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Author: Richard Francis Stevens (Jr) Publisher: ISBN: Category : Metals Languages : en Pages : 36
Book Description
Because of the potential elevated-temperature applications of high-purity vanadium in nuclear reactors an investigation was conducted to determine the effects of nuclear irradiation upon the properties of the pure metal. The results of this investigation indicated that the effects caused by irradiation, increased strength and hardness and decreased ductility, could be removed by annealing at 650°C. Thus, when suitable protected, high-purity vanadium metal could be used in the portions of nuclear reactors subjected to temperatures of 600°C and to neutron bombardment levels as high as 1.8x1020 neutrons/cm2/sec. (NVT).
Author: Richard Francis Stevens (Jr) Publisher: ISBN: Category : Metals Languages : en Pages : 36
Book Description
Because of the potential elevated-temperature applications of high-purity vanadium in nuclear reactors an investigation was conducted to determine the effects of nuclear irradiation upon the properties of the pure metal. The results of this investigation indicated that the effects caused by irradiation, increased strength and hardness and decreased ductility, could be removed by annealing at 650°C. Thus, when suitable protected, high-purity vanadium metal could be used in the portions of nuclear reactors subjected to temperatures of 600°C and to neutron bombardment levels as high as 1.8x1020 neutrons/cm2/sec. (NVT).
Author: R. Carlander Publisher: ISBN: Category : Elevated temperature Languages : en Pages : 16
Book Description
Fast-neutron-induced void formation in commercial pure vanadium is dramatically reduced by additions of titanium and/or chromium. As little as 1 percent by weight titanium decreases the void number density and void volume fraction by factors of 30 and 100, respectively, compared with pure vanadium after exposure at 525 C (977 F) to a fluence of 1.1 x 1022 n/cm2, En > 0.1 MeV. Additions of 3 percent by weight titanium or greater suppress void formation entirely under the same exposure conditions. Alloys of 10 and 15 percent by weight chromium have also been found beneficial in limiting swelling. Internal-friction measurements show that the reduction in void formation in the vanadium-titanium alloys may be partly related to the removal of interstitial impurities, oxygen, and nitrogen by the titanium to form a coherent precipitate of Ti3O2 or a complex oxynitride. Excess oxygen in the alloy after consumption of the available titanium as a precipitate results in increased void formation and also loss of precipitate coherency.
Author: R. Bajaj Publisher: ISBN: Category : Annealing Languages : en Pages : 12
Book Description
The effect of neutron irradiation on vanadium containing 50 to 800 weight ppm oxygen was studied using electrical resistivity, internal friction, and mechanical property measurements. The resistivity and internal friction specimens were irradiated to 3 x 1018 neutrons/cm2 (E > 1 MeV) at -190 C(-310 F) and the tension test specimens were irradiated to 1.2 x 1019 neutrons/cm2 (E > 1 MeV) at 106 C (223 F). Postirradiation annealing treatments were performed up to 220 C (428 F) for the resistivity and internal friction specimens and up to 520 C (968 F) for the tension test specimens.
Author: DN. Braski Publisher: ISBN: Category : Helium embrittlement Languages : en Pages : 20
Book Description
Specimens of V-15Cr-5Ti, VANSTAR-7, and V-3Ti-1Si were encapsulated in molybdenum alloy tubes containing 7Li to prevent interstitial pickup and irradiated in the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF), using Materials Open Test Assembly (MOTA) experiments, to a damage level of 40 displacements per atom (dpa). The irradiation temperatures were 420, 520, and 600°C. For a better simulation of fusion reactor conditions, helium was preimplanted in some specimens using a modified version of the "tritium trick." The V-15Cr-5Ti alloy was most susceptible to irradiation hardening and helium embrittlement, followed by VANSTAR-7, and V-3Ti-1Si. VANSTAR-7 exhibited a relatively high maximum void swelling of ~6% at 520°C while V-15Cr-5Ti and V-3Ti-1Si had values of
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This paper contains viewgraphs describing the effects of neutron irradiation on the tensile properties and microstructure of vanadium alloys in first wall fusion reactors. A tritium trick experiment was used to study the helium embrittlement and the stresses and strains on these materials in a controlled environment. (LSP).
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Neutron-irradiated vanadium alloys were evaluated for their susceptibility to irradiation hardening, helium embrittlement, swelling, and residual radioactivity, and the results were compared with those for the austenitic and ferritic stainless steels. The VANSTAR-7 and V-15Cr-5Ti alloys showed the greatest hardening between 400 and 600°C while V-3Ti-1Si and V-20Ti had lower values that were comparable to those of ferritic steels. The V-15Cr-5Ti and VANSTAR-7 alloys were susceptible to helium embrittlement caused by the combination of weakened grain boundaries and irradiation-hardened grain matrices. Specimen fractures were entirely intergranular in the most severe instances of embrittlement. The V-3Ti-1Si and V-20Ti alloys were more resistant to helium embrittlement. Except for VANSTAR-7 irradiated to 40 dpa at 520°C, all of the vanadium alloys exhibited low swelling that was similar to the ferritic steels. Swelling was greater in specimens that were preimplanted with helium using the tritium trick. The vanadium alloys clearly exhibit lower residual radioactivity after irradiation than the ferrous alloys.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Specimens of V-15Cr-5Ti, VANSTAR-7, and V-3Ti-1Si were encapsulated in TZM tubes containing 7Li to prevent interstitial pickup and irradiated in FFTF (MOTA experiment) to a damage level of 40 dpa. The irradiation temperatures were 420, 520, and 600°C. For a better simulation of fusion reactor conditions, helium was preimplanted in some specimens using a modified version of the ''tritium trick.'' The V-15Cr-5Ti alloy was most susceptible to irradiation hardening and helium embrittlement, followed by VANSTAR-7 and V-3Ti-1Si. VANSTAR-7 exhibited a relatively high maximum void swelling of approx. 6% at 520°C while V-15Cr-5Ti and V-3Ti-1Si had values of less than 0.3% at all three temperatures. The V-3Ti-1Si clearly outperformed the other two vanadium alloys in resisting the effects of neutron irradiation.
Author: Richard Francis Stevens (Jr)
Author: Richard Francis Stevens (Jr)
Author: G. R. Smolik
Author: R. Carlander
Author: John Francis McIlwain
Author: R. Bajaj
Author: DN. Braski![The Effect of Neutron Irradiation on the Tensile Properties and Microstructure of Several Vanadium Alloys. [Viewgraphs]. PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/5axEAQAACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
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Author: William John Weber