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Book Description
La recherche dans le domaine du photovoltaïque connait une évolution importante grâce au développement de nouveau matériaux/concepts. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous avons proposé de réaliser des cellules solaires à architecture proche la structure interpénétrée idéale combinant un réseau de nanofils de ZnO synthétisés « sur mesure » et une couche active organique à base d'une hétérojonction D/A en volume. La compréhension des mécanismes de croissance des nanofils de ZnO et la maitrise de la synthèse ont abouti à un protocole expérimentale optimal permettant une fabrication reproductible de substrats ITO/nano-fils de ZnO avec des morphologies maitrisées (L ≈ 200 nm et D ≈ 30 nm) proches des distances et tailes critiques nécessaires pour l'élaboration des cellules solaires. Après la phase d'optimisation de l'assemblage des cellules solaire et leurs caractérisations, une densité de courant 22 mA/cm2 (2 fois meilleure que la cellule 2D) a été obtenue a été obtenu avec une architecture à base de nanofils de ZnO conduisant un rendement photovoltaïque de 7.7 % (1.4 fois meilleur que la cellule 2D) validant ainsi l'efficacité du concept de la nano-texturation des substrats, les caractéristiques morphologiques choisies de la nano-texture, la méthode d'assemblage des cellules et l'ensemble des matériaux utilisés.
Book Description
La recherche dans le domaine du photovoltaïque connait une évolution importante grâce au développement de nouveau matériaux/concepts. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous avons proposé de réaliser des cellules solaires à architecture proche la structure interpénétrée idéale combinant un réseau de nanofils de ZnO synthétisés « sur mesure » et une couche active organique à base d'une hétérojonction D/A en volume. La compréhension des mécanismes de croissance des nanofils de ZnO et la maitrise de la synthèse ont abouti à un protocole expérimentale optimal permettant une fabrication reproductible de substrats ITO/nano-fils de ZnO avec des morphologies maitrisées (L ≈ 200 nm et D ≈ 30 nm) proches des distances et tailes critiques nécessaires pour l'élaboration des cellules solaires. Après la phase d'optimisation de l'assemblage des cellules solaire et leurs caractérisations, une densité de courant 22 mA/cm2 (2 fois meilleure que la cellule 2D) a été obtenue a été obtenu avec une architecture à base de nanofils de ZnO conduisant un rendement photovoltaïque de 7.7 % (1.4 fois meilleur que la cellule 2D) validant ainsi l'efficacité du concept de la nano-texturation des substrats, les caractéristiques morphologiques choisies de la nano-texture, la méthode d'assemblage des cellules et l'ensemble des matériaux utilisés.
Author: Ahmed Belasri Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811554447 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 659
Book Description
This book highlights peer reviewed articles from the 1st International Conference on Renewable Energy and Energy Conversion, ICREEC 2019, held at Oran in Algeria. It presents recent advances, brings together researchers and professionals in the area and presents a platform to exchange ideas and establish opportunities for a sustainable future. Topics covered in this proceedings, but not limited to, are photovoltaic systems, bioenergy, laser and plasma technology, fluid and flow for energy, software for energy and impact of energy on the environment.
Book Description
Earthen architecture constitutes one of the most diverse forms of cultural heritage and one of the most challenging to preserve. It dates from all periods and is found on all continents but is particularly prevalent in Africa, where it has been a building tradition for centuries. Sites range from ancestral cities in Mali to the palaces of Abomey in Benin, from monuments and mosques in Iran and Buddhist temples on the Silk Road to Spanish missions in California. This volume's sixty-four papers address such themes as earthen architecture in Mali, the conservation of living sites, local knowledge systems and intangible aspects, seismic and other natural forces, the conservation and management of archaeological sites, research advances, and training.
Author: Simon M. Sze Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119429110 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 944
Book Description
The new edition of the most detailed and comprehensive single-volume reference on major semiconductor devices The Fourth Edition of Physics of Semiconductor Devices remains the standard reference work on the fundamental physics and operational characteristics of all major bipolar, unipolar, special microwave, and optoelectronic devices. This fully updated and expanded edition includes approximately 1,000 references to original research papers and review articles, more than 650 high-quality technical illustrations, and over two dozen tables of material parameters. Divided into five parts, the text first provides a summary of semiconductor properties, covering energy band, carrier concentration, and transport properties. The second part surveys the basic building blocks of semiconductor devices, including p-n junctions, metal-semiconductor contacts, and metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) capacitors. Part III examines bipolar transistors, MOSFETs (MOS field-effect transistors), and other field-effect transistors such as JFETs (junction field-effect-transistors) and MESFETs (metal-semiconductor field-effect transistors). Part IV focuses on negative-resistance and power devices. The book concludes with coverage of photonic devices and sensors, including light-emitting diodes (LEDs), solar cells, and various photodetectors and semiconductor sensors. This classic volume, the standard textbook and reference in the field of semiconductor devices: Provides the practical foundation necessary for understanding the devices currently in use and evaluating the performance and limitations of future devices Offers completely updated and revised information that reflects advances in device concepts, performance, and application Features discussions of topics of contemporary interest, such as applications of photonic devices that convert optical energy to electric energy Includes numerous problem sets, real-world examples, tables, figures, and illustrations; several useful appendices; and a detailed solutions manual for Instructor's only Explores new work on leading-edge technologies such as MODFETs, resonant-tunneling diodes, quantum-cascade lasers, single-electron transistors, real-space-transfer devices, and MOS-controlled thyristors Physics of Semiconductor Devices, Fourth Edition is an indispensable resource for design engineers, research scientists, industrial and electronics engineering managers, and graduate students in the field.
Author: Rauch, Tobias Publisher: KIT Scientific Publishing ISBN: 3731501546 Category : Conjugated polymers Languages : en Pages : 242
Book Description
Solution-processed photodiodes with infrared sensitivities at wavelengths beyond the bandgap of silicon would be a significant advance towards cost-effective imaging. Colloidal quantum dots are highly suitable as infrared absorbers for photodetection. The concept of organic bulk heterojunctions sensitized with PbS nanocrystalline was proved with efficient near-infrared detection up to 1.8 mm for NIR imaging on active matrix TFT backplanes and demonstrated x-ray sensitivity.
Author: Agnes Buka Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 1848167997 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 299
Book Description
The book intends to give a state-of-the-art overview of flexoelectricity, a linear physical coupling between mechanical (orientational) deformations and electric polarization, which is specific to systems with orientational order, such as liquid crystals. Chapters written by experts in the field shed light on theoretical as well as experimental aspects of research carried out since the discovery of flexoelectricity. Besides a common macroscopic (continuum) description the microscopic theory of flexoelectricity is also addressed. Electro-optic effects due to or modified by flexoelectricity as well as various (direct and indirect) measurement methods are discussed. Special emphasis is given to the role of flexoelectricity in pattern-forming instabilities. While the main focus of the book lies in flexoelectricity in nematic liquid crystals, peculiarities of other mesophases (bent-core systems, cholesterics, and smectics) are also reviewed. Flexoelectricity has relevance to biological (living) systems and can also offer possibilities for technical applications. The basics of these two interdisciplinary fields are also summarized.
Author: Jean-Marie Basset Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527627103 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 725
Book Description
Covering everything from the basics to recent applications, this monograph represents an advanced overview of the field. Edited by internationally acclaimed experts respected throughout the community, the book is clearly divided into sections on fundamental and applied surface organometallic chemistry. Backed by numerous examples from the recent literature, this is a key reference for all chemists.
Author: Sébastien Forget Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3642367054 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 179
Book Description
Organic lasers are broadly tunable coherent sources, potentially compact, convenient and manufactured at low-costs. Appeared in the mid 60’s as solid-state alternatives for liquid dye lasers, they recently gained a new dimension after the demonstration of organic semiconductor lasers in the 90's. More recently, new perspectives appeared at the nanoscale, with organic polariton and surface plasmon lasers. After a brief reminder to laser physics, a first chapter exposes what makes organic solid-state organic lasers specific. The laser architectures used in organic lasers are then reviewed, with a state-of-the-art review of the performances of devices with regard to output power, threshold, lifetime, beam quality etc. A survey of the recent trends in the field is given, highlighting the latest developments with a special focus on the challenges remaining for achieving direct electrical pumping of organic semiconductor lasers. A last chapter covers the applications of organic solid-state lasers.
Author: Herwig J. Hilderson Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9781461357575 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
In mammalian cells many physiological processes rely on the dynamics of the organization of lipids and proteins in biological membranes. The topics in this volume deal with physicochemical methods in the study of biomembranes. Some of them have a long and respectable history in the study of soluble proteins and have only recently been applied to the study of membranes. Some have tradi tionally been applied to studies of model systems of lipids of well-defined com position, as well as to intact membranes. Other methods, by their very nature, apply to organized bilayers comprised of both protein and lipid. Van Meer and van Genderen provide us with an introduction to the field (Chapter I). From their personal perspective regarding the distribution, trans port, and sorting of membrane lipids, they formulate a number of biologically relevant questions and show that the physicochemical methods described in this book may contribute in great measure to solving these issues. The methods of analytical ultracentrifugation have served faithfully for 60 years in the study of water-soluble proteins. The use of detergent extraction of membrane proteins, and the manipulation of density with H20/D20 mixtures, has extended this technique to the study of proteins, and in particular their interactions, from biological membranes. As described by Morris and Ralston in Chapter 2, this technique can be used to determine a number of important properties of proteins.
Author: Marwen Abdelli
Author: Marwen Abdelli
Author: Ahmed Belasri
Author: Leslie Rainer
Author: Simon M. Sze
Author: Rauch, Tobias
Author: Agnes Buka
Author: Jean-Marie Basset
Author: Sébastien Forget
Author: Zay Jeffries
Author: Herwig J. Hilderson