Effects of Physical Activity Versus Cognitive Based Interventions on Attitudes Towards Individuals with Disabilities PDF Download

Author: Ali J. Jaafar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : People with disabilities
Languages : en
Pages : 56

View

Book Description
Various intervention techniques have been used to enhance attitidues of individuals without disabilities towards individuals with disabilities (IWD). The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a physical activity-based intervention compared to cognitive-based interventions between genders. Resluts indicated that all interventions positively improved different dimenions of attitude.

Author: Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309283140
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 503

View

Book Description
Physical inactivity is a key determinant of health across the lifespan. A lack of activity increases the risk of heart disease, colon and breast cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression and others diseases. Emerging literature has suggested that in terms of mortality, the global population health burden of physical inactivity approaches that of cigarette smoking. The prevalence and substantial disease risk associated with physical inactivity has been described as a pandemic. The prevalence, health impact, and evidence of changeability all have resulted in calls for action to increase physical activity across the lifespan. In response to the need to find ways to make physical activity a health priority for youth, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment was formed. Its purpose was to review the current status of physical activity and physical education in the school environment, including before, during, and after school, and examine the influences of physical activity and physical education on the short and long term physical, cognitive and brain, and psychosocial health and development of children and adolescents. Educating the Student Body makes recommendations about approaches for strengthening and improving programs and policies for physical activity and physical education in the school environment. This report lays out a set of guiding principles to guide its work on these tasks. These included: recognizing the benefits of instilling life-long physical activity habits in children; the value of using systems thinking in improving physical activity and physical education in the school environment; the recognition of current disparities in opportunities and the need to achieve equity in physical activity and physical education; the importance of considering all types of school environments; the need to take into consideration the diversity of students as recommendations are developed. This report will be of interest to local and national policymakers, school officials, teachers, and the education community, researchers, professional organizations, and parents interested in physical activity, physical education, and health for school-aged children and adolescents.

Author: Lori Gene Borrud
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 26

View

Book Description

Author: Carlie Marie Simms
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

View

Book Description
The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of physical activity on cognition in youth with disabilities. This study is in collaboration with the TRiPS (Therapeutic Recreation in Public Schools) program at the University of Tennessee. Project TRiPS is a service-learning course where, paired with in-class instruction, students implement therapeutic recreation services in special education classrooms with the intention of deriving specific outcomes. More specifically, 30-minute physical activity interventions were implemented during each TRiPS session using an intervention protocol called FunDoRoo. A pretest posttest quasi-experimental design was used to explore the impact of the physical activity on students' cognition. Data related to the impact of acute and chronic physical activity on cognitive functioning in youth with disabilities was collected via the modified Corsi Block Test (PathSpan).

Author: Chong Chen
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832546633
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 218

View

Book Description
An increasing body of research suggests that physical activity, exercise, and sports enhance a wide range of cognitive and affective wellbeing, including attention, executive functions, memory and learning, creativity, stress resilience, and mental health. Engaging in regular physical activity has also been associated with a reduced risk of many neurological and psychiatric disorders, notably dementia, major depressive disorders, and anxiety disorders. However, firstly, it is still unclear what kind of physical activity, exercise, and sports conducted on how long a timescale brings maximal benefits to a specific outcome for a specific population. Secondly, how findings reported so far can be incorporated into daily practice by the general public and in educational, neurological, and psychiatric contexts remain unaddressed. Thirdly, the underlying psychological, physiological, and neurobiological mechanisms through which physical activity, exercise, and sports promote cognitive and affective wellbeing remain to be clarified. Several potential mechanisms have been proposed, including the activation of the prefrontal cortices and the dopamine and serotonin neurotransmission, the release of neurotrophins, the enhancement of neural plasticity and neurogenesis, and the decrease of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309459591
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 181

View

Book Description
Societies around the world are concerned about dementia and the other forms of cognitive impairment that affect many older adults. We now know that brain changes typically begin years before people show symptoms, which suggests a window of opportunity to prevent or delay the onset of these conditions. Emerging evidence that the prevalence of dementia is declining in high-income countries offers hope that public health interventions will be effective in preventing or delaying cognitive impairments. Until recently, the research and clinical communities have focused primarily on understanding and treating these conditions after they have developed. Thus, the evidence base on how to prevent or delay these conditions has been limited at best, despite the many claims of success made in popular media and advertising. Today, however, a growing body of prevention research is emerging. Preventing Cognitive Decline and Dementia: A Way Forward assesses the current state of knowledge on interventions to prevent cognitive decline and dementia, and informs future research in this area. This report provides recommendations of appropriate content for inclusion in public health messages from the National Institute on Aging.

Author: Ada Chan
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659787706
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 196

View

Book Description
Many evidence suggested that physical activity provides benefits to people with intellectual disabilities (ID), yet adults with ID did not reach the recommended guideline for physical activity and further research of PA programme that adaptable to the need of ID was important for this special population. There was no SCT-based PA intervention programmes to promote healthy behaviour among adults with ID in Hong Kong worksite, and findings from the reviews showed that Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) is the most widely used theoretic foundation. This study was to evaluate the effects of a Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) based physical activity intervention designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the twelve-week intervention with regard to psychosocial behaviour using SCT and physical activity behaviour among adults with intellectual disability in non-working time.

Author: Bunlong Hong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mood (Psychology)
Languages : en
Pages : 23

View

Book Description
This case study examines the effect of group-based and individual-based physical activity participation on mood in individuals with disabilities. The participant was age 14 during the study and diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The participant engaged in individual and group based physical activities as part of a one week adapted physical activity program. Mood states were reported using the Intellectual Disability Mood Scale [IDMS] (Argus, Terry, Bramston, & Dinsdale, 2004), which is adapted from the Profile of Mood States [POMS] (Droppleman, Lorr, & McNair, 1992). The participant exhibited the iceberg profile - characterized by above average mood scores in Vigor and below average mood scores in Tension, Depression, Confusion, Angery, and Fatigue. A participant exhibiting the iceberg profile is indicative of positive mental health (Rowley, Landers, Kyllo, & Etnier, 1995). Results from pre- and post- intervention data was compared and showed no significant changes in mood scores following intervention. There were also no significant differences in mood scores between individual and group activity interventions. No significant evidence was found that supports individual-based or group-based interventions at improving mood states in the participant with ASD.

Author: Dolores Albarracin
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351712349
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 610

View

Book Description
Attitudes are evaluations of people, places, things, and ideas. They help us to navigate through a complex world. They provide guidance for decisions about which products to buy, how to travel to work, or where to go on vacation. They color our perceptions of others. Carefully crafted interventions can change attitudes and behavior. Yet attitudes, beliefs, and behavior are often formed and changed in casual social exchanges. The mere perception that other people—say, rich people— favor something may be sufficient to make another person favor it. People’s own actions also influence their attitudes, such that they adjust to be more supportive of the actions. People’s belief systems even change to align with and support their preferences, which at its extreme is a form of denial for which people lack awareness. These two volumes of The Handbook of Attitudes provide authoritative, critical surveys of theory and research about attitudes, beliefs, persuasion, and behavior from key authors in these areas. This second volume covers applications to measurement, behavior prediction, and interventions in the areas of cancer, HIV, substance use, diet, and exercise, as well as in politics, intergroup relations, aggression, migrations, advertising, accounting, education, and the environment.

Author: Janet Buckworth
Publisher: Human Kinetics
ISBN: 1450407099
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 546

View

Book Description
Features three new chapters on exercise and cognitive function, energy and fatigue, and pain; thoroughly revised chapters on the correlates of exercise, neuroscience, stress, depression, and sleep. Includes a glossary.