Dynamics of Labor Market Earnings and Sector of Employment in Urban Mexico, 1987-2002 PDF Download

Author: Robert Duval Hernández
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 376

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Author: Robert Duval-Hernández
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 62

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Author: Mariano Bosch
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Informal sector (Economics)
Languages : en
Pages : 53

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This paper applies recent advances in the study of labor market dynamics to a representative developing country with a large informal or unregulated sector, Mexico. It studies quarterly gross flows of workers over a 15-year period that includes two recoveries and recessions, including the celebrated 1995 Tequila crisis. It finds, first, that the formal or modern salaried sector shows the same procyclical job finding rate and mildly countercyclical separation behavior identified in the recent U.S. literature, and relative wage rigidity, both consistent with Shimer (2005a) and Hall (2005). The unregulated informal sector, however, shows reasonable acyclicality in the job finding rate coupled with sharp countercyclical movements in the job separation rate, consistent with standard small firm dynamics and Davis and Haltiwanger (1992 and 1999). This interaction of regulatory coverage and firm sizes, and patterns of gross worker flows thus sheds suggestive light on the roots of countercyclical job finding behavior in the U.S. literature. Second, the patterns of worker transitions between formality and informality correspond to the job-to-job dynamics observed in the United States and not to the traditional idea of informality constituting the inferior sector of a segmented market. That said, the countercyclical job finding in the formal sector combined with the acyclical job finding in informality does lead to the latter absorbing relatively more labor during downturns. Third, aggregate employment dynamics vary across the Tequila crisis and the later 2001 slowdown, suggesting that not only the composition of employment, but the nature of the shocks is important to understanding how the labor market adjusts.

Author: Mariano Bosch
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780753020593
Category : Informal sector (Economics)
Languages : en
Pages :

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This paper applies recent advances in the study of labor market dynamics to a representative developing country with a large unregulated of "informal' sector, Mexico. It finds, first, that the formal salaried sector shows the same procyclical job finding rate and mildly countercyclical separation behavior identified in the recent US literature by Shimer (2005a) and Hall (2005). The unregulated informal sector, however, shows reasonable acyclicality in the job finding rate coupled with sharp countercyclical movements in the job separation rate, consistent with standard small firm dynamics and Davis and Haltiwanger (1992 and 1999). The differential behavior of regulated and unregulated sectors, and the finding of relative wage rigidity in the former, sheds suggestive light on the roots of countercyclical job finding behavior in the US. Second, the patterns of worker transitions between all sectors, formal and informal correspond to the job-to-job dynamics observed in the US and not to the traditional idea of informality constituting the inferior sector of a segmented market. That said, the counter cyclical job finding in the formal sector combined with the acyclical job finding in informality does lead to the latter absorbing relatively more labor during downturns, even as its increased separation rates drive movements in unemployment.

Author: Dorte Verner
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Academic achievement
Languages : en
Pages : 43

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The author addresses the labor markets in rural and semi-urban Mexico. The empirical analyses show that non-farm income shares increase with overall consumption levels and, also, with time. Rural-dwellers in lower quintiles of the consumption distribution tend to earn a larger share of their nonagricultural incomes from wage labor activities. For the poorest, low-productivity wage labor activities are important. The quantile wage regression analysis for rural Mexico shows a rather heterogeneous impact pattern of individual characteristics across the wage distribution on monthly wages. The author's findings reveal that education is key to earning higher wages, and that workers in more dispersed rural areas earn less than their peers in semi-urban rural areas (localities with less than 15,000 inhabitants). The rural non-farm sector is heterogeneous and includes a great variety of activities and productivity levels across non-farm jobs. Moreover it can reduce poverty in a couple of distinct but qualitatively important ways in rural Mexico. The analysis of non-farm employment in rural Mexico suggests that the two key determinants of access to employment and productivity in non-farm activities are education and location.

Author: Gary S. Fields
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192550217
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 386

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Employment and Development brings together the contributions of 2014 IZA Prize in Labor Economics award winner Gary S. Fields to address global employment and poverty problems. Most of the poor in developing countries live in households in which people work, but still they are poor because the best available work pays so little. Employment and Development: How Work Can Lead From and Into Poverty questions how economic growth affects standards of living, how labor markets work in developing countries, and how different labor market policies affect well-being. Through a collection of essays, this book tackles major questions in development and labor economics. Who benefits from economic growth and who is hurt by economic decline? Why are distributional factors and labor market conditions improving in some countries but not in others? How do developing countries' labor markets work? How would labor market conditions change if different policies were to be put into effect? What are the welfare consequences of these changes? Through distributional analysis, Fields examines inequality, poverty, income mobility, and economic well-being, and through analysis of changing labor market conditions he examines employment and unemployment, employment composition, and labor earnings. By concentrating on the poor and understanding how the labor markets work for them and how their labor market earnings might be raised in response to different policy interventions, Fields addresses questions of first-order importance for human well-being.

Author: Susan Fleck
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 32

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Author: Xiaodong Gong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 44

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Author: Peter Gregory
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 330

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This book takes sharp issue with the prevailing perception that Mexican employment conditions have not improved or have even deteriorated over time. It reveals a steady and substantial improvement in the earnings of workers at the bottom of the nonagricultural wage structure and shows that rural-urban migration has caused migrants' earnings to rise signinficantly and has not prevented the rise of urban unskilled wages in general. The findings indicate that estimates of the underutilization of labor are not only grossly exaggerated but also misleading for the formulation of employment policy. The author uses new information to estimate the flow of migrant labor to the United States. His examination of Mexican labor markets shows the unexpected importance of nonagricultural labor for rural household incomes. Finally, he assesses the impact on employment of the recent economic crisis and draws on lessons of the past to advance employment policy prescriptions for the future.

Author: Stephen Alfred Lorenzen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Consumption (Economics)
Languages : en
Pages : 306

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