Tax Policy and the Economy PDF Download

Author: Congressional Budget Office
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781500633073
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 40

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Book Description
The federal government has adopted several policies to encourage the production and purchase of electric vehicles, which run partly or entirely on electric power stored in a battery that can be recharged from a standard home outlet. Such vehicles are fairly new, having been reintroduced commercially in the United States late in 2010. Federal policies to promote their manufacture and purchase include tax credits for buyers of new electric vehicles, financial support for the industry that produces them, and programs that promote efforts to educate consumers about electric vehicles and improve the infrastructure for recharging them. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that such policies, some of which also support other types of fuel-efficient vehicles, will have a total budgetary cost of about $7.5 billion through 2019. Of those federal incentives, the tax credits for buying electric vehicles—which account for about one fourth of that budgetary cost—are likely to have the greatest impact on vehicle sales. The tax credits apply to the first 200,000 electric vehicles sold by each manufacturer for use in the United States, after which the credits gradually phase out.

Author: Ronald William Gecan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electric vehicles
Languages : en
Pages : 33

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Author: Adam P. Reyes
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
ISBN: 9781624172984
Category : Electric vehicles
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
This book explores the effects of federal tax credits on the electric vehicle and wind industries. The federal government has adopted several policies to encourage the production and purchase of electric vehicles, which run partly or entirely on electric power stored in a battery that can be recharged from a standard home outlet. Federal policies to promote their manufacture and purchase include tax credits for buyers of new electric vehicles, financial support for the industry that produces them, and programs that promote efforts to educate consumers about electric vehicles and improve the infrastructure for charging them. Additionally, U.S. wind projects that use large turbines, greater than 100 kilowatts, are eligible to receive federal tax incentives in the form of production tax credits (PTC) and accelerated depreciation. Originally established in 1992, the PTC has played a role in the evolution and growth of the U.S. wind industry.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Taxation
Languages : en
Pages : 200

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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309268524
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 395

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Book Description
For a century, almost all light-duty vehicles (LDVs) have been powered by internal combustion engines operating on petroleum fuels. Energy security concerns about petroleum imports and the effect of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on global climate are driving interest in alternatives. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels assesses the potential for reducing petroleum consumption and GHG emissions by 80 percent across the U.S. LDV fleet by 2050, relative to 2005. This report examines the current capability and estimated future performance and costs for each vehicle type and non-petroleum-based fuel technology as options that could significantly contribute to these goals. By analyzing scenarios that combine various fuel and vehicle pathways, the report also identifies barriers to implementation of these technologies and suggests policies to achieve the desired reductions. Several scenarios are promising, but strong, and effective policies such as research and development, subsidies, energy taxes, or regulations will be necessary to overcome barriers, such as cost and consumer choice.

Author: United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electric vehicle industry
Languages : en
Pages : 298

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Author: William R. Fuqua
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electric vehicles
Languages : en
Pages : 150

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"This paper will present the results of a cost-benefit analysis performed to determine the public benefits of the $7500 federal tax credit for purchasing an electric vehicle. A cost benefit ratio including air pollution, carbon dioxide emissions, and oil dependence as components was created and applied to every county in the continental United States. The results suggest that the current tax credit is too high since it does not create $7500 worth of public benefits using the benefits included in the analysis. Benefits vary regionally due to sources of electricity generation and existing air pollution levels with counties in the northeast and on the west coast generally seeing higher benefits from EV use. The largest component of the benefits is from reducing oil dependence while it was also found that EV use in some areas could actually increase air pollution and CO2 emissions. The cost-benefit analysis indicates that the government should consider lowering the tax credit and that air pollution and CO2 emissions from the electric power industry need to be addressed before widespread EV use occurs in much of the United States."--Abstract.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309373913
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 812

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Book Description
The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards.

Author: Manfred M. Fischer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642036473
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 801

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Book Description
The Handbook is written for academics, researchers, practitioners and advanced graduate students. It has been designed to be read by those new or starting out in the field of spatial analysis as well as by those who are already familiar with the field. The chapters have been written in such a way that readers who are new to the field will gain important overview and insight. At the same time, those readers who are already practitioners in the field will gain through the advanced and/or updated tools and new materials and state-of-the-art developments included. This volume provides an accounting of the diversity of current and emergent approaches, not available elsewhere despite the many excellent journals and te- books that exist. Most of the chapters are original, some few are reprints from the Journal of Geographical Systems, Geographical Analysis, The Review of Regional Studies and Letters of Spatial and Resource Sciences. We let our contributors - velop, from their particular perspective and insights, their own strategies for m- ping the part of terrain for which they were responsible. As the chapters were submitted, we became the first consumers of the project we had initiated. We gained from depth, breadth and distinctiveness of our contributors’ insights and, in particular, the presence of links between them.

Author: Tae Joong Park
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Road transportation is the largest contributor to CO2 and second largest contributor to early deaths from air pollution in the U.S. To decarbonize and meet its contribution to the Paris Agreement goal of global average temperature rise