Author: José Antonio Brito da Silva GirãoPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Consumers
Languages : en
Pages : 460
Book Description
The Impact of Income Instability on Farmers' Consumption and Investment Behavior
Author: José Antonio Brito da Silva GirãoPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Consumers
Languages : en
Pages : 460
Book Description
Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality
Author: Ms.Era Dabla-NorrisPublisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513547437
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 39
Book Description
This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.
Economic Analysis of Agricultural Projects
Author: James Price GittingerPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 240
Book Description
Projects: the "cutting edge" of development; Identifying costs and benefits of agricultural projects; Selecting proper values; Comparing costs and benetits; Applying discounted measures of project worth; Financial analysis cosiderations for agricultural projects; Source of assistance for project preparation.
A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System
Author: National Research CouncilPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030930783X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 340
Book Description
How we produce and consume food has a bigger impact on Americans' well-being than any other human activity. The food industry is the largest sector of our economy; food touches everything from our health to the environment, climate change, economic inequality, and the federal budget. From the earliest developments of agriculture, a major goal has been to attain sufficient foods that provide the energy and the nutrients needed for a healthy, active life. Over time, food production, processing, marketing, and consumption have evolved and become highly complex. The challenges of improving the food system in the 21st century will require systemic approaches that take full account of social, economic, ecological, and evolutionary factors. Policy or business interventions involving a segment of the food system often have consequences beyond the original issue the intervention was meant to address. A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System develops an analytical framework for assessing effects associated with the ways in which food is grown, processed, distributed, marketed, retailed, and consumed in the United States. The framework will allow users to recognize effects across the full food system, consider all domains and dimensions of effects, account for systems dynamics and complexities, and choose appropriate methods for analysis. This report provides example applications of the framework based on complex questions that are currently under debate: consumption of a healthy and safe diet, food security, animal welfare, and preserving the environment and its resources. A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System describes the U.S. food system and provides a brief history of its evolution into the current system. This report identifies some of the real and potential implications of the current system in terms of its health, environmental, and socioeconomic effects along with a sense for the complexities of the system, potential metrics, and some of the data needs that are required to assess the effects. The overview of the food system and the framework described in this report will be an essential resource for decision makers, researchers, and others to examine the possible impacts of alternative policies or agricultural or food processing practices.
Farming Systems and Poverty
Author: John A. DixonPublisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9789251046272
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 424
Book Description
A joint FAO and World Bank study which shows how the farming systems approach can be used to identify priorities for the reduction of hunger and poverty in the main farming systems of the six major developing regions of the world.
Inequality and Growth
Author: Theo S. EicherPublisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262050692
Category : Economic development
Languages : en
Pages : 343
Book Description
Essays exploring the relationship between economic growth and inequality and the implications for policy makers.
Farmer Investment Behavior
Author: Brian T. BrasePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 86
Book Description
Agricultural Input Subsidies
Author: Ephraim ChirwaPublisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0199683522
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 315
Book Description
This book takes forward our understanding of agricultural input subsidies in low income countries.
Investment in the Processing of Agricultural Products and Food in Greece
Author: Nik. K. BaltasPublisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781590336113
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 126
Book Description
The food and drinks sectors occupy the first place in Greek manufacturing industry. The share of food and drinks in total manufacturing industry value added reached 24.7 per cent in 1998. The average size of employment in food and drinks establishments is 5.2 persons per unit and is similar to that for manufacturing industry in general (4.9). Exports and imports of food and drinks increased during the 1980-95 period. However, imports increased faster than exports. As a result, the positive balance of trade turned negative. Although demand for food increased between 1980 and 1998, the share of private expenditure for food in total private expenditure decreased by 8.5 percentage points (thanks to correspondingly low elasticities). The corresponding share for drinks increased by one percentage point during the 1980-90 period and has remained constant since then. The aim of this book is to quantify Greek investors' behaviour at aggregate level for all sectors and all regions over the period 1981-1999, as well as at individual sector level. Investors' behaviour is examined by employing a synthesised traditional model. The traditional model is estimated using alternative panel data methods. First, the dynamic panel data model is estimated with a common intercept by employing the Generalised Method of Moments (GMM). The dynamic panel data formulation is also estimated using the Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimation technique.
Author: