Author: Ron Emmons
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 1465417877
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 370
Book Description
The DK Eyewitness Malaysia & Singapore Travel Guide is your indispensable guide to this beautiful part of the world. The fully updated guide includes unique cutaways, floorplans and reconstructions of the must-see sites, plus street-by-street maps of all the fascinating cities and towns. The new-look guide is also packed with photographs and illustrations leading you straight to the best attractions on offer. The uniquely visual DK Eyewitness Travel guide will help you to discover everything region-by-region; from local festivals and markets to day trips around the countryside. Detailed listings will guide you to the best hotels, restaurants, bars and shops for all budgets, whilst detailed practical information will help you to get around, whether by train, bus or car. Plus, DK's excellent insider tips and essential local information will help you explore every corner of Malaysia & Singapore effortlessly. DK Eyewitness Malaysia & Singapore Travel Guide - showing you what others only tell you. Now available in PDF format.
DK Eyewitness Malaysia and Singapore
Author: DK Eyewitness
Publisher: Dorling Kindersley Ltd
ISBN: 0241640679
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 524
Book Description
Whether you want to marvel at Gardens by the Bay, trek through the jungle of Pulau Tioman or tuck into the world's best street food at Lau Pa Sat market, your DK Eyewitness travel guide makes sure you experience all that Malaysia and Singapore have to offer. Captivating cities, idyllic islands, ancient rainforest and sumptuous cuisine make Malaysia a country worth savouring. Across the border, Singapore's urban landscape is just as vibrant and varied, studded with unspoilt green spaces, trendy bars and Michelin-starred restaurants. This corner of southeast Asia has it all. Our updated and redesigned 2023 guide brings Malaysia and Singapore to life, transporting you there like no other travel guide does with expert-led insights, trusted travel advice, detailed breakdowns of all the must-see sights, photographs on practically every page, and our hand-drawn illustrations which place you inside the iconic buildings and neighbourhoods of both country and city. DK Eyewitness Malaysia and Singapore is your ticket to the trip of a lifetime. Inside DK Eyewitness Malaysia and Singapore you will find: - A fully-illustrated top experiences guide: our expert pick of Malaysia and Singapore's must-sees and hidden gems. - Accessible itineraries to make the most out of each and every day. - Expert advice: honest recommendations for getting around safely, when to visit each sight, what to do before you visit, and how to save time and money. - Colour-coded chapters to every part of Malaysia and Singapore, from Kuala Lumpur to Sabah, the Southern Peninsula to Sarawak. - Practical tips: the best places to eat, drink, shop and stay. - Detailed maps and walks to help you navigate the region country easily and confidently. - Covers: Kuala Lumpur, NorthWest Peninsula, Southern Peninsula, Eastern and Central Peninsula, Sarawak Sabah About DK Eyewitness: At DK Eyewitness, we believe in the power of discovery. We make it easy for you to explore your dream destinations. DK Eyewitness travel guides have been helping travellers to make the most of their breaks since 1993. Filled with expert advice, striking photography and detailed illustrations, our highly visual DK Eyewitness guides will get you closer to your next adventure. We publish guides to more than 200 destinations, from pocket-sized city guides to comprehensive country guides. Named Top Guidebook Series at the 2020 Wanderlust Reader Travel Awards, we know that wherever you go next, your DK Eyewitness travel guides are the perfect companion.
Publisher: Dorling Kindersley Ltd
ISBN: 0241640679
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 524
Book Description
Whether you want to marvel at Gardens by the Bay, trek through the jungle of Pulau Tioman or tuck into the world's best street food at Lau Pa Sat market, your DK Eyewitness travel guide makes sure you experience all that Malaysia and Singapore have to offer. Captivating cities, idyllic islands, ancient rainforest and sumptuous cuisine make Malaysia a country worth savouring. Across the border, Singapore's urban landscape is just as vibrant and varied, studded with unspoilt green spaces, trendy bars and Michelin-starred restaurants. This corner of southeast Asia has it all. Our updated and redesigned 2023 guide brings Malaysia and Singapore to life, transporting you there like no other travel guide does with expert-led insights, trusted travel advice, detailed breakdowns of all the must-see sights, photographs on practically every page, and our hand-drawn illustrations which place you inside the iconic buildings and neighbourhoods of both country and city. DK Eyewitness Malaysia and Singapore is your ticket to the trip of a lifetime. Inside DK Eyewitness Malaysia and Singapore you will find: - A fully-illustrated top experiences guide: our expert pick of Malaysia and Singapore's must-sees and hidden gems. - Accessible itineraries to make the most out of each and every day. - Expert advice: honest recommendations for getting around safely, when to visit each sight, what to do before you visit, and how to save time and money. - Colour-coded chapters to every part of Malaysia and Singapore, from Kuala Lumpur to Sabah, the Southern Peninsula to Sarawak. - Practical tips: the best places to eat, drink, shop and stay. - Detailed maps and walks to help you navigate the region country easily and confidently. - Covers: Kuala Lumpur, NorthWest Peninsula, Southern Peninsula, Eastern and Central Peninsula, Sarawak Sabah About DK Eyewitness: At DK Eyewitness, we believe in the power of discovery. We make it easy for you to explore your dream destinations. DK Eyewitness travel guides have been helping travellers to make the most of their breaks since 1993. Filled with expert advice, striking photography and detailed illustrations, our highly visual DK Eyewitness guides will get you closer to your next adventure. We publish guides to more than 200 destinations, from pocket-sized city guides to comprehensive country guides. Named Top Guidebook Series at the 2020 Wanderlust Reader Travel Awards, we know that wherever you go next, your DK Eyewitness travel guides are the perfect companion.
DK Eyewitness Top 10 Singapore
Author: DK Eyewitness
Publisher: Dorling Kindersley Ltd
ISBN: 0241343968
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 298
Book Description
An unbeatable, pocket-sized guide to all the best things to do in Singapore, packed with photos and maps, insider tips, useful advice. Top 10 Singapore showcases the best places to visit in Singapore, from Sentosa and Marina Bay to the Singapore River and Raffles Hotel. Seven easy-to-follow itineraries explore the city's most interesting sights - from serene temples and peaceful gardens to vibrant neighbourhoods and contemporary museums - while reviews of the best hotels, shops and restaurants in Singapore will help you plan your perfect trip.
Publisher: Dorling Kindersley Ltd
ISBN: 0241343968
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 298
Book Description
An unbeatable, pocket-sized guide to all the best things to do in Singapore, packed with photos and maps, insider tips, useful advice. Top 10 Singapore showcases the best places to visit in Singapore, from Sentosa and Marina Bay to the Singapore River and Raffles Hotel. Seven easy-to-follow itineraries explore the city's most interesting sights - from serene temples and peaceful gardens to vibrant neighbourhoods and contemporary museums - while reviews of the best hotels, shops and restaurants in Singapore will help you plan your perfect trip.
Crossroads
Author: Jim Baker
Publisher: Marshall Cavendish International (Asia) Pte Limited
ISBN: 9789814841900
Category : Malaya
Languages : en
Pages : 480
Book Description
In this fully updated 4th edition of his ever-popular Crossroads, Jim Baker adds new analysis following the watershed 2018 general elections in Malaysia and reviews the policies and impact of the next generation of Singapore's leaders. The original text, which traces the complex currents of history and politics of Malaysia and Singapore--neighbours with a common past--has also been revised to re-evaluate events in the context of new historical findings and perspectives. From Srivijaya to British colony to modern states, this is "history without tears" (The New Straits Times). "A must-read" -- Ken Whiting, former Associated Press Singapore Bureau Chief "Baker's thrilling book profits from his refusal to separate Singapore's history from Malaysia's. What we get is a broad story filled with surprising details drawn from his own experiences and from other scholarly works and told in an easy and captivating style." -- Dr Ooi Kee Beng, Senior Fellow at the ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute, Singapore "Jim Baker's Crossroads is bound to raise more than a few eyebrows in more than a few quarters. His book presents a side of history not many may be aware of or even want to know ... it is as thought-provoking as it is enlightening." -- The Sun
Publisher: Marshall Cavendish International (Asia) Pte Limited
ISBN: 9789814841900
Category : Malaya
Languages : en
Pages : 480
Book Description
In this fully updated 4th edition of his ever-popular Crossroads, Jim Baker adds new analysis following the watershed 2018 general elections in Malaysia and reviews the policies and impact of the next generation of Singapore's leaders. The original text, which traces the complex currents of history and politics of Malaysia and Singapore--neighbours with a common past--has also been revised to re-evaluate events in the context of new historical findings and perspectives. From Srivijaya to British colony to modern states, this is "history without tears" (The New Straits Times). "A must-read" -- Ken Whiting, former Associated Press Singapore Bureau Chief "Baker's thrilling book profits from his refusal to separate Singapore's history from Malaysia's. What we get is a broad story filled with surprising details drawn from his own experiences and from other scholarly works and told in an easy and captivating style." -- Dr Ooi Kee Beng, Senior Fellow at the ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute, Singapore "Jim Baker's Crossroads is bound to raise more than a few eyebrows in more than a few quarters. His book presents a side of history not many may be aware of or even want to know ... it is as thought-provoking as it is enlightening." -- The Sun
Singapore
Author: Jill A. Laidlaw
Publisher: DK Eyewitness Travel
ISBN: 9780789497222
Category : Singapore
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
The guide that shows you what other travel books only tell you New Zealand is one of the most spectacular and least spoiled countries on the planet and DK's Eyewitness Travel Guide: New Zealand guide does full justice to its astonishing volcanic landscape, wildlife reserves and fjord-like coastline. More than 1,100 full-color photographs, detailed street-by-street maps, and listings of all major attractions help provide endless fun for any vacation. Whether visiting the capital city of Wellington, the panoramic views of Auckland, or the smaller enclaves on the North and South Island, there is plenty to see when traveling to this rich and vibrant landscape. DK's guide gives extensive treatment of the fascinating Maori culture and art as well as solid information on outdoor activities, New Zealand's fine wines and innovative Pacific Rim cuisine.
Publisher: DK Eyewitness Travel
ISBN: 9780789497222
Category : Singapore
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
The guide that shows you what other travel books only tell you New Zealand is one of the most spectacular and least spoiled countries on the planet and DK's Eyewitness Travel Guide: New Zealand guide does full justice to its astonishing volcanic landscape, wildlife reserves and fjord-like coastline. More than 1,100 full-color photographs, detailed street-by-street maps, and listings of all major attractions help provide endless fun for any vacation. Whether visiting the capital city of Wellington, the panoramic views of Auckland, or the smaller enclaves on the North and South Island, there is plenty to see when traveling to this rich and vibrant landscape. DK's guide gives extensive treatment of the fascinating Maori culture and art as well as solid information on outdoor activities, New Zealand's fine wines and innovative Pacific Rim cuisine.
DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore
Author: Ron Emmons
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 1465417877
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 370
Book Description
The DK Eyewitness Malaysia & Singapore Travel Guide is your indispensable guide to this beautiful part of the world. The fully updated guide includes unique cutaways, floorplans and reconstructions of the must-see sites, plus street-by-street maps of all the fascinating cities and towns. The new-look guide is also packed with photographs and illustrations leading you straight to the best attractions on offer. The uniquely visual DK Eyewitness Travel guide will help you to discover everything region-by-region; from local festivals and markets to day trips around the countryside. Detailed listings will guide you to the best hotels, restaurants, bars and shops for all budgets, whilst detailed practical information will help you to get around, whether by train, bus or car. Plus, DK's excellent insider tips and essential local information will help you explore every corner of Malaysia & Singapore effortlessly. DK Eyewitness Malaysia & Singapore Travel Guide - showing you what others only tell you. Now available in PDF format.
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 1465417877
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 370
Book Description
The DK Eyewitness Malaysia & Singapore Travel Guide is your indispensable guide to this beautiful part of the world. The fully updated guide includes unique cutaways, floorplans and reconstructions of the must-see sites, plus street-by-street maps of all the fascinating cities and towns. The new-look guide is also packed with photographs and illustrations leading you straight to the best attractions on offer. The uniquely visual DK Eyewitness Travel guide will help you to discover everything region-by-region; from local festivals and markets to day trips around the countryside. Detailed listings will guide you to the best hotels, restaurants, bars and shops for all budgets, whilst detailed practical information will help you to get around, whether by train, bus or car. Plus, DK's excellent insider tips and essential local information will help you explore every corner of Malaysia & Singapore effortlessly. DK Eyewitness Malaysia & Singapore Travel Guide - showing you what others only tell you. Now available in PDF format.
DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore
Author: Andrew Forbes
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 0756683246
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 370
Book Description
Malaysia beckons with an astounding mix of lush rainforests, gorgeous beaches and precipitous mountains. Nature lovers can swim with colorful fish off the shores of numerous islands or spot orangutans and other exotic jungle-dwellers in Sarawak. The ultra-modern skyscrapers of Kuala Lumpur and Singapore overwhelm the colonial buildings still found in the centre of both metropolises. These transport hubs benefit from a heady mix of Malay, Chinese and Indian multiculturalism, with stunning food and great markets on offer. Whether exploring the slopes of Mount Kinabalu or shopping in KL, the Eyewitness Guide to Malaysia and Singapore is indispensable. Whether you are planning to visit a city, a region or a country, DK's foolproof 'Eyewitness' approach makes learning about a place a pleasure in itself. All the traditional guidebook subject matter is covered-descriptions of sights, opening times, hotels, restaurants, shopping, entertainment, phrase books etc- but, with the help of specially commissioned illustrations and maps, DK makes essential information easy to access and quick to absorb. No other guides explain the history of a place as clearly in words and pictures. DK Eyewitness Travel Guides-the best guides ever created.
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 0756683246
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 370
Book Description
Malaysia beckons with an astounding mix of lush rainforests, gorgeous beaches and precipitous mountains. Nature lovers can swim with colorful fish off the shores of numerous islands or spot orangutans and other exotic jungle-dwellers in Sarawak. The ultra-modern skyscrapers of Kuala Lumpur and Singapore overwhelm the colonial buildings still found in the centre of both metropolises. These transport hubs benefit from a heady mix of Malay, Chinese and Indian multiculturalism, with stunning food and great markets on offer. Whether exploring the slopes of Mount Kinabalu or shopping in KL, the Eyewitness Guide to Malaysia and Singapore is indispensable. Whether you are planning to visit a city, a region or a country, DK's foolproof 'Eyewitness' approach makes learning about a place a pleasure in itself. All the traditional guidebook subject matter is covered-descriptions of sights, opening times, hotels, restaurants, shopping, entertainment, phrase books etc- but, with the help of specially commissioned illustrations and maps, DK makes essential information easy to access and quick to absorb. No other guides explain the history of a place as clearly in words and pictures. DK Eyewitness Travel Guides-the best guides ever created.
DK Eyewitness Travel Guide Malaysia and Singapore
Author: DK Travel
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 1465452036
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 358
Book Description
DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore is your in-depth guide to the very best of this region. Whether you want to discover the best places to spot colorful fish and jungle-dwelling animals like orangutans, or are looking to sample the incredible food in the ultra-modern metropolises of Kuala Lumpur and Singapore, this region offers an astounding range of experiences. Discover DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore + Detailed itineraries and "don't-miss" destination highlights at a glance. + Illustrated cutaway 3-D drawings of important sights. + Floor plans and guided visitor information for major museums. + Guided walking tours, local drink and dining specialties to try, things to do, and places to eat, drink, and shop by area. + Area maps marked with sights and restaurants. + Detailed city map of Singapore includes street finder index for easy navigation. + Insights into history and culture to help you understand the stories behind the sights. + Suggested day trips and itineraries to explore beyond the city of Singapore. + Hotel and restaurant listings highlight DK Choice special recommendations. With hundreds of full-color photographs, hand-drawn illustrations, and custom maps that illuminate every page, DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore truly shows you this region as no one else can.
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 1465452036
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 358
Book Description
DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore is your in-depth guide to the very best of this region. Whether you want to discover the best places to spot colorful fish and jungle-dwelling animals like orangutans, or are looking to sample the incredible food in the ultra-modern metropolises of Kuala Lumpur and Singapore, this region offers an astounding range of experiences. Discover DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore + Detailed itineraries and "don't-miss" destination highlights at a glance. + Illustrated cutaway 3-D drawings of important sights. + Floor plans and guided visitor information for major museums. + Guided walking tours, local drink and dining specialties to try, things to do, and places to eat, drink, and shop by area. + Area maps marked with sights and restaurants. + Detailed city map of Singapore includes street finder index for easy navigation. + Insights into history and culture to help you understand the stories behind the sights. + Suggested day trips and itineraries to explore beyond the city of Singapore. + Hotel and restaurant listings highlight DK Choice special recommendations. With hundreds of full-color photographs, hand-drawn illustrations, and custom maps that illuminate every page, DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore truly shows you this region as no one else can.
DK Eyewitness Travel Guide Malaysia and Singapore
Author: DK Travel
Publisher: Dorling Kindersley Ltd
ISBN: 0241254310
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 358
Book Description
The DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore is your indispensable guide to this beautiful part of the world. The fully updated guide includes unique cutaways, floorplans and reconstructions of the must-see sites, plus street-by-street maps of all the fascinating cities and towns. The new-look guide is also packed with photographs and illustrations leading you straight to the best attractions on offer. The uniquely visual DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore will help you to discover everything region-by-region; from local festivals and markets to day trips around the countryside. Detailed listings will guide you to the best hotels, restaurants, bars and shops for all budgets, whilst detailed practical information will help you to get around, whether by train, bus or car. Plus, DK's excellent insider tips and essential local information will help you explore every corner of Malaysia and Singapore effortlessly.
Publisher: Dorling Kindersley Ltd
ISBN: 0241254310
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 358
Book Description
The DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore is your indispensable guide to this beautiful part of the world. The fully updated guide includes unique cutaways, floorplans and reconstructions of the must-see sites, plus street-by-street maps of all the fascinating cities and towns. The new-look guide is also packed with photographs and illustrations leading you straight to the best attractions on offer. The uniquely visual DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore will help you to discover everything region-by-region; from local festivals and markets to day trips around the countryside. Detailed listings will guide you to the best hotels, restaurants, bars and shops for all budgets, whilst detailed practical information will help you to get around, whether by train, bus or car. Plus, DK's excellent insider tips and essential local information will help you explore every corner of Malaysia and Singapore effortlessly.
DK Eyewitness Malaysia and Singapore
Author: DK Eyewitness
Publisher: National Geographic Books
ISBN: 024141847X
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore is your in-depth guide to the very best of this region. Whether you want to discover the best places to spot colorful fish and jungle-dwelling animals like orangutans, or are looking to sample the incredible food in the ultra-modern metropolises of Kuala Lumpur and Singapore, this region offers an astounding range of experiences. Discover DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore • Detailed itineraries and "don't-miss" destination highlights at a glance. • Illustrated cutaway 3-D drawings of important sights. • Floor plans and guided visitor information for major museums. • Guided walking tours, local drink and dining specialties to try, things to do, and places to eat, drink, and shop by area. • Area maps marked with sights and restaurants. • Detailed city map of Singapore includes street finder index for easy navigation. • Insights into history and culture to help you understand the stories behind the sights. • Suggested day trips and itineraries to explore beyond the city of Singapore. • Hotel and restaurant listings highlight DK Choice special recommendations. With hundreds of full-color photographs, hand-drawn illustrations, and custom maps that illuminate every page, DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore truly shows you this region as no one else can. Recommended: For a pocket guidebook to Singapore, check out DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Top 10 Singapore, which is packed with dozens of top 10 lists, ensuring you make the most of your time in the city. Series Overview: For more than two decades, DK Eyewitness Travel Guides have helped travelers experience the world through the history, art, architecture, and culture of their destinations. Expert travel writers and researchers provide independent editorial advice, recommendations, and reviews. With guidebooks to hundreds of places around the globe available in print and digital formats, DK Eyewitness Travel Guides show travelers how they can discover more. DK Eyewitness Travel Guides: the most maps, photographs, and illustrations of any guide.
Publisher: National Geographic Books
ISBN: 024141847X
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore is your in-depth guide to the very best of this region. Whether you want to discover the best places to spot colorful fish and jungle-dwelling animals like orangutans, or are looking to sample the incredible food in the ultra-modern metropolises of Kuala Lumpur and Singapore, this region offers an astounding range of experiences. Discover DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore • Detailed itineraries and "don't-miss" destination highlights at a glance. • Illustrated cutaway 3-D drawings of important sights. • Floor plans and guided visitor information for major museums. • Guided walking tours, local drink and dining specialties to try, things to do, and places to eat, drink, and shop by area. • Area maps marked with sights and restaurants. • Detailed city map of Singapore includes street finder index for easy navigation. • Insights into history and culture to help you understand the stories behind the sights. • Suggested day trips and itineraries to explore beyond the city of Singapore. • Hotel and restaurant listings highlight DK Choice special recommendations. With hundreds of full-color photographs, hand-drawn illustrations, and custom maps that illuminate every page, DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Malaysia and Singapore truly shows you this region as no one else can. Recommended: For a pocket guidebook to Singapore, check out DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Top 10 Singapore, which is packed with dozens of top 10 lists, ensuring you make the most of your time in the city. Series Overview: For more than two decades, DK Eyewitness Travel Guides have helped travelers experience the world through the history, art, architecture, and culture of their destinations. Expert travel writers and researchers provide independent editorial advice, recommendations, and reviews. With guidebooks to hundreds of places around the globe available in print and digital formats, DK Eyewitness Travel Guides show travelers how they can discover more. DK Eyewitness Travel Guides: the most maps, photographs, and illustrations of any guide.
From British to Bumiputera Rule
Author: Shamsul A B
Publisher: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
ISBN: 9789971988227
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 308
Book Description
Based on two years of intensive fieldwork, this detailed community study breaks new ground. Combining anthropological and historical disciplines, it deals with village politics amongst rural Malays growing oil-palm and rubber. This study traces the continuing influence of the colonial and post-colonial state policies on contemporary rural development. It shows that village political cleavages are not just the result of modern electoral practices introduced after World War II but are responses to politico-economic events at the national and even international levels. It examines not only inter-party rivalry between the United Malays National Organization (UMNO) and Parti Islam SeMalaysia (PAS) but also the intra-party politics of both organizations at the local level.
Publisher: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
ISBN: 9789971988227
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 308
Book Description
Based on two years of intensive fieldwork, this detailed community study breaks new ground. Combining anthropological and historical disciplines, it deals with village politics amongst rural Malays growing oil-palm and rubber. This study traces the continuing influence of the colonial and post-colonial state policies on contemporary rural development. It shows that village political cleavages are not just the result of modern electoral practices introduced after World War II but are responses to politico-economic events at the national and even international levels. It examines not only inter-party rivalry between the United Malays National Organization (UMNO) and Parti Islam SeMalaysia (PAS) but also the intra-party politics of both organizations at the local level.