Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 167
Book Description
Emission of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds in the Arctic
Author: Arctic Emissions of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds
Author: Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds in a Changing Climate
Author: Biogeochemistry of Forested Catchments in a Changing Environment
Author: Egbert MatznerPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540209737
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 532
Book Description
The stability of forest ecosystems is affected by changes of environment conditions, like by increasing temperatures, increasing atmospheric CO2 and decreasing deposition rates of nutrients and acidity. This volume integrates the results of long term interdisciplinary ecosystem research at two forested watersheds in Germany with special emphasis on the biogeochemistry of carbon, dissolved organic matter and mineral elements in response to changing environmental conditions and management. Despite the reduction in acidic deposition, forest ecosystems are still threatened by soil acidification, nutrient depletion and eutrophication and criteria of sustainability are not yet achieved. The results highlight the complex interactions between vegetation, animals and soils in terrestrial ecosystems that are triggered by changes in environmental conditions.
Climate Change, Air Pollution and Global Challenges
Author: Francesco LoretoPublisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128055561
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 28
Book Description
Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) play a critical role in biosphere–atmosphere interactions and are key constraints of the physical and chemical properties of the atmosphere, potentially influencing the climate and the quality of air, especially in the areas exposed to in situ release or long-range transport of anthropogenically polluted air masses. Under these conditions, reactive BVOC may contribute to ozone and particle production. The very large amount of BVOC emitted by vegetation, estimated today to more than 1000Tg C annually, is dominated by methanol and isoprenoids, released predominantly by forest species. Such a high rate of emission implies a large metabolic cost and hence likely indicates very important plant functional roles for these compounds. BVOC can be emitted by plants constitutively, or the emission may be induced in response to biotic and abiotic factors. Both constitutive and induced isoprenoids often act as defensive compounds and are crucial for plant protection in stressful environments. The importance of volatile isoprenoids as protecting molecules has been widely discussed. However, based on the use of genetically modified plants and novel technologies that allow detection of BVOC oxidation products, the idea is emerging that especially volatile isoprenoids act as antioxidants in planta, whereas they contribute to the oxidation potential of the atmosphere.
Biology, Controls and Models of Tree Volatile Organic Compound Emissions
Author: Ülo NiinemetsPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400766068
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 556
Book Description
Plant-driven volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions play a major role in atmospheric chemistry, including ozone and photochemical smog formation in the troposphere, and they extend the atmospheric lifetime of the key greenhouse gas, methane. Furthermore, condensation of photo-oxidation products of BVOCs leads to formation of secondary organic aerosols with profound implications for the earth's solar radiation budget and climate. Trees represent the plant life form that most contributes to BVOC emissions, which gives global forests a unique role in regulating atmospheric chemistry. Written by leading experts in the field, the focus is on recent advancements in understanding the controls on plant-driven BVOC emissions, including efforts to quantitatively predict emissions using computer models, particularly on elicitation of emissions under biotic and abiotic stresses, molecular mechanisms of volatile synthesis and emission and the role of emissions in plant stress tolerance.
Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere
Author: Günter HelasPublisher: Balogh Scientific Books
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 196
Book Description
Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds and Climate Change
Author: Federico BrilliPublisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 012821077X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 245
Book Description
Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds and Climate Change highlights the relationship between climate change and biogenic VOC and the impact they have on each other. Topics include the synthesis and emission of VOC in plants, how they respond to environmental stresses, how sustainable agricultural practices plants can be used to directly impact climate change beyond carbon sequestration, a review of biogenic VOCs as air pollutants, and the impact of biogenic VOC on clouds. This groundbreaking work is essential for anyone in climate change, global warming and cooling, atmospheric chemistry, clouds, fate and transport of chemicals in the atmosphere, air pollution, sustainability or agriculture. Explains how volatile organic compound (VOC) production and emission in plants can ameliorate the consequences of climate change induced abiotic and biotic stresses Comprehensively addresses the complex interactions between global warming, atmospheric composition and plant ecology beyond carbon sequestration Reviews the use of biogenic VOC in sustainability
Water-Carbon Dynamics in Eastern Siberia
Author: Takeshi OhtaPublisher: Springer
ISBN: 981136317X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 309
Book Description
This book discusses the water and carbon cycle system in the permafrost region of eastern Siberia, Providing vitalin sights into how climate change has affected the permafrost environment in recent decades. It analyzes the relationships between precipitation and evapotranspiration, gross primary production and runoff in the permafrost regions, which differ from those intropical and temperate forests. Eastern Siberia is located in the easternmost part of the Eurasian continent, and the land surface with underlying permafrost has developed over a period of seventy thousand years. The permafrost ecosystem has specific hydrological and meteorological characteristics in terms of the water and carbon dynamics, and the current global warming and resulting changes in the permafrost environment are serious issues in the high-latitude regions. The book is a valuable resource for students, researchers and professionals interested in forest meteorology and hydrology, forest ecology, and boreal vegetation, as well as the impact of climate change and water-carbon cycles in permafrost and non-permafrost regions.
Physiological Ecology of North American Plant Communities
Author: Brain F. ChabotPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400948301
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 704
Book Description
Although, as W.D. Billings notes in his chapter in this book. the development of physiological ecology can be traced back to the very beginnings of the study of ecology it is clear that the modern development of this field in North America is due in the large part to the efforts of Billings alone. The foundation that Billings laid in the late 1950s came from his own studies on deserts and subsequently arctic and alpine plants, and also from his enormous success in instilling enthusiasm for the field in the numerous students attracted to the plant ecology program at Duke University. Billings' own studies provided the model for subsequent work in this field. Physiological techniques. normally confined to the laboratory. were brought into the field to examine processes under natural environmental conditions. These field studies were accompanied by experiments under controlled conditions where the relative impact of various factors could be assessed and further where genetic as opposed to environmental influences could be separated. This blending of field and laboratory approaches promoted the design of experiments which were of direct relevance to understanding the distribution and abundance of plants in nature. Physiological mechanisms were studied and assessed in the context of the functioning of plants under natural conditions rather than as an end in itself.