Do Exporters Gain from Voluntary Export Restraints? PDF Download

Author:
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 43

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Author: Jagdish N. Bhagwati
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262521505
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 172

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"Through a combination of text, quotations, cartoons, tables, charts, and graphs, Bhagwati ... looks at the forces for and against protection."--Jacket.

Author: Jaime De Melo
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Export controls
Languages : en
Pages : 45

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Book Description
By reducing the marginal revenue of the factors of production , a voluntary export restraint (VER) causes an exporting country's industry to contract. Efficiency losses depend on whether sales can be diverted from restricted to unrestricted markets. A VER is likely to produce a welfare loss if demand is relatively elastic and supply is not.

Author: Jason Katzman
Publisher: Skyhorse Publishing Inc.
ISBN: 1616081112
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 397

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Book Description
Here is practical advice for anyone who wants to build their business by selling overseas. The International Trade Administration covers key topics such as marketing, legal issues, customs, and more. With real-life examples and a full index, A Basic Guide to Exporting provides expert advice and practical solutions to meet all of your exporting needs.

Author: Sabina Nüesch
Publisher: Peter Lang
ISBN: 9783039117673
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 382

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Book Description
The initial leaps forward in international trade liberalisation were achieved under the auspices of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) when trade barriers in the form of tariffs were significantly reduced or removed up until the mid-1970s. However, this advancement was counteracted by a «new protectionism» which surfaced in the oil crises and the subsequent world economic recession. The term «new» was not to indicate the novelty of protectionist tendencies regaining momentum, but instead referred to the ever more subtle instruments, deploying non-tariff barriers to trade. Among these «grey area» measures (to use GATT parlance) are the voluntary export restraints (VERs) which unfolded insidiously over the years. Whereas the proliferation of VERs has attracted abundant economic studies and political debate, it found only limited legal discussion. Despite their outright ban in the Uruguay Round (when VERs were outlawed by the Agreement on Safeguards), the rare instances where VERs have actually been challenged is clearly unrepresentative of their propagation. The aim of this thesis is to elaborate on the popularity of VERs, to examine the lack of judicial consideration afforded to them, expanding therefore on the intersection of international trade regulation with competition law, economics and international political economy.

Author: Roberto A. De Santis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Export controls
Languages : en
Pages : 76

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Author: Douglas A. Irwin
Publisher: American Enterprise Institute
ISBN: 9780844770796
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 44

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The author argues that a tax on imports commensurately creates a tax on exports, and that trade imbalances reflect capital flows between countries.

Author: Gene M. Grossman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 52

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Author: Martin Kellermann
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464813728
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 275

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In a modern world with rapidly growing international trade, countries compete less based on the availability of natural resources, geographical advantages, and lower labor costs and more on factors related to firms' ability to enter and compete in new markets. One such factor is the ability to demonstrate the quality and safety of goods and services expected by consumers and confirm compliance with international standards. To assure such compliance, a sound quality infrastructure (QI) ecosystem is essential. Jointly developed by the World Bank Group and the National Metrology Institute of Germany, this guide is designed to help development partners and governments analyze a country's quality infrastructure ecosystems and provide recommendations to design and implement reforms and enhance the capacity of their QI institutions.

Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1498328202
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 58

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Book Description
In this paper, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund have drawn together available research findings on the benefits of trade liberalization as well as on the obstacles to trade-oriented development.