this study is to analyze human factors influencing road safety in Wyoming. To this end, this study explored the factors related to the seatbelt nonuse rate and children injured in traffic crashes in Wyoming. The research also focused on identifying factors that contribute to pedestrian injury severity, bicycle, motorcycle, and Commercial Motor Vehicle (CMV) injury crashes. The findings of this study provide new insights into enhancing traffic safety for WYDOT and other partner agencies by identifying appropriate countermeasures to mitigate the impact of human factors on crash injury severity as well as reduce the number of severe and fatal crashes.

Author: Jennifer Harper Ogle
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
ISBN: 0309097851
Category : Automatic data collection systems
Languages : en
Pages : 111

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Book Description
"Technologies for Improving Safety Data explores new technologies for the acquisition, processing, and overall management of crash, roadway inventory, and traffic operations data. The report examines the current state-of-the-practice and state-of-the-art use of technologies for efficient and effective collection and maintenance of data for highway safety analysis." -- publisher's website.

Author: GeoDecisions
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geospatial data
Languages : en
Pages : 32

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Book Description
PennDOT engaged Gannett Fleming to conduct research into best practices in the use of geospatial analysis tools for highway safety analyses. The goals of the effort were to define a methodology for PennDOT to follow in identifying the best candidate locations for highway safety improvements, and to develop a Proof of Concept to test the proposed methodology. After conducting interviews and workshops involving more than 35 of PennDOT's stakeholders in highway safety processes, Gannett Fleming interviewed highway safety managers in five other state and federal highway agencies to determine what innovative tools and practices are currently being used. Gannett Fleming's research also included a review of literature related to the study from more than 80 sources. Based on Gannett Fleming's research and analysis, PennDOT selected the "Highway Safety Data Relationships Knowledge Base" for further research. The knowledge base is an information repository based on concepts in data mining and expert systems. It uses advanced statistical analysis methods and expert business knowledge rules to discover data patterns based on correlation and other forms of relationships in the data. The knowledge base can be applied to diagnosing specific combinations of data attributes and features that may indicate the causative factors among homogeneous populations of crashes. Most highway safety data analyses involve studying correlations among multiple data sets. The knowledge base is an innovative and compreh3nsive tool for such an application. It provides a framework for identifying and managing relationships among many combinations of data sets that are useful in highway safety analyses. Gannett Fleming proceeded to develop a prototype as a proof of concept. Gannett Fleming demonstrated the prototype using actual PennDOT crash data. Three analysis scenarios were demonstrated" evaluating safety programming alternatives for alcohol involved crashes, diagnosing data patterns of crashes at a selected highway location, identifying potential sites for system-wide deployment of a selected countermeasure

Author: David Alan Noyce
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Indian reservations
Languages : en
Pages : 84

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Book Description
Part 1. Overview and self assessment. chapter 1. Self-assessment for state agencies -- chapter 2. Self-assessment for tribes -- part 2. Guide for effective tribal crash reporting. chapter 1. Establishing and maintaining communication and relationship between tribes and states -- chapter 2. Tribal crash data collection system -- chapter 3. State-tribal crash data sharing -- chapter 4. Improving tribal traffic safety using crash data -- part 3. Reference and source materials. References -- Abbreviations, acronyms, initialisms, and symbols -- appendix A. memorandum of understanding example -- appendix B. Case study flyers -- appendix C. Promotional flyer -- appendix D. Useful references.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Traffic accidents
Languages : en
Pages : 16

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Book Description
The objectives of this project were to examine the costs and quality of safety data and to identify improvement strategies. The project's scope was narrowed to three key sources: the crash report, roadway inventories, and medical records. The primary focus was on crash reporting. Within the medical source, the focus was upon data regarding driver condition prior to crash, and injury severity, since these are of high interest to the highway community. Since the same piece of data will have a different quality for different users and uses, it was necessary to identify the variety of users and uses of highway safety data. This executive summary presents an overview of the research results. The complete results are available in the research report (FHWA-RD-96-191) and the final report (FHWA-RD-96-192).

Author: National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Traffic accidents
Languages : en
Pages : 148

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Book Description
Transportation Research Record contains the following papers: Method for identifying factors contributing to driver-injury severity in traffic crashes (Chen, WH and Jovanis, PP); Crash- and injury-outcome multipliers (Kim, K); Guidelines for identification of hazardous highway curves (Persaud, B, Retting, RA and Lyon, C); Tools to identify safety issues for a corridor safety-improvement program (Breyer, JP); Prediction of risk of wet-pavement accidents : fuzzy logic model (Xiao, J, Kulakowski, BT and El-Gindy, M); Analysis of accident-reduction factors on California state highways (Hanley, KE, Gibby, AR and Ferrara, T); Injury effects of rollovers and events sequence in single-vehicle crashes (Krull, KA, Khattack, AJ and Council, FM); Analytical modeling of driver-guidance schemes with flow variability considerations (Kaysi, I and Ail, NH); Evaluating the effectiveness of Norway's speak out! road safety campaign : The logic of causal inference in road safety evaluation studies (Elvik, R); Effect of speed, flow, and geometric characteristics on crash frequency for two-lane highways (Garber, NJ and Ehrhart, AA); Development of a relational accident database management system for Mexican federal roads (Mendoza, A, Uribe, A, Gil, GZ and Mayoral, E); Estimating traffic accident rates while accounting for traffic-volume estimation error : a Gibbs sampling approach (Davis, GA); Accident prediction models with and without trend : application of the generalized estimating equations procedure (Lord, D and Persaud, BN); Examination of methods that adjust observed traffic volumes on a network (Kikuchi, S, Miljkovic, D and van Zuylen, HJ); Day-to-day travel-time trends and travel-time prediction form loop-detector data (Kwon, JK, Coifman, B and Bickel, P); Heuristic vehicle classification using inductive signatures on freeways (Sun, C and Ritchie, SG).

Author: Arash Khoda Bakhshi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Interstate 80
Languages : en
Pages : 342

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Book Description
Traffic crashes impose a significant socio-economic cost on societies. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 1.2 million people die every year, and more than 50 million people are injured due to fatal and non-fatal crashes globally. Safety concerns are more serious on rural corridors that play crucial roles in freight movement, such as Interstate 80 (I-80) in the State of Wyoming. Being affected by Wyoming’s adverse weather conditions, high altitude, challenging geometric characteristics, and critical traffic composition, there has been a notable crash and critical crash rate on 402-miles of this major freight corridor in Wyoming. To alleviate these safety concerns, the United States Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration (USDOT FHWA) selected the Wyoming Department of Transportation (WYDOT) to deploy a Connected Vehicle (CV) Pilot Program along I-80 in Wyoming (WYDOT CV Pilot). The WYDOT CV Pilot focuses on the needs of the commercial vehicle operator and will develop CV applications to support a flexible range of services under Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET), including roadside alerts, parking notifications, and dynamic travel guidance. In this regard, evaluation of the safety impacts of the CV Pilot is central to the USDOT’s strategic goals. The literature pointed out that the Market Penetration Rate (MPR) of CVs should be large enough to ensure safety and operational benefits of CVs. However, at early stages of the WYDOT CV Pilot, CVs will be contributing to a small fraction of the entire traffic stream, challenging traditional safety performance evaluation methodologies to assess the effectiveness of the CV technology. With these concerns, a comprehensive Analysis, Modeling, and Simulation (AMS) framework in addition to reliable baseline Analyses are required to scrutinize the safety performance of CVs under various MPR. These requirements have been fulfilled in this research through the use of advanced statistical modeling, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, data mining techniques, data visualization, and taking practical advantages of simulation- and driving simulator-based analyses. In the developed baseline and under the concept of Real-Time Risk Assessment (RTRA), significant real-time traffic-related variables contributing to crash and critical crash occurrences on the 402-miles I-80 in Wyoming during CV pre-deployment were identified. Using advanced statistical modeling and data visualization tools provided by Machine Learning techniques, the causal effect of these significant factors on the crash/ critical crash probabilities were explored. These causations are expected to be affected due to CV technology under notable MPRs in the future. Accordingly, the conducted baseline will be used as a benchmark against explored crash causations during CV post-deployment to grasp how this technology alleviates or changes the causality patterns, revealing the WYDOT CV Pilot safety performance. Furthermore, based on the preprocessed real-time traffic observation from the RTRA, the research calibrated and validated a reliable AMS framework to assess the safety effectiveness of the WYDOT CV Pilot that mainly goes around level-0 and level-1 of automated driving systems. At these levels, drivers are in charge of the execution of steering, acceleration/deceleration, and monitoring of the driving environment; thus, the human factor contributing to more than 90% of traffic crashes is still in that safety loop. Having said that, the AMS framework primarily aims to show how various CV applications, designed under WYDOT CV Pilot, would alter CV drivers’ behavior under traffic critical safety events and measure the effect of this alteration on I-80 traffic safety performance. Accordingly, drivers' behavioral alterations due to CV notification were quantified under the concept of with/without analysis and in a series of comprehensive high-fidelity driving simulator experiments conducted at the University of Wyoming Driving Simulator Lab (WyoSafeSim). These quantifications were analyzed separately and were conflated with traffic microsimulation modeling to reveal the safety effects of CV technology on the I-80 traffic stream under varying CV MPRs. This dissertation's findings and insights would be of interest to the WYDOT, the USDOT FHWA, and practitioners in the safety domain. The provided crowd-sourced real-time traffic dataset in the conducted baseline would help the WYDOT in understanding the current safety performance of I-80, identifying black-spot points in high-risk I-80 segments, and developing proactive countermeasures and interventions for Active Traffic Management (ATM) to alleviate the risk of traffic crashes on this major freight corridor. The data-driven crowdsourcing procedure performed on the AMS framework would shed some light on realizing the impact of CV technology on enhancing drivers’ situational awareness and minimizing the rate of motor vehicle crashes, which is not limited to I-80 in Wyoming. The integration of a high-fidelity driving simulator with traffic microsimulation modeling, as a two-pronged approach applied in the AMS framework, would show a fruitful pathway for the safety performance assessment of other CV pilots deployed by the FHWA with small CV MPRs at early deployment stages. Besides, beyond the main scope of assessing CV applications designed for WYDOT CV Pilot, the developed AMS framework could be utilized to evaluate the safety effect of other CV applications, such as the application of CV Variable Speed Limit (VSL) on lengthy rural corridors for the sake of spatiotemporal speed harmonization. The developed Road Weather Connected Vehicle Applications AMS framework was further extended by incorporating driver behavior and performance in adverse weather conditions utilizing a comprehensive Naturalistic Driving Study (NDS) dataset from the second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP2). The developed AMS framework could be helpful for a wide array of safety and operations of the next generation active traffic management.

Author: National Cooperative Highway Research Program
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
ISBN: 0309097541
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 43

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Book Description
TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 350: Crash Records Systems examines crash records systems practices and programs as applied to highway and traffic safety. The report covers crash data collection, crash processing and management, and data linkages for reporting and analysis. While no single comprehensive system examples are identified in the report, many examples of one or more successful components were found to address the needs of three groups of stakeholders--data collectors, data managers, and data users. The report also contains information about lessons learned from examples of successful systems, addressing the needs and concerns of stakeholders.

Author: Bhagwant Naraine Persaud
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 88

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Book Description
TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 295: Statistical Methods in Highway Safety Analysis focus on the type of safety analysis required to support traditional engineering functions, such as the identification of hazardous locations and the development and evaluation of countermeasures. Analyses related specifically to driver and vehicle safety are not covered, but some statistical methods used in these areas are of relevance and are summarized where appropriate.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crash injuries
Languages : en
Pages : 87

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Book Description
"The goal of this project was to analyze the collection and management of highway safety data by identifying issues and costs, and proposing means of resolving those issues and reducing the costs. Initial emphasis addressed known elements of the highway safety system, with emphasis on collecting and storing relevant data. Sources included the literature and what the States, local agencies, and researchers throughout the Nation were doing to improve data handling for the three largest sources--traffic crash, roadway inventory, and crash injury (emergency medical services and trauma). Visits to various providers throughout the United States helped identify and classify issues along with exemplary practices. A total of 41 issues were listed that affected collecting, storing, and managing traffic crash, roadway inventory, and medical data. The most important issue is that of quality, with data accuracy being the most critical. Lack of coverage is becoming an increasing problem that affects information used to recommend countermeasures. A major thrust of the research was directed toward identifying the costs of collecting, reporting, and managing safety data. Lack of cost data or lack of applicability of most data collected for roadway inventory and crash injury preclude an extension of the cost model beyond that of crash reporting. The three processes--collecting, reporting, and managing crash data--are estimated to cost 19.20 dollars per crash report filed, based on personnel and equipment costs, but disregarding "sunk costs." Additionally, the report estimates a range of costs by severity of the crash, number of vehicles involved, and region of the country. These ranges were found to be significantly less than those estimated by others. · Finally, a set of strategies was identified along, with goals to be met. The research team identified 23 strategies that were capable of being introduced without requiring substantial additional effort. A number of strategies were taken from exemplary practices discovered at the State and local levels. Each of these strategies was evaluated as it related to meeting the goals and objectives, and to reducing costs of operation. The report concludes with a discussion of how strategies may be grouped and introduced as a package. All of the recommended strategies will provide both short- and long-term benefits"--Technical report documentation page. 17. Key Words Costs, safety data, strategies, crash data, roadway inventory, medical data 18. Distribution Statement No restrictions. This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161.