Author: Rafael Posada Torres Publisher: ISBN: Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 94
Book Description
This report begins with a review of the principal macroeconomic features affecting Ecuador's agricultural sector and of the institutional system for the generation and dissemination of agricultural technology. It presents an historical summary of the development of Ecuador's national agricultural research system, the Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP), which was created in 1959 and carried out more than 14,000 trials and delivered 98 varieties of various crops to farmers. The core of this report begins with a description of the existing constraints on better interaction between the national research system and the international centers. The report goes on to describe the major types of interactions that have taken place in Ecuador, which include the exchange of genetic material; the exchange of information; personnel training; advisory assistance by scientific personnel; and equipment and financing. A product-by-product analysis of the relationships between the national program and the corresponding international centers focuses on potatoes, wheat, rice, maize, beans and other legumes, pastures and livestock, sorghum and other oil crops and cassava.
Author: Robert Eugene Evenson Publisher: ISBN: Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 90
Book Description
Since CGIAR centers have been in existence for a number of years, this paper addresses the impact of these centers on national research and extension programs and crop productivity. The study estimates that the CGIAR Centers have had a positive impact on investment in national research programs in each of the crops for which CGIAR crop programs exist except cassava. Estimates for livestock and horticultural crop research programs show a significant positive CGIAR impact as well. National extension spending is also stimulated by CGIAR programs. These estimates are based on an econometric specification that takes into account the impact of several economic development aid initiatives in addition to the activities of the CGIAR impacts. The study estimates that CGIAR Center programs have had significant impacts on crop productivity for maize, millets, sorghum, rice, wheat, beans, cassava and potatoes in all the regions studied. National research programs have had a positive impact on crop productivity in most of these crops as well. In addition, national extension programs have been productive in some crops. These estimates are based on crop production data in 25 countries.
Author: Sven Wunder Publisher: Springer ISBN: 023059669X Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 272
Book Description
Tropical forests are disappearing at an unaltered pace, giving way to alternative land uses. This book gives an economic perspective on deforestation. Following a survey of different deforestation definitions, theories and empirical evidence, a case-study of Ecuador provides a versatile historical picture of factors affecting forest loss throughout different periods, regions and ecosystems. It is shown that policy and market failures alone cannot explain rapid deforestation; decision-makers follow a composite economic rationale in their continuous clearing of forests which can only be counteracted by concerted action.
Author: Grant McDonald Scobie Publisher: ISBN: Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 72
Book Description
After decades of neglect, the agricultural sector in many countries of Latin America is receiving renewed attention. As part of this, the establishment and consolidation in Latin America of three international centers funded through the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) account for a small but significant part of the growth in agricultural research. The importance of the centers lies not in the additional funding they bring, but rather in their collaboration with national research programs. There is increasing evidence that these centers have helped to expand the capacity of many national programs, especially in the numerous smaller countries. Their sustained funding, apolitical nature and international scientific linkages have added an important dimension to the region's own enhanced capacity for agricultural research. The accelerated growth in the yields and output of staple foods in Latin America achieved over the past decade is striking testimony to the strengthened national research programs which are receiving, testing, adapting and releasing technologies developed through their collaboration with international centers.
Author: Philip G. Pardey Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9780521543330 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 564
Book Description
Fully-sourced country-specific files on the basic resources committed to national agricultural research systems for 154 developing and developed countries.
Author: Rafael Posada Torres
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Author: Robert Eugene Evenson
Author: Sven Wunder
Author: Grant McDonald Scobie
Author: David Harry Timothy
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Author: Philip G. Pardey
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Author: Cora Burnett