Effects of Breast Cancer Risk, Psychological Distress, and Dispositional Optimism on Immune Responses in Healthy Women PDF Download

Author: Na-Jin Park
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 400

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 16

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Based on Selye's framework of Physiological Response to Stress and Lazarus and Folkmans' Transactional Model of Stress (1984), the specific aims of this study are to: (1) examine the association of objective and subjective breast cancer risk with immune responses; (2) examine the mediating role of psychological distress on the relationship between subjective breast cancer risk and immune responses; (3) determine the moderating role of dispositional optimism on the relationship between subjective breast cancer risk and psychological distress; and (4) assess the association between objective and subjective breast cancer risk in 126 healthy women with (FH+) or without (FH- ) family history of breast cancer in first-degree relatives (FDRs).

Author: Julienne Elizabeth Bower
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 378

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 142

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Breast cancer screening is currently the most reasonable strategy for reducing the impact of breast cancer on women. However, increased perceived risk and psychological distress have been associated with lower screening rates. The specific aims for this study were to: (1) assess the psychological distress of women ages 50 to 85 who receive breast cancer risk appraisal and randomization to immediate or delayed group psychosocial counseling; (2) assess their breast cancer screening behaviors over 2 years from the time of enrollment; (3) evaluate the degree of association between perceived and estimated risk of breast cancer; (4) describe short-term psychological reactions to breast cancer risk appraisal; and (5) describe their sense of coherence, coping style, other health-related behaviors, social support, and perceived quality of life. This study was conducted to provide important information about women's reactions to breast cancer risk appraisal and ways to enhance positive health behaviors. A total of 343 women participated in the study (mean age, 62 years). Each participant completed a breast cancer risk assessment form and received an estimate of their risk. Participants were randomized to either an immediate or delayed psychosocial counseling intervention on breast health. Results of the intervention showed largely non-significant changes in psychological distress and breast cancer screening behaviors (p>O.05). Further analyses will be conducted to provide more detail about these unexpected findings.

Author: Cary L. Cooper
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 238

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In recent years interest has increased in the links between stress and breast cancer, reflecting the growing concern at the continuing increase in the disease. This book brings together leading researchers in the field to review the evidence available.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309091292
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 289

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In Meeting Psychosocial Needs of Women with Breast Cancer, the National Cancer Policy Board of the Institute of Medicine examines the psychosocial consequences of the cancer experience. The book focuses specifically on breast cancer in women because this group has the largest survivor population (over 2 million) and this disease is the most extensively studied cancer from the standpoint of psychosocial effects. The book characterizes the psychosocial consequences of a diagnosis of breast cancer, describes psychosocial services and how they are delivered, and evaluates their effectiveness. It assesses the status of professional education and training and applied clinical and health services research and proposes policies to improve the quality of care and quality of life for women with breast cancer and their families. Because cancer of the breast is likely a good model for cancer at other sites, recommendations for this cancer should be applicable to the psychosocial care provided generally to individuals with cancer. For breast cancer, and indeed probably for any cancer, the report finds that psychosocial services can provide significant benefits in quality of life and success in coping with serious and life-threatening disease for patients and their families.

Author: Sandra Haber
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 168

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As the incidence of breast cancer among women has risen there has been a growing need among mental health professionals to understand both the medical and psychological effects of this devastating illness. This volume, originally published by the Division of Independent Practice of the American Psychological Association, is designed to educate as well as involve therapists and counselors in the psychological treatment of patients and their families. This collaborative venture of 10 women psychologists addresses the emotional responses of patients, families, and caretakers. The contributors also examine the psychological, social, and behavioral factors that may influence cancer morbidity and mortality. This volume is intended for psychologists, psychiatrists, nurse therapists, and other mental health professionals.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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A biobehavioral model of cancer stress and disease course was proposed (see Andersen, Kiecolt- Glaser, & Glaser, 1994). We are testing the model with a clinical trial: 231 women with stage II or III breast cancer are randomized between assessment and intervention or assessment only (control) study arms. In addition to documenting the quality of life benefits of a psychological intervention, this study provides an experimental test of the psychological and behavioral variables which may influence health outcomes directly. Further, we test specific mechanisms--alteration in immune and endocrine functions--to achieve beneficial health effects for women with breast cancer. Our data indicates that psychological stress is instrumental in increasing a woman's risk for lower quality of life and depressive symptoms following definitive surgery (Golden-Kreutz et al., under review), and stress due to breast cancer surgery produces sexual and body image difficulties (Yurek et al, 2000). Further, psychological stress has a down regulating effect on immunity (Andersen et al., 1998). Preliminary data suggest that the psychological intervention results in lower stress, improved quality of life, reductions in negative health behaviors, improved cancer treatment compliance, lower stress hormone (cortisol) responses, and higher immune (t cell blastogenesis) responses.

Author: Colette Ray
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 152

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Physical illness cannot be effectively treated other than in the context of the psychological factors with which it is associated. The body may have the disease, but it is the patient who is ill. Research psychologists from a number of different backgrounds have, in the past few decades, turned increasingly to the study of physical illness, and there is now an extensive literature on preventive behaviors, the role of stress in the etiology of illness, the patient's reactions to illness and its treatment, and the physician-patient relationship. At the same time practicing clinical psychologists have extended their concern beyond the treatment of speci fically psychiatric disorders, to include also the psychological care of people experiencing distress through illness or injury. Traditionally, these patients have tended to fall through the net, unless their distress is so great that it assumes the proportion of a psychiatric disorder that can then be treated in its own right. Because the physical disorder is the primary one, its existence has detracted from the salience of the very real emotional disturbance to which it can give rise. Moreover, emotional reactions in this setting, being the norm, seems to have been regarded as not meriting special attention and care. This situation is chang ing, and it is not just psychologists or psychiatrists who are responsible for the shift in attitudes. Within general medicine itself, there is now a renewed empha sis on the care of the whole patient and not just the disease.

Author: Gérard Mick
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3319043226
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 175

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Primum non nocere... The fact that a surgical procedure can leave any kind of pain casts a shadow over this tenet, which is seen as the basis of medical practice and anchor of its principle ethic... It is all the more surprising in that medicine has only paid attention to this paradoxical chronic pain situation for the past few years. Clarifying the knowledge acquired in this field has become all the more urgent for any care-giver today confronted by a legitimate request from patients: Why and how can a surgical procedure, which is supposed to bring relief, leave behind an unacceptable sequela? This is the approach which the contributors to this new subject of major clinical interest invite you to follow as you work your way through this book.