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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Translational and internal degrees of freedom of a scattered beam of NO molecules from a Pt(111) single crystal surface were measured as a function of scattering angle and crystal temperature in the range 450 to 1250K. None of the three degrees of freedom were found to fully accommodate to the crystal temperature, the translational degree being the most accommodated and the rotational degree of freedom the least. A precursor state model is suggested to account for the incomplete accommodation of translational and vibrational degrees of freedom as a function of crystal temperature and incident beam energy. The vibrational accommodation is further discussed in terms of a competition between desorption and vibrational excitation processes, thus providing valuable information on the interaction between vibrationally excited molecules and surfaces. Energy transfer into rotational degrees of freedom is qualitatively discussed.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Translational and internal degrees of freedom of a scattered beam of NO molecules from a Pt(111) single crystal surface were measured as a function of scattering angle and crystal temperature in the range 450 to 1250K. None of the three degrees of freedom were found to fully accommodate to the crystal temperature, the translational degree being the most accommodated and the rotational degree of freedom the least. A precursor state model is suggested to account for the incomplete accommodation of translational and vibrational degrees of freedom as a function of crystal temperature and incident beam energy. The vibrational accommodation is further discussed in terms of a competition between desorption and vibrational excitation processes, thus providing valuable information on the interaction between vibrationally excited molecules and surfaces. Energy transfer into rotational degrees of freedom is qualitatively discussed.
Author: Petr Carsky Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1439839115 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 311
Book Description
Since the turn of the 21st century, the field of electron molecule collisions has undergone a renaissance. The importance of such collisions in applications from radiation chemistry to astrochemistry has flowered, and their role in industrial processes such as plasma technology and lighting are vital to the advancement of next generation devices. F
Author: Theodore E. Madey Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1468487590 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 478
Book Description
The observation of the vibrational spectra of adsorbed species provides one of the most incisive methods for und erst an ding chemical and physical phenomena on surfaces. At the present time, many approaches may be applied to studies of molecular vibrations on surfaces. Some of these are used on high-area solids of technological importance (e.g., heterogeneous catalysts) while others are applied to single-crystal substrates to gain better understanding under conditions of controlled surface structure. This book has attempted to bring together in one place a discussion of the major methods used to measure vibrational spectra of surface species. The emphasis is on basic concepts and experimental methods rather than a current survey of the extensive literature in this field. Two introductory chapters describe the basic theoretical aspects of vibrational spectroscopy on surfaces, dealing with normal modes and excitation mechanisms in vibrational spectroscopy. The remaining seven chapters deal with various methods employed to observe surface vibra tions. These are arranged in an order that first treats the use of various methods on surfaces that are not of the single-crystal type. It is in this area that the field first got started in the late 1940s with pioneering work by Terenin and others in the Soviet Union, and by Eisehens and others in the United States in the 1950s. The last four chapters deal with relatively recent methods that permit vibrational studies to be made on single crystal substrates.
Author: David D. Dreyfuss Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 182
Book Description
An experimental study of homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation was conducted, using molecular beam techniques: mass spectrometry and time-of-flight velocity spectrometry, with and without mass filtering. Both the clustered beam itself and the scattering of the clusters from surfaces were studied. The beam was found to consist of a broad spectrum of clusters all having approximately the same velocity distribution. Small clusters were found to have a binding energy much less than that of bulk ice. Measurements of a beam scattered from a surface using a time-of-flight velocity spectrometer show four distinct patterns. These are: (1) a diffuse scattering channel (monomers, Maxwellian/cosine at the target temperature), (2) a direct inelastic channel for monomers characterized by a small loss of incident velocity with a broad spatial distribution peaked at the tangent for all incident angles, theta sub i, (3) a well-defined specular directed lobe (theta sub s = theta sub i greater than 50 deg) with particle velocity much slower than (1) or (2) and a velocity distribution narrower than a stationary Maxwellian, and (4) another slow peak with a slightly broader velocity distribution into a sharp intensity peak near the tangent for all theta sub i greater than 50 deg. The amplitude of the specularly directed slow peak (3) appears to give a sensitive indication of surface coverage. (Author).
Author: Keith A McLauchlan Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry ISBN: 1847551505 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 136
Book Description
Molecular Physical Chemistry: A Concise Introduction focuses on two main aspects of physical chemistry: thermodynamics and reaction dynamics. By looking at the properties of the atoms and molecules that constitute matter, it makes use of results from modern experiments conducted on small numbers of molecules. These molecular properties allow the behaviour of larger groups of molecules to be predicted. This is in contrast to conventional approaches which are based upon how the subjects have developed historically. It attempts to show how some basic concepts can be easily applied to give verifiable results in simple systems before extending them to more complicated scenarios. The text is intended as an aid to understanding these central topics of physical chemistry, rather than an introduction to them, and some familiarity with them is assumed throughout. Worked examples and problems are given at the end of each chapter. Molecular Physical Chemistry: A Concise Introduction will be welcomed by graduate and advanced undergraduate students, as well as lecturers. Upon completion of this book the reader will see its subject matter as an integral part of their whole approach to chemistry. "Professor McLauchlin is certainly owed a debt of gratitude by the chemical community for this effort to bring enjoyment and understanding to the future generation. It will be interesting to see if this experiment helps students replace the fear of physical chemistry by an appreciation of its power and beauty." Professor William Klemperer, University of Harvard
Author: Ricardo Diez Muino Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642329551 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 439
Book Description
This book gives a representative survey of the state of the art of research on gas-surface interactions. It provides an overview of the current understanding of gas surface dynamics and, in particular, of the reactive and non-reactive processes of atoms and small molecules at surfaces. Leading scientists in the field, both from the theoretical and the experimental sides, write in this book about their most recent advances. Surface science grew as an interdisciplinary research area over the last decades, mostly because of new experimental technologies (ultra-high vacuum, for instance), as well as because of a novel paradigm, the ‘surface science’ approach. The book describes the second transformation which is now taking place pushed by the availability of powerful quantum-mechanical theoretical methods implemented numerically. In the book, experiment and theory progress hand in hand with an unprecedented degree of accuracy and control. The book presents how modern surface science targets the atomic-level understanding of physical and chemical processes at surfaces, with particular emphasis on dynamical aspects. This book is a reference in the field.
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Author: A. Pullman
Author: Petr Carsky
Author: Howard Saltsburg
Author: Theodore E. Madey
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Author: David D. Dreyfuss
Author: Keith A McLauchlan
Author: Antonio Laganà
Author: Ricardo Diez Muino