Ecology, Cognition, Metacognition, and Mind PDF Download

Author: Gian Chand Gupta
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 160

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Author: Sara J. Shettleworth
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199717818
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 715

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How do animals perceive the world, learn, remember, search for food or mates, communicate, and find their way around? Do any nonhuman animals count, imitate one another, use a language, or have a culture? What are the uses of cognition in nature and how might it have evolved? What is the current status of Darwin's claim that other species share the same "mental powers" as humans, but to different degrees? In this completely revised second edition of Cognition, Evolution, and Behavior, Sara Shettleworth addresses these questions, among others, by integrating findings from psychology, behavioral ecology, and ethology in a unique and wide-ranging synthesis of theory and research on animal cognition, in the broadest sense--from species-specific adaptations of vision in fish and associative learning in rats to discussions of theory of mind in chimpanzees, dogs, and ravens. She reviews the latest research on topics such as episodic memory, metacognition, and cooperation and other-regarding behavior in animals, as well as recent theories about what makes human cognition unique. In every part of this new edition, Shettleworth incorporates findings and theoretical approaches that have emerged since the first edition was published in 1998. The chapters are now organized into three sections: Fundamental Mechanisms (perception, learning, categorization, memory), Physical Cognition (space, time, number, physical causation), and Social Cognition (social knowledge, social learning, communication). Shettleworth has also added new chapters on evolution and the brain and on numerical cognition, and a new chapter on physical causation that integrates theories of instrumental behavior with discussions of foraging, planning, and tool using.

Author: Michael J. Beran
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191634549
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 364

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Book Description
Metacognition refers to the awareness an individual has of their own mental processes (also referred to as ' thinking about thinking'). In the past thirty years metacognition research has become a rapidly growing field of interdisciplinary research within the cognitive sciences. Just recently, there have been major changes in this field, stimulated by the controversial issues of metacognition in nonhuman animals and in early infancy. Consequently the question what defines a metacognitive process has become a matter of debate: how should one distinguish between simple minds that are not yet capable of any metacognitive processing, and minds with a more advanced architecture that exhibit such a capacity? Do nonhuman animals process the ability to monitor their own mental actions? If metacognition is unique to humans, then at what stage in development does it occur, and how can we distinguish between cognitive and metacognitive processes? The Foundations of Metacognition brings together leading cognitive scientists to consider these questions. It explores them from three different perspectives: from an evolutionary point of view the authors ask whether there is sufficient evidence that some non-human primates or other animals monitor their mental states and thereby exhibit a form of metacognition. From a developmental perspective the authors ask when children start to monitor, evaluate und control their own minds. And from a philosophical point of view the main issue is how to draw the line between cognitive and metacognitive processes, and how to integrate the different functions in which metacognition is involved into a single coherent picture of the mind. The foundations of metacognition - whatever they will turn out to be - have to be as complex as this pattern of connections we discover in its effects. Bringing together researchers from across the cognitive sciences, the book is valuable for philosophers of mind, developmental and comparative psychologists, and neuroscientists.

Author: E. Prinsloo
Publisher: Pearson South Africa
ISBN: 9780798635561
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 356

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Author: Alan Bleakley
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 104014733X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 235

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This persuasive volume develops a novel approach to medical education and the medical humanities, making a case for the integration of the two to explore the ways in which ‘warm’ humanism and ‘cold’ technologies can come together to design humane posthumanist futures in medicine. There are many problems with conventional medical education. It can be overly technocratic, dehumanizing, and empathy-eroding, introducing artefacts that lead to harm and reproduce inequality and injustice. Use of the arts, humanities, and qualitative social sciences have been pursued as an antidote or balance to these problems. Arguing against the purely instrumentalist use of medical humanities in this way, this book addresses the importance of a genuine and open-ended engagement with humanities approaches in medicine. It discusses the impact of artificial intelligence and emerging theoretical frameworks and posthumanist perspectives, such as object-oriented ontology, on meaning making in medicine. It demonstrates how the key to such a transition is the recovery of the intrinsic art and humanity of metaphor-heavy biomedical science, in turn framed by models of dynamic complexity rather than static linearity. This book is an important contribution to debates around the medical humanities and its role in medical education. It is an essential read for scholars with an interest in these areas, as well as those working in science and technology studies and the sociology of health and illness.

Author: Girishwar Misra
Publisher: Concept Publishing Company
ISBN: 9788170227854
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 364

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Author: Anne-Sophie Darmaillacq
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107015561
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 267

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Book Description
Focusing on comparative cognition in cephalopods, this book illuminates the wide range of mental function in this often overlooked group.

Author: Yehudit Judy Dori
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319666592
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 380

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Book Description
This book addresses the point of intersection between cognition, metacognition, and culture in learning and teaching Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). We explore theoretical background and cutting-edge research about how various forms of cognitive and metacognitive instruction may enhance learning and thinking in STEM classrooms from K-12 to university and in different cultures and countries. Over the past several years, STEM education research has witnessed rapid growth, attracting considerable interest among scholars and educators. The book provides an updated collection of studies about cognition, metacognition and culture in the four STEM domains. The field of research, cognition and metacognition in STEM education still suffers from ambiguity in meanings of key concepts that various researchers use. This book is organized according to a unique manner: Each chapter features one of the four STEM domains and one of the three themes—cognition, metacognition, and culture—and defines key concepts. This matrix-type organization opens a new path to knowledge in STEM education and facilitates its understanding. The discussion at the end of the book integrates these definitions for analyzing and mapping the STEM education research. Chapter 4 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com

Author: Timothy Morton
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674064224
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 179

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Book Description
In this passionate, lucid, and surprising book, Timothy Morton argues that all forms of life are connected in a vast, entangling mesh. This interconnectedness penetrates all dimensions of life. No being, construct, or object can exist independently from the ecological entanglement, Morton contends, nor does ÒNatureÓ exist as an entity separate from the uglier or more synthetic elements of life.

Author: Cigdem Kagitibasi
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317779207
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 258

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Book Description
The culmination of 15 years of research by a Turkish psychologist who was educated in the West, this volume examines both the theoretical and practical aspects of cross-cultural psychology. It takes a contextual-developmental-functional approach linking the child, family, and society as they are embedded in culture. A refreshingly different view, the author presents a portrait of human development from "the other side"--from the perspective of the "majority world." In a world seemingly dominated by American psychology, she proposes the cross-cultural orientation as a corrective to the culture-boundedness of much of Euro-American psychology. Analyzing human development in context while avoiding the pitfalls of extreme relativism, this work studies development with an inclusive, holistic, and ecological perspective, focusing on the development of the self and of competence. In so doing, it also attempts to combine cultural contextualism with universalistic standards and psychological processes. It proposes a theory of family change which challenges some commonly held modernization assumptions, and links theory and application while examining the role of psychology in inducing social change.