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Author: Hua Wang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aluminum alloys Languages : en Pages : 160
Book Description
This dissertation describes the effects of microbial attachment and biofilm formation on microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). The participation of microbes in the corrosion process includes initial attachment, biofilm formation, localized environment changing, and eventually, corrosion. Initial microbial attachment is considered as the first step of MIC. In the first part of this study, the initial attachment of three bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas putida, on two substrates, glass and octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) modified glass, was examined in flow chambers. The attachment trend on glass could be explained by the secondary minima and energy barriers as predicted by the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory. This part of study generated some insights into the effects of cell and substrate surface properties on initial bacterial attachment. In addition to the surface and medium properties, other factors such as the shear associated flow conditions could be one of the most important factors affecting initial bacterial attachment as well. In the second part of this study, four bacteria, Staphylococcus epidermidis, P. aeruginosa, P. putida, and E. coli, were examined for their attachment to glass and OTS modified glass under different shears. The results from this part of the study suggested that, without complications from surface features/extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), the analysis based on the XDLVO theory could provide a basis for understanding shear effect on initial bacterial attachment. The critical shear stress, a measure of bacterial attachment strength, was found to be correlated with the maximum attractive force towards the secondary energy minimum. As microbes attach and develop into biofilm on metal surfaces, the localized environment of metal surfaces could be changed by the influence of microbial metabolism. The third part of this study is intended to evaluate how early stage of biofilm formation affects carbon steel and aluminum alloy corrosion. In this part, aluminum alloy (Al 3003 H14) coupons and carbon steel (CS C1010) coupons were used, along with two common bacterial strains, P. aeruginosa and E. coli. Results showed that bacterial attachment strength and subsequent biofilm development could strongly influence metal corrosion behaviors. In the fourth part of this study, corrosion behaviors of carbon steel (CS C1010) and stainless steel (SS 304) in the presence of iron-oxidizing bacteria: Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was examined. Results showed that, due to the extremely high oxidizing rate of Fe(II) to Fe(III), A. ferrooxidans cells can accelerate CS corrosion, while SS 304 showed a good resistance to corrosion. The accelerated CS corrosion was likely related to the metabolism of A. ferroxidans, but not to the attachment strength and biofilm development of A. ferroxidans. In the last part, corrosion behaviors of aluminum alloy (Al 2024) in the presence of Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger were evaluated. Results showed that T. reesei or A. niger could not firmly attach to Al coupon surfaces in an aqueous environment, and they could not corrode Al 2024 under our experimental conditions.
Author: Hua Wang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aluminum alloys Languages : en Pages : 160
Book Description
This dissertation describes the effects of microbial attachment and biofilm formation on microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). The participation of microbes in the corrosion process includes initial attachment, biofilm formation, localized environment changing, and eventually, corrosion. Initial microbial attachment is considered as the first step of MIC. In the first part of this study, the initial attachment of three bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas putida, on two substrates, glass and octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) modified glass, was examined in flow chambers. The attachment trend on glass could be explained by the secondary minima and energy barriers as predicted by the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory. This part of study generated some insights into the effects of cell and substrate surface properties on initial bacterial attachment. In addition to the surface and medium properties, other factors such as the shear associated flow conditions could be one of the most important factors affecting initial bacterial attachment as well. In the second part of this study, four bacteria, Staphylococcus epidermidis, P. aeruginosa, P. putida, and E. coli, were examined for their attachment to glass and OTS modified glass under different shears. The results from this part of the study suggested that, without complications from surface features/extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), the analysis based on the XDLVO theory could provide a basis for understanding shear effect on initial bacterial attachment. The critical shear stress, a measure of bacterial attachment strength, was found to be correlated with the maximum attractive force towards the secondary energy minimum. As microbes attach and develop into biofilm on metal surfaces, the localized environment of metal surfaces could be changed by the influence of microbial metabolism. The third part of this study is intended to evaluate how early stage of biofilm formation affects carbon steel and aluminum alloy corrosion. In this part, aluminum alloy (Al 3003 H14) coupons and carbon steel (CS C1010) coupons were used, along with two common bacterial strains, P. aeruginosa and E. coli. Results showed that bacterial attachment strength and subsequent biofilm development could strongly influence metal corrosion behaviors. In the fourth part of this study, corrosion behaviors of carbon steel (CS C1010) and stainless steel (SS 304) in the presence of iron-oxidizing bacteria: Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was examined. Results showed that, due to the extremely high oxidizing rate of Fe(II) to Fe(III), A. ferrooxidans cells can accelerate CS corrosion, while SS 304 showed a good resistance to corrosion. The accelerated CS corrosion was likely related to the metabolism of A. ferroxidans, but not to the attachment strength and biofilm development of A. ferroxidans. In the last part, corrosion behaviors of aluminum alloy (Al 2024) in the presence of Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger were evaluated. Results showed that T. reesei or A. niger could not firmly attach to Al coupon surfaces in an aqueous environment, and they could not corrode Al 2024 under our experimental conditions.
Author: Brenda J. Little Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470112441 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 295
Book Description
A multi-disciplinary, multi-industry overview of microbiologically influenced corrosion, with strategies for diagnosis and control or prevention Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion helps engineers and scientists understand and combat the costly failures that occur due to microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). This book combines recent findings from diverse disciplines into one comprehensive reference. Complete with case histories from a variety of environments, it covers: Biofilm formation Causative organisms, relating bacteria and fungi to corrosion mechanisms for groups of metals Diagnosing and monitoring MIC Electrochemical techniques, with an overview of methods for detection of MIC The impact of alloying elements, including antimicrobial metals, and design features on MIC MIC of non-metallics Strategies for control or prevention of MIC, including engineering, chemical, and biological approaches This is a valuable, all-inclusive reference for corrosion scientists, engineers, and researchers, as well as designers, managers, and operators.
Author: Reza Javaherdashti Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319443062 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 230
Book Description
Significantly extended from the first edition, this book presents the basics of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) in an accessible and concise manner. It explores strategies for recognizing, understanding, mitigating and preventing this type of corrosion, and investigates this topic from the point of view of an engineer. Chapters cover issues including stress corrosion cracking and microbial corrosion, the pros and cons of biocides, the involvement of magnetic bacteria in microbial corrosion, and cathodic protection based on recent research in microbial environments. The 2nd Edition provides new material examining the following topics: *The corrosion-related bacteria clostridia *Mathematical modelling of MIC, in particular fuzzy logic *A comparison of culture-independent methods with culture-dependent methods *Further practical strategies for dealing with MIC *Natural biocidesThis book has provided course material for the author’s microbial corrosion workshops around the world, and it presents an invaluable resource to corrosion and integrity professionals working in a wide range of industries including power generation, oil and gas, marine, and mining. It is also intended for students and academics of corrosion engineering, materials science, microbiology, chemical engineering and welding.
Author: Hideyuki Kanematsu Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319145657 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 191
Book Description
This book explains the formation of biofilm on materials surfaces in an industrial setting. The authors describe new developments in understanding of biofilm formation, detection, and control from the viewpoint of materials science and engineering. The book details the range of issues caused by biofilm formation and the variety of affected industries.
Author: Christian Vargel Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080472362 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 659
Book Description
Corrosion of Aluminium highlights the practical and general aspects of the corrosion of aluminium alloys with many illustrations and references. In addition to that, the first chapter allows the reader who is not very familiar with aluminium to understand the metallurgical, chemical and physical features of the aluminium alloys. The author Christian Vargel, has adopted a practitioner approach, based on the expertise and experience gained from a 40 year career in aluminium corrosion This approach is most suitable for assessing the corrosion resistance of aluminium- an assessment which is one of the main conditions for the development of many uses of aluminium in transport, construction, power transmission etc. 600 bibliographic references provide a comprehensive guide to over 100 years of related study Providing practical applications to the reader across many industries Accessible to both the beginner and the expert
Author: Torben Lund Skovhus Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1498726607 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 532
Book Description
Microorganisms are ubiquitously present in petroleum reservoirs and the facilities that produce them. Pipelines, vessels, and other equipment used in upstream oil and gas operations provide a vast and predominantly anoxic environment for microorganisms to thrive. The biggest technical challenge resulting from microbial activity in these engineered environments is the impact on materials integrity. Oilfield microorganisms can affect materials integrity profoundly through a multitude of elusive (bio)chemical mechanisms, collectively referred to as microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). MIC is estimated to account for 20 to 30% of all corrosion-related costs in the oil and gas industry. This book is intended as a comprehensive reference for integrity engineers, production chemists, oilfield microbiologists, and scientists working in the field of petroleum microbiology or corrosion. Exhaustively researched by leaders from both industry and academia, this book discusses the latest technological and scientific advances as well as relevant case studies to convey to readers an understanding of MIC and its effective management.
Author: Ajay K. Singh Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811580197 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 136
Book Description
This brief covers case studies on Microbial Induced Corrosion (MIC) and its mitigation. After reviewing the basics of corrosion, it focuses on MIC. MIC is a special type of electrochemical corrosion in which the presence of microbes and bacteria alters the chemistry of liquid media so as to make them more corrosive. These changes are harmful to metallic equipment, processing machinery, marine vessels, etc. in an environment that is host to a wealth of microorganisms. A 2007 US survey estimated corrosion-related damages to cost $276 billion a year, roughly 50% of which are due to MIC. The industries most affected by MIC are power production, oil exploration, transportation and storage, water distribution and more generally all industries involving marine environments. However, means for effectively preventing and controlling MIC are poorly understood. As such, the book’s later chapters address various mechanisms/processes that show promise with regard to MIC mitigation. Lastly, the book discusses the strategies currently being explored to mitigate MIC using green technologies.
Author: Hans-Curt Flemming Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642765432 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 194
Book Description
Microbial growth and contamination ("Biofouling") in water systems represents a significant threat to the quality of waters produced for the microelectronic, pharmaceutical, petroleum, paper, food and other manufacturing industries. Biofouling can lead to biologically induced corrosion ("Biocorrosion"), which can cause severe damage to the equipment. Both biofouling and biocorrosion are frequently not recognized in time, underestimated, or linked with the wrong causes. The book represents a new approach by introducing biofilm properties and dynamics as basic principles of biofouling and biocorrosion, thus providing a better understanding and the means of fighting the undesired effects of biofilms. The most important features are: Case histories of biofouling in water treatment.- Detection and monitoring of biofouling.- Reverse osmosis membrane biofouling.- Biocide efficacy and biofouling control.- Plant design considerations for preventing biofouling.- Case histories of biocorrosion.- Detection, monitoring, control and prevention of biocorrosion.- Fundamentals of biofouling and biocorrosion mechanisms.
Author: L V Evans Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 0203304721 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 507
Book Description
Biofilms affect the lives of all of us, growing as they do for example on our teeth (as plaque), on catheters and medical implants in our bodies, on our boats and ships, in food processing environments, and in drinking and industrial water treatment systems. They are highly complex biological communities whose detailed structure and functioning is only gradually being unravelled, with the development of increasingly sophisticated technology for their study. Biofilms almost always have a negative impact on human affairs (flocs in sewage treatment plants are a major exception) and a lot of research is being carried out to gain a better understanding of them, so that we will be in a better position to control them. This volume, with contributions by international experts from widely diverse areas of this field, presents a state-of-the-art picture of where we are at present in terms of our knowledge of biofilms, the techniques being used to study them, and possible strategies for controlling their growth more successfully. It should provide a valuable reference source for information on biofilms and their control for many years to come.
Author: Hua Wang
Author: Hua Wang
Author: Brenda J. Little
Author: Reza Javaherdashti
Author: Hideyuki Kanematsu
Author: Christian Vargel
Author: Torben Lund Skovhus
Author: Ajay K. Singh
Author: Gregory Kobrin
Author: Hans-Curt Flemming
Author: L V Evans